(完整版)各种数学名词的英语翻译

1、各种数学名词的英语翻译数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.) 命题proposition算术arithmetic加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend 和 sum 减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend减数subtrahend差 remainder

2、乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend乘数 multiplicator积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数 dividend 除数 divisor 商 quotient等于equals, is equalto, isequivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greaterthan小于等于is equal or lesserthan

3、运算符 operator平均数 mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n 次方根倒数 ( reciprocal ) x 的倒数为1/x有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数 real number虚数imaginary number数字digit数 number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比 ratio正 positive负 negative零 nul

4、l, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权 weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial,multinomial系数 coefficient未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-fac

5、tor, z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth powern 次方 the power of n, the nth power开方 evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次

6、方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four,the fourth rootn 次方根 the root of n, thenth rootsqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732sqrt(5)=2.236常量constant变量variable坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis,z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点 origin象限 quadrant截距 ( 有正负之分)intercede(方程的)解solution几何 geometry点 point线 line面 plane体 sol

7、id线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角 angle反正割arc secant椭圆ellipse角度degree反余割arc cosecant圆周 circumference弧度radian补充：轨迹locus, loca(pl.)锐角acute angle集合aggregate平行六面体parallelepiped直角right angle元素element立方体cube钝角obtuse angle空集void七面体heptahedron平角straight angle子集subset八面体octahedron周角perigon交集intersect

8、ion九面体enneahedron底 base并集union十面体decahedron边 side补集complement十一面体hendecahedron高 height映射mapping十二面体dodecahedron三角形triangle函数function二十面体icosahedron锐角三角形acute triangle定义域domain, field of多面体polyhedron直角三角形right triangledefinition旋转rotation直角边leg值域range轴 axis斜边hypotenuse单调性monotonicity球 sphere勾股定理Pytha

9、gorean theorem奇偶性parity半球hemisphere钝角三角形obtuse triangle周期性periodicity底面undersurface不等边三角形scalene图象image表面积surface areatriangle数列，级数series体积volume等腰三角形isosceles微积分calculus空间spacetriangle微分differential双曲线hyperbola等边三角形equilateral导数derivative抛物线parabolatriangle极限limit四面体tetrahedron四边形quadrilateral无穷大in

10、finite(a.)五面体pentahedron平行四边形parallelograminfinity(n.)六面体hexahedron 菱形rhomb,矩形rectangle无穷小infinitesimalrhombus, rhombi(pl.),长 length积分integraldiamond宽 width定积分definite integral正方形square周长perimeter不定积分indefinite integral梯形trapezoid面积area复数complex number直角梯形right trapezoid相似similar矩阵matrix等腰梯形isoscele

11、s trapezoid全等congruent行列式determinant五边形pentagon三角trigonometry六边形hexagon正弦sine圆 circle七边形heptagon余弦cosine圆心centre(BrE),八边形octagon正切tangentcenter(AmE)九边形enneagon余切cotangent半径radius十边形decagon正割secant直径diameter十一边形hendecagon余割cosecant圆周率pi十二边形dodecagon反正弦arc sine弧 arc多边形polygon反余弦arc cosine半圆semicircle正

12、多边形equilateral polygon反正切arc tangent扇形sector反余切arc cotangent环 ring相位phase周期periodabsolute value绝对concentric circle同心振幅amplitude值圆内心 incentre(BrE),acute angle锐角cone圆锥 （体积incenter(AmE)adjacent angle邻角=1/3*pi*r*r*h)外心 excentre(BrE),addition加congruent全等的excenter(AmE)algebra代数consecutive integer连旁心 escen

13、tre(BrE),altitude高续的整数escenter(AmE)angle bisector角平coordinate坐标的垂心 orthocentre(BrE),分线cost成本orthocenter(AmE)arc弧counterclockwise逆重心 barycentre(BrE),area面积时针方向barycenter(AmE)arithmetic mean算术cube1.立方数内切圆inscribed circle平均值（总和除以总数）2.立方体（体外切圆circumcirclearithmetic progression积=a*a*a表面积=6*a*a )统计statist

14、ics等差数列（等差级数）cylinder圆柱体平均数averagearm直角三角decagon十边形加权平均数weighted average形的股decimal小数方差varianceat总计 （乘法）decimal point小数点标准差root-mean-squareaverage平均值decreased减少deviation, standardbase底decrease to减少到deviationbe contained in位decrease by减少了比例propotion于 . 上degree角度百分比percentbisect平分define1.定义百分点percentag

15、ecenter圆心2. 化简百分位数percentilechord弦denominator分母排列permutationcircle圆形denote代表，表组合combinationcircumference圆周示概率，或然率probability长depreciation折旧分布distributioncircumscribe外切，distance距离正态分布normal distribution外接distinct不同的非正态分布abnormalclockwise顺时针dividend1.被除distribution方向数 2. 红利图表graphclosest approximation

16、最divided evenly被除条形统计图bar graph相近似的数柱形统计图histogramcombination组合divisible可整除折线统计图broken line graphcommon divisor公约的曲线统计图curve diagram数，公因子division1.除 2.扇形统计图pie diagramcommon factor公因部分子divisor除数complementary angles余down payment预付角（二角和为90 度）款，定金composite number合数equation方程数学中常用单词术语（可被除1 及本身以外其它的数equi

17、lateraltriangle等abscissa横坐标整除）边三角形even number偶数mark down降价power次方（2expression表达maximum最大值的 5 次方=the fifth power ofexterior angle外角median, medium中数2）face（立体图形（把数字按大小排列，若为奇数prime factor质因子的）某一面项，则中间那项就为中数，若为prime number质数factor因子偶数项，则中间两项的算术平均product乘积fraction1.分数值为中数。例：（1 ，3， 8）其中profit利润2. 比例数为3； （1

18、 ，3，8，9） 其中数为proper fraction真分geometric mean几何(3+8)/2=5 )数平均值（N 个数的乘积再开N 次median of a triangle三proportion比例方）角形的中线purchasing price买价geometric progression等mid point中点quadrant象限比数列（等比级数）minimum最小值quadrihedrogon四角have left剩余minus减锥height高multiplication乘法quadrilateral四边hexagon六边形multiple倍数形hypotenuse斜边m

19、ultiply乘quotient商improper fraction假分natural number自然ratio比例数数rational有理数increase增加negative number负数radius半径（复increase by增加了nonzero非零数为radii ）increase to增加到number lines数线radian弧度inscribe内切，内numerator分子real number实数接obtuse angle钝角reciprocal倒数intercept截距octagon八边形rectangle长方形integer整数odd number奇数rectan

20、gular prism长interest rate利率ordinate纵坐标方体in terms of.用 .overlap重叠reduced减少表达parallel lines平行regular polygon正多interior angle内角线边形intersect相交parallelogram平行remainder余数irrational无理数四边形retail value零售价isosceles triangle等pentagon五边形rhombus菱形腰三角形per capita每人right angle直角least common multiple最perimeter周长right triangle直角小公倍数permu