扒胎机-半自动轮胎拆装机设计-拆轮胎机设计【含CAD图纸、说明书】
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毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译译文题目 半自动轮胎拆装机设计 专 业 机械设计制造及其自动化 班 级 姓 名 学 号 指导教师 机械工程学院Tires removing machine Realistic meaning The car is one of the important traffic tool for the development of the national economy, along with our country national economy sustained growth, the amount of the automobile grow with each passing day, auto repair industry has also been considerable development, guarantee system of vehicle technology condition has formed a set of vehicle repair, maintenance, testing and spare parts supply in one. Has become an important part of road transport industry, to ensure the running safety of vehicles, high efficiency and low cost operation, and promote the development of road transportation, play a powerful role in safeguarding, with the deepening of economic reform, Chinas automobile repair enterprises showing a good development trend. In ten years, Chinas car ownership increased rapidly, the level of technology and quality is greatly improved, the original repair operation and production management mode, more and more difficult to adapt to the social parties in the face of vehicle maintenance and repair requirements. Increase the technical inputs and technical transformation efforts, take the connotation of development, to revitalize the automotive repair industry, has become the consensus of automobile repair industry a person with breadth of vision, people more and more realize equipment repair ability of the decisive. Some backbone enterprises make every attempt to repair funds, the implementation of technological transformation, improve the working system. The purchase of the tire balance car lift, electronic mixing machine, machine, auto spray paint room, equipment. At the same time, with the latest modern technological level of the engine fault diagnosis instrument, electronic gas injection system detection device, calibration of measuring instrument, vehicle four wheel alignment, dynamometer and slip measuring instrument testing equipment have been applied. Thus, to improve the competitive ability of the enterprise in the market, increase the industry development. Has been adjusted and optimized through the internal structure of technical transformation of industry, changes the single mode in the past the vehicle overhaul, overhaul, began to form automobile assembly, repair, car repair, car repair special car repair, car manufacturing factory special repair, complete, division of labor and market structure theory. Basically meet the needs of the different types and operating the project need repair, car repair outlets extending outward from the large, city, radiation throughout the formation of network. The development of the domestic auto repair industry control in macro, repair capabilities continue to improve, the layout is reasonable. Balanced distribution of repair enterprises, convenient and reasonable, range. At the same time, can guarantee the quality, repair demand relative equilibrium. In the competition of market economy and adjust, the survival and development of the market, thoroughly solves the problem of unbalanced repair. Namely: the automobile vehicle repair enterprises, diesel car enterprises less; repair truck enterprises, repair the bus enterprises less; flexible type of repair enterprises, special vehicle enterprises less; repair the medium-sized, small, heavy duty automobile repair repair enterprise. Due to solve such problems, has led some enterprises to develop professional direction, completely solve the repair high-grade cars, light vehicles, heavy vehicles difficult problem. Primarily, professional division is formed basically rational layout, repair structure supporting auto repair system. To promote the transition from a planned economy to a market economy in the process of auto maintenance and repair