【解析】北京市西城区2020届高三4月统一测试英语试题

1、本试卷共11页，120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在 试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993,1(hold) on May 15 every year. The day celeb

2、rates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people ' s understanding of issues are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).【答案】1. is held2. importance3. tha

3、t/which4. levels【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际家庭日。【1题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：国际家庭日于1993年由联合国发起，每年5月15日举行。根据everyyear可知时态是一般现在时，且主语是The International Day of Families ,因此此处要用被动语态。故填is held。【2题详解】考查名词。句意：这一天庆祝家庭的重要性。根据冠词the可知此处要用名词。故填importanceo【3题详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：它的目的是加深人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。此处是由that/which 引导的定语从句，主语是 people 

4、9; s understanding of is§ue物，且 that/which 在从句 中作主语。故填 that/which。【4题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：每年的这一天都有不同的主题，在地方、国家和国际各级举办各种 各样的活动。根据形容词national and international形式名词，由events可知此处要用复数形式。 故填 levels。【点睛】第1小题由every year可知考查了一般现在时的用法。一般现在时的用法： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如： The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up

5、at six every day.我每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的结构：1 .be动词：主语+be (am, is, are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2 .行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。般现在时常用的时间词：often, usually, sometimes, every day (we

6、ek, year.)等。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。For thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, A

7、ristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).【答案】5. re

8、corded6. in 7. precisely【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了几千年来，人们一直试图预测天气。由商代人们用兽骨和龟甲 记录天气预报到今天卫星数据和计算机技术帮助科学家更准确地预测天气。- 5 -【5题详解】考查时态。句意：在中国的商代，人们用兽骨和龟甲记录天气预报。此处需要谓语动词，根据during the Shang Dynasty可知时态是一般过去时。故填recorded。【6题详解】考查介词。句意：几个世纪后，哲学家亚里士多德在希腊写下了他关于天气条件如何形成的理论。in Greece在希腊。故填in。【7题详解】考查副词。句意：今天，卫星数据和计算机技术帮助科学家更

9、准确地预测天气。此处要用副词修饰动词 predict o故填precisely o【点睛】第1小题由during the Shang Dynasty可知考查了一般过去时的用法。一般过去时表示 过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago 等。I got up at 6:30 yesterday.我昨天 6:30 起床。My father was very busy last week.我父亲上周很忙。一般过去时肯定句的基本结构：“

10、主语+动词过去式+其他”或者“主语+was/were+其他”。I played tennis last weekend.我上周末打网球了。My school trip was great.我的学校郊游棒极了。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Last year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G

11、 network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei ' s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph,“ 5G is the innovatiorOthat (shape) all our lives for years tocome. " It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous ge

12、neration of cellular ( 蜂窝状 的)network technology.【答案】8. using9. will shape10. faster这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了去年，中国开始在几个城市测试5G移动网络。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了测试这个网络，上海市副市长吴青用华为的首款5G智能手机华为MateX打了一个电+话。卞据 made a phone call可知此处要用非谓语动词，Wu Qing与use之间是主动关系，要用现在分词。故填using。【9题详解】考查时态。句意：据每日电讯报报道，“ 5G是一项创新，将在未来几年塑造我们所有人 的生活。”根据fo

13、r years to come可知此处要用一般将来时，主语是that ,指的是the innovation。故填 will shape。【10题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：它比4G更快、更稳定，4G是上一代蜂窝网络技术。根据and morestable than可知此处要用形容词的比较级。故填faster。第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the

14、 Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. She ' d just returned from visitheg mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 11 on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on

15、Montauk Highway, and then wham! Out of nowhere a car T- boned Esposito ' s miniv n1 2her tomove backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 13 in the minivan, bruised （撞伤） but mostly just knocked out by the 14 and the airbags.As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 15 . He &#

16、39; d just closed his bookind was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 17 to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas （睡衣）,r

17、an out the door. " Any firefighter would have done what I did," he told Newsday." W6 re alwayson 18 .”19The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and20 Esposito ' s minivan

18、positioned on the railroadracks. And then he heard a terriblesound: the bells signaling an oncoming 21.“The gates were starting to come down," he told Newsday. "I see the headlight of the train.DiPinto ran quickly to Esposito' s minivan and knocked on the dwvedow. She ' s side22 lo

19、oked at him, her eyes unfocused. "I don ' t know where I am, " she said. Sheseemed unhurt. " Honey, you ' re on the railroad, “ DiPinto shouted. " We have to get you off right now! ” He pulled hard on the24, but the door was crashed in and25 . The heavy diesel train, trav

20、eling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast towardthem. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the 26.“ Please, don ' t let her be27 ,“ he thought. He pushed aside the deflating （瘪了 的）airbags, grabbed Esposito' sarms, and28 her toward him across the passenger seat until he could he

21、lp her out andquickly get her to 29behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, heestimated, the train crashed into the minivan."It was like a Hollywood movie," DiPinto toldreporters the next day.But this one had a twist."Last night, " South Country Ambulance chief Gr

22、eg Miglino told CBSNew York, “the30arrived in pajamas, not ina fire truck.11. A. droveB. walkedC. rodeD. hiked12. A. allowingB. forcingC. orderingD. reminding13. A. satB. stoodC. hidD. waited14. A. actionB. noiseC. impactD. bomb15. A. classB. workC. dinnerD. bed16. A. doctorB. driverC. firefighterD.