industry, establish and improve the market of vehicle maintenance and repair, the car repair industry to become a suit and the national economic development of advanced technology, reasonable structure, clear division of professional, high quality, convenient repair system in good order, and its good operation mechanism of service in all walks of life. This research is a new tyre dismounting machine is suitable for auto repair service community. According to statistics, 90% high-speed road accidents are caused by tires, as the most important one of the auto parts maintenance of tire repair is very important. When the tire repair, generally to the dismantling. The traditional approach is to use the crowbar to pry open the directly to the tire, this method is time-consuming and can cause damage to the tire. This kind of tyre dismounting machine is the four wheel vehicle repair using a modern pneumatic technology of special products. Study on new product development and design of a high degree of automation, safe and reliable as the tyre changer, help improve the increasingly prosperous automobile repair industry working conditions, reduce labor intensity and the cost of repair, improve automobile repair and maintenance of the overall quality of service, has the practical significance to improve the working conditions of automotive repair industry. This topic design and production of machine - the tyre disassembly device and the tyre, the tyre mounting one, whose main job is the claw and the mounting head, chuck to rotate directly supplied by the motor power, card, loosen the clamping claw movement is provided by the air pressure system support. This is also in the pneumatic system compared to other mechanical system has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and easy to realize self-locking and other advantages, and can be simply put, inflation function added. Disassembling and assembling machine is mainly composed of mechanical system, pneumatic system and control system. How to make the mechanical structure reasonable allocation is the main reason affecting the performance of the disassembling and assembling machine. The wheel disassembling and assembling machine efficiency and not to hurt the childs features make it plays more and more important in the automotive repair industrys position, and gradually become an indispensable tool for each repair factory.Current situation and trendsWith the continuous development and promotion of car of the rapid increase in the number of vehicle maintenance and repair technology, the technical level of disassembling and assembling machine are improving rapidly. The level of development and trend of the current dismantling machine specific performance in the following aspects:(1) series. Strict compliance with the Italy tyre dismounting machine series specifications. The work plate clamping range from 10 in to 26 in, can cover any flat models all tire ratio.(2) modular. Auxiliary arm, working plate, air table, bird head, inflating device and other accessories can achieve a variety of module combination, easy to use, to have larger promotion space, to meet the different needs of different users.(3) automation:1) in the tyre disassembly process, disassembly process simulation of tire in the womb and tyre mechanics model, which does not cause tearing tires, but also avoid the dismounting arm rebound made adult injury stress in the free state improves the use safety.2) tire press wheel and pressing block according to the size of the tire can be in different position automatic locking, high efficiency and convenient operation and reliable performance.(4) the development of the control system The control system of wheel dismounting machine at home and abroad are generally by the reversing switch and pressure valve to achieve, its development trend is simple, intelligent.(5) integrated pressure system With the integration of the electric control system to promote and perfect, and the progress of pneumatic technology, integrated pressure system has also been a rapid development. In the past ten years have developed plate type, block type integrated and cartridge integrated in various forms, which are inserted integrated system will be more widely applied.(6) pressure machine pleasant With automatic dismounting machine, limit the noise and vibration, prevent environmental pollution elimination of accidents, ensure the safe and reliable assembling machine production is even more important. Therefore, many countries have formulated relevant tire maintenance safety standard maintenance and law. Wheel loader is one of the main equipment of auto maintenance and repair industry, seventy or eighty years in the developed countries already have products. I have eighty time metaphase development in this area began. So far China has a number of tools factory specializing in the production, variety, structure and complex degree difference. But no matter what kind of wheel loader design, side, design method and program have in common is the first, carries on the detailed analysis of the need of disassembling the tire, wheel shape, size, understand the material, weight and disassembly process requirements of the machine, including the use of common pressure, velocity, position, space, shift work the working efficiency, the degree of automation and the domestic auto repair factory air compressor power etc. In a word, to make clear the machine assembly and disassembly process through the analysis of the technology, the detailed requirements of every movement in one work cycle and the necessary adjustment range. Second, investigation and study. Any design should try their best to meet the user requirements; good manufacturing process and has the advanced technical economical indexes. Therefore, investigation and study the user unit, manufacturing unit requests and suggestions. The relevant data structure and as far as possible, to collect and study the performance of similar products at home and abroad, on the basis of the preliminary design of a design scheme. After review, extensive solicitation of opinions for improvement, to determine the best solution, as the foundation of construction design. Third, the final completion of all the construction design and manufacturing acceptance of all technical documents. Fourth, through prototype, test and experiment, verify whether the design meets the expected requirement, and make the necessary changes to the design. The main contents of rapid tire changer design process is: to determine the main technical specifications, graph, host design of pneumatic system and electrical system, the components, design and layout. All the parts drawings, instructions for use and manufacture and acceptance documents. These processes are part of the organic whole design, in each step, cannot be considered in isolation, but should be comprehensive, coordinated.Study abroad status The worlds first tires removing machine was born in Italy in 1924, at present still retains this machine is NEXION Italy airs Mondolfo Ferro Spa (tiger) ltd. Until the nineteen eighties, Italy is still a global tires removing machine center. At present, the tyre disassembly technology global mainstream is divided into 2 categories: one is the chuck type; two is the card shaft type. Italy Keji JOLLY (DEC), German Hofmann monty1275, Germany Pepsi PA MS-43, the United States of America Jie Ben T1000, are column type chuck tire basic tyre dismounting machine. This kind of tyre dismounting machine has simple structure, low cost, loved by customers. The characteristic of this kind of product is: chuck type, the upright post is fixed, can add the side to help arm and booster arm, oblique type shovel tire, need a crowbar coordination. In view of the axle thickness became thicker, and the emergence of chuck tyre for the column can be