23、 engineer17. A. stoppedB. troubledC. intendedD. wanted18. A. dutyB. timeC. targetD. schedule19. A. warnedB. caughtC. hitD. followed20. A. observedB. spottedC. realizedD. predicted21. A. trainB. truckC. carD. ambulance22. A. yetB. justC. stillD. even23. A. yardsB. stationsC. bridgesD. tracks24. A. be

24、ltB. keyC. bellD. handle25. A.unlockedB. jammedC. openD. gone26. A.bagB. doorC. bookD. box27. A.scaredB. ignoredC. trappedD. defeated28. A.carriedB. rushedC. guidedD. pulled29. A.returnB. workC. safetyD. life30. A.policeB. actorC. reporterD. hero【答案】11. A 12. B13. A 14. C15. D 16. C 17. A18. A 19. C

25、20. B21. A 22. B23. D 24. D25. B 26. B 27. C28. D 29. C30. D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个夜晚发生了事故，埃斯波西托的小货车被撞了，落在铁轨上，皮特?迪平托听到声音立刻出来现场进行救助，火车就要来临前的几秒钟，这个英雄顺利挽救了司机的生命的感人故事。【 11 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她几乎是自动驾驶的：左转到车站路，然后左转到蒙托克高速公路，然后是膨的一声！ A. drove开车；B. walked走路；C. rode骑着；D. hiked远足，徒步旅行。根据上文she jumped into her Honda Od

26、yssey 可知她是开车的。故选A。【 12 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆不知道从哪儿冒出来的汽车撞毁了埃斯波西托的小货车，迫使她后退了大约100 英尺，落在铁轨上。A. allowing 允许； B. forcing 强迫； C. ordering 命令，指示； D. reminding 提醒。根据to move backward some 100 feet 可知她是被迫后退的。故选B。【 13 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. sat 坐； B. stood 站立； C. hid 躲藏； D. wa

27、ited 等待。 根据 knockedout 可知她当时是坐着车里的。故选A。【 14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. action 行动； B. noise 噪音， 响声； C. impact 影响， 效果； D. bomb炸弹。根据the airbags可知这是被撞击造成的影响。故选C。- # -【 15 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情发生时，皮特迪平托正准备睡觉。A. class班级；B. work工作； C. dinner 晚餐； D. bed 床。 根据下文He d just closed hi

28、s book and was getting under the covers可知此处他准备上床睡觉。故选D。【 16 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师。A. doctor 医生； B. driver司机； C. firefighter 消防队员；D. engineer 工程师。 根据下文“ Any firefighter would have done whatI did, " he told News（0y口他是一名志愿消防员。故选C。【 17 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：64 岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师，他没有停下来去思考

29、发生了什么。A. stopped 停下； B. troubled 麻烦； C. intended 打算； D. wanted 想要。根据下文 He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas （睡衣），ran out the door.这系歹U动作可知他听到声音后没有停下来思考就出去了。故选A。【 18 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“任何消防员都会做我做的事，”他告诉新闻日报 。“我们总是在坚守岗位。"A. duty责任；B. time时间；C. target 目标；D. schedule计划表。on duty值班

30、，上班。符合消防员的工作性质。故选A。【 19 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在离前院2000英尺的地方发现的第一辆车就是撞到埃斯波西托的那辆。A. warned 警告； B. caught 捕捉； C. hit 撞击，打击，袭击；D. followed 跟着，听从。根据上文 Out of nowhere a car T-boned Esposito ' s minivan知这是撞击了埃斯波西托的那辆车。故选C。【 20 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当迪平托断定司机安然无恙时，他环顾四周，发现埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。A. observed 观察； B. spotted

31、发现； C. realized 实现， 意识到；D. predicted预测，预报。根据他的动作concluded 和 looked around 可知此处表示他发现了埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。故选B。【 21 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 然后他听到一声可怕的声音：火车驶来的钟声。A. train 火车； B. truck卡车； C. car 小汽车；D. ambulance 救护车。根据下文“ I see the headlight of the train. 可知此处 ”- 7 -29 题详解】表示听到火车驶来的钟声。故选A。【 22 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她只是看着

32、他，眼神不集中。A. yet 还，但是，已经；B. just 仅仅，只是； C. still 仍然； D. even 甚至，即使。根据her eyes unfocused 可知她当时不清醒，所以只能看着迪平托而没有其他反应。故选B 。【 23 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“亲爱的，你在铁轨上，”迪平托喊道。 A. yards 院子； B. stations车站； C. bridges 桥； D. tracks 轨道。根据上文Esposito s minivan positioned on the railroad tracks可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroad tracks 铁轨。故选