retroverted tyre dismantling machine, such as the Italy tiger AS-933, Italy Keji A2020/2025, Germany Hofmann monty3300, the United States of America Jie Ben T3000: domestic to DL-522 series, C233 series, star. These products also belong to the chuck type. With the development of automobile and tire technology progress, the wheel diameter is more and more big, flat tire is more and more small, the hardness is more and more big, the axle material and shape more and more features, has brought new challenges to the tyre disassembly. So the card shaft type tires removing machine. The worlds first without a clamping shaft type automatic tires removing machine is introduced by the Italy tigers, Italians continue to lead the world tires removing machine industry. This caused the industry technological revolution tires removing machine called FOX ROBOFIT. Technical features: This machine is the axle center hole for fixing tyre (non chuck type, referred to as: card shaft type), hook type head, rotary shovel tire device (non diagonal shovel tire), without a crowbar. The current global market similar products are: Italy Keji ARTIGLIO MASTER 26 MI (super magic automatic tire dismounting machine), Pepsi PA MS68 (note, MS67 also belongs to the card shaft type, but the head is not hook type). The Italian is clearly not satisfied with this, then, Italy tigers and improved hook working head, designed the tyre dismounting machine is currently the worlds most advanced: AQUILA RAPTOR. This is a card shaft type tires removing machine, the most characteristic and the difficulty of change: the head by the pull hook upgrade to more advanced pneumatic rotary work head. At present, in addition to Italy, the worlds only two companies can produce such a machine: one is the tiger, and belong to the NEXION group of Italy Italy Keji Corporation (ARTIGLIO 50), and a China Company: vigorously (DL-828).轮胎拆胎机现实意义 汽车是发展国民经济的重要交通工具之一 ,随着我国国民经济的持续高速增长 ,汽车的保有量与日俱增 ,汽车维修行业也有了长足的发展 ,已形成了集车辆修理、维护、检测和配件供应等多种功能于一体的车辆技术状况保障体系。已成为道路运输行业的重要组成部分 ,对确保车辆安全行驶、高效低耗的运作 ,促进道路运输业的发展 ,发挥了有力的保障作用 ,随着经济体制改革的不断深入 ,我国汽车维修企业呈现出良好的发展趋势。十年来,我国的汽车保有量增长迅速 ,技术水平和档次也大大提高 ,原有的维修作业方式和生产经营管理模式 ,越来越不适应社会各方面对汽车维修的要求。加大技术投入和技术改造的力度 ,走内涵发展的道路 ,振兴汽车维修业 ,已经成为汽车维修界有识之士的共识 ,人们越来越体会到设备对维修能力的决定性。一些骨干维修企业千方百计地筹措资金 ,实施技术改造 ,改善作业体系。购置了汽车举升机、电子调漆机、轮胎平衡机、汽车喷烤漆房等先设备。同时 ,具有现代最新技术水平的发动机故障诊断仪、电子燃汽喷射系统检测诊断装置 ,车身校正测量仪、四轮定位仪、测功机和测滑仪等检测设备也开始广泛应用。从而 ,提高了企业在市场中的竞争能力 ,增加了行业发展后劲。通过技术改造行业内部结构得到调整和优化 ,改变了过去整车大修的单一模式 ,开始形成汽车大修、总成维修、汽车维修、汽车小修、汽车专项修理、汽车制造厂特约维修等门类齐全、分工合理的市场结构体系。基本满足了目前不同类型和不同作业项目的维修需要 ,汽车维修网点由大、中城市向外延伸 ,辐射各地形成网络。国内汽车维修业的发展在宏观上得到调控 ,维修能力不断提高 ,布局趋向合理。维修企业分布均衡 ,方位合理、方便。同时可以保证质量 ,维修需求也相对平衡。在市场经济的竞争与自行调节中 ,求得了生存与发展 ,彻底解决了维修市场不均衡的问题。即:修汽油车的企业多 ,修柴油车的企业少;修货车的企业多 ,修客车的企业少;变通型的修理企业多 ,特种车的企业少;修中型的多 ,修小型、重型汽车维修企业少。由于解决了此类问题 ,引导了一些企业向专业方向发展 ,彻底解决了维修高档车、轻型车、重型车难的问题。基本上形成以专业分工为主 ,布局合理 ,修理结构配套的汽车修理体系。促进汽车维修行业由计划经济向市场经济转轨的进程 ,建立完善了汽车维修市场 ,使汽车维修行业成为一个与国民经济发展相适应的技术先进、结构合理、专业分工明确、优质方便、秩序良好的维修体系 ,并以其良好的运行机制服务于各行各业。 本课题探讨的是适用于社区汽车维修服务的一种新型轮胎拆装机。据有关资料显示，高速路事故90是由轮胎引起的，作为最为重要的汽车易损件之一的轮胎的保养维修显得犹为重要。在维修轮胎的时候，一般都要把其拆解。传统的做法是用撬杠直接把外胎撬开，这种方法既费时费力又会对轮胎造成损伤。这种轮胎拆装机是适用四轮汽车维修使用的一种现代气压技术专用产品. 轮胎拆装机作为一种自动化程度高且安全可靠的新产品开发设计研究 ,有助与改善日益兴旺发达的汽车维修产业界劳动者的工作条件,降低劳动强度和维修成本, 提高汽车维修保养整体服务质量，对于改善汽车维修行业工作条件具有现实意义。 本课题设计生产的机器轮胎拆装机兼拆胎、装胎一体，其主要工作为卡爪和拆装头，卡盘的转动由电机直接提供动力，卡爪的夹紧、松开等动作均由气压系统提供动力支持。这是又于气压系统相对于其他机械系统来说具有结构简单，易制造以及容易实现自锁等优点，并且，可以简单地把充气功能附加上去。拆装机主要由机械动力系统、气压系统以及控制系统组成。如何使机械的结构合理分配是影响到拆装机的性能的主要原因。车轮拆装机高效率和不伤胎的特点使其在汽车维修行业中占有越来越重要的地位，并且逐渐成为每个维修厂不可或缺的工具。现状以及趋势 随着汽车数量的迅速增加汽车维修技术的不断发展与推广，拆装机的技术水平也正在迅速地提高。当前拆装机的发展水平和趋势具体表现在一下几个方面：(1)系列化。严格遵从意大利轮胎拆装机中大系列规范。工作盘装夹范围从10 in26 in，能够覆盖规定车型的任意扁平比的所有轮胎。(2)模块化。辅助臂，工作盘，打气表，鸟头，快速充气装置及其他附件可以实现多种模块组合搭配，更换灵活方便，予留有较大的升级空间，满足不同用户的不同需求。(3)自动化：1)在轮胎拆装过程中，模拟轮胎在拆装过程的脱胎和装胎力学模型，既保证了不会造成撕裂轮胎，又避免了拆装臂在自由状态受力反弹造成人身伤害提高了使用安全性。2)压胎轮和压胎块根据轮胎大小可在不同位置自动锁紧，操作高效方便且性能可靠。(4)控制系统的发展目前国内外的车轮拆装机的控制系统一般都是利用换向开关和气压换向阀来实现，其发展趋势是简单化、智能化。(5) 气压系统的集成化
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