33、D。【 24 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A. belt 腰带， 地带；B. key 钥匙； C. bell 铃，钟声；D. handle 把手，柄。根据but the door 可知他抓的是门把手。故选 D。【 25 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A. unlocked 打开的； B. jammed 卡住的，拥堵的；C. open 公开的，敞开的，打开的；D. gone 消失的。根据but the door was crashed in 可知此处表示门被卡住了。故选B。【 26 题详解】考查名词词义

34、辨析。句意：迪平托跑副驾驶的位置，把门打开。A. bag 书包，背包；B. door门；C. book书本；D. box箱，盒子。根据 DiPinto ran to the passenger side可知他跑到另一边去开门。故选B。【 27 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“求求你，别让她被困住了，”他想。 A. scared害怕；B. ignored忽略， 不理睬； C. trapped 困住； D. defeated 打败。 根据上文but the door was crashed in and jammed可知此处表示困住之意。故选C。【 28 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他推开泄

35、气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从副驾驶座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。 A. carried 携带； B. rushed 匆促， 急忙； C. guided 导向； D. pulled 拉， 牵引。 根据 grabbedEsposito ' s arms他把埃斯波西托拉拽出来。故选 D。- 11 -考查名词词义辨析。句意：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从乘客座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A. return返回，恢复；B. work产品，工厂，文学

36、，工作； C. safety安全；D. life生命，生活。根据常识和behind a signal box a few feet away 可知此处表示安全地带。故选C。【 30 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： “昨天晚上， ”南部地区救护车负责人 Greg Miglino 告诉纽约哥伦比亚广播公司，"英雄是穿着睡衣来的，不是坐消防车来的。"A. police警察；B. actor演员；C. reporter 记者； D. hero 英雄。根据arrived in pajamas 可知此处指的是迪平托，他在危急时刻救了埃斯波西托，是一个英雄。故选D 。【点睛】完形填空的

37、解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 5 小题要求判断迪平托要做什么，根据下文He' d just closed his book and was getting under the covers知此处他准备上床睡觉。故选 D 项。第 13 小题要求判断埃斯波西托当时身处哪里，根据上文Esposito sminivan positioned on therailroad tracks 可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroad tracks 铁轨。故选D 项。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小

38、题2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhat it doesThe self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic （ 光 催 化 ） andblacklight technology. A light source activates the door s handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. Ican minimize the risk of infection

39、by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space.How it worksThe working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively decompose bacteria （ 细 菌 ） on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light source inside a transparent glass door handle is required

40、to activate the door s handle coating onthe outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself.Design processWe made the first version by using stainless steel

41、. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.How it is differentOur innovative design is simple, effective, and attractive

42、. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in today s world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemicalcleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use.

43、In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.Future plansIn the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping ma

44、lls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.AwardsIn addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also received the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition.31. How does the self-cleaning doo

45、r handle function?A. It controls the door movement automatically.B. It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.C. Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.32. Compared with the first version of the product, the pres

46、ent one is .A. safer and cheaperB. cleaner and easierC. less heavy and more effectiveD. more attractive and expensive33. What do we know about the new invention according to the passage?A It has been widely used in public areas.B. It has received recognition for its innovation.C. It is quite competi

47、tive among similar products.D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.【答案】31. D32. C33. B这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了结合先进的光催化和黑光技术的自洁门把手。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据 What it does 中 A light source activates the door' s hnadle coating, telling it to start cleaning. 一个光源激活门把手涂层，告诉它开始清洁。可知，光源指示门把手涂层自行清洁。故选D项。3

48、2题详解】细节理解题。根据 Design process 中 We made the first version by using stainless steel. However, itcaused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. Wealso improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a lightsource

49、.我们用不锈钢做了第一个版本。然而，它使门把手更重了。然后，我们尝试了铝，这使它很轻，很容易4可知，与第一代相上轻也更有效。故选【33题详解】推理判断题。根据because there are似的产品。以及Gold Award, and in了获得詹姆斯戴此判断出，这款产百0故选This little Sout电机的输出，有效地将能量从门的运动转化为光源。C项。nt 中 In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique designucts.在门锁和门把手市场，它是一个独特的设计，因为没有类addition to winning t

50、he James Dyson Award, it has also received theatured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition. 除金奖，并在 2016年参加了第44届日内瓦国际发明展。由B项。penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, everyyear in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairytale

51、, but it ' s true!71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro,- 13 -Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguinwas covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, na

52、ming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn t leave.“ He stayed with me for 11 mon

53、ths and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared, ” Joao recalls. “ I love the penguin like it s my own child and I believe the penguin loveme,“ Joao told Globo TV “ No one else is allowed to touch him. He peck螂）them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showe

54、rs, and allows me to feed him.”Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV , told TheIndependent:“ I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penngbueilieves Joao is part ofhis family and probably a penguin as well.”However, environmentalists warn that,

55、while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known tonaturally migrate （ 迁徙 ） thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Brazil s beaches. Professor David Zee from Riode Janeiro s State University, said the increase

56、 is due in part to global climatic changes. ProfessorZee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets.Professor Krajewski said:“ Professionals who work wi

57、th animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case theauthorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.34. Every year Din swims a long distance toA. avoid being killedC. escape from ocean currents35. When Din was found in 2011 .A. he was dyingC. he was resting on