外研版选修八module1重点知识与练习

1、9 / 6I .单词荟萃1. explorer adj.探险者f explore vt.探险；勘探f n.（对某地区的）勘探2. adj.荒凉的，不适宜居住的fhospitable adj.好客的fhospitality n .殷勤好客3. commercial adj.商业的f n .商业；贸易4. promote v .促进，增进f n.提升；晋升；促进5. adj.正式的，仪式性的fceremony n.仪式典礼；礼节；礼仪6. n.缺乏；没有fabsent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的7. tiresome adj.烦人的；令人讨厌的；令人厌倦的f adj.疲劳的；累的；厌倦的；厌烦

2、的ftiring adj.引起疲劳的;累人的8. depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的fdepress v.使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉f adj.沮丧的；消沉的9. discourage v.阻止；打消的念头f v.鼓舞；鼓励fcourage n.勇气10 .adj.常规的；普通的fconvention n .常规，习俗11 .n.鼓舞；启示finspire v.鼓舞；激励finspiring adj.鼓舞人心的adapt to stand out set foot on come into sight be trapped break up set up camp come up

3、 with take a riskkeep one s spirits up keep one s promise in particular in case ofn .短语检测1适应2突出；显眼 3进入；到达4进入视野5陷入，被困在6 （使 ）破裂，分解7扎营8想出（主意等）9. 冒险10. 精神抖擞，保持高昂的情绪11. 遵守诺言12尤其，特别13万一m .佳句再现1 Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which its extreme conditions.但是南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。2 Antarctica

4、was the last continent .南极洲是最后一个被发现的大陆。3 We re radio and electronic communications.除了有无线电和电子通信，我们完全是与世隔绝的。4 Medical assistance is available .万一有紧急情况你可以获得医疗救助。5 Not until the late 18th century James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。W .单元语法Re

5、view of subjects ； Review of verbs1 state n 州， 国家， 政府； 状态， 状况； 情况， 情形 vt.(to express sth. in spoken or written words ， esp carefully， fully and clearly) 陈述或说明(某事 )(尤指仔细、详尽而明确地) in a state of/in astate 处于状况a poor state of health健康欠佳state school国立学校(2) state one s views 陈述自己的见解(3) make/issue a stateme

6、nt发表声明【活学活用】(1) The house was 那房子很脏。.(state)He positively that he had never seen the man.(state)他肯定地说他从未见过那个男子。2 value n .价值；用途，积极作用vt.评价，估价；重视(1) good value (for money) ( 钱 )花得值；物有所值没有价值的；没有用的重视；珍视估 (某物的)价位很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的无价的，非常珍贵的没有价值的；不值钱的of no value(2) value as value at (3) valuable adj. invaluable

7、 adj. valueless adj.【易混辨析】price， cost， value， worth ， charge 和 expense(1) price 意为“价钱”，指卖方对物品所要求的价格，高于cost。(2) cost 意为“代价，成本”，指对货物所付的一切代价，如制作、包装、运输费用。(3) value 意为“价值”，指按人的主观判断，对物品本身内在用途的评价。如：I paid him $500 for the painting ， but its real value must be about $50,000. 这幅画我付给他500 美元，但它真正的价值大约是 50,000

8、美元。(4) worth 意为“价值”，指物体本身永远不变的价值，含着一定数量的金额，用法比较特殊。如：ten poundsworth of apples 价值 10 英镑的苹果(5) charge 意为“索价，收费，费用”，指为其提供服务后所要求付的价钱，也可以用作动词。常用短语：charge sb.钱for sth.； free of charge 免费。(6) expense意为“开支，花费”，指对的实际开支金额。常用短语：at the expense of; at one' s expense(以为开支或代价)。【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子(1) He the house

9、 for me at 20,000 pounds.那栋房子他替我估价20,000 英镑。(2) I very much.我非常重视你的建议。(3) This car is your money.这辆汽车你买得很合算。2 .根据语境选用 price , cost, value, worth , charge或 expense填空(1) Marriage and other have made me poor.(2) What is the for a day at the hotel?(3) Most restaurants now include the tip in the of the m

10、eal.(4) The use of cheap labor helped to keep down.(5) The winner will receive ten pounds of books.3 trap v.使陷入圈套，使中计；使陷入困境；卡住，夹住n.圈套；陷阱(1) be trapped _ (to be in a bad situation from which you cannot escape) 被困在/陷入困境(2) fall into a trap 上当，落入圈套lay a trap for 给设圈套【情景记忆】OucIk I fall into a trap!【活学活用

11、】1 .根据汉语意思完成句子The firefighters were trying to rescue those the burning hotel.消防队员们正在努力营救困在燃烧着的旅馆里面的那些人。2 .单项填空The fox fell into the the hunters had set for it.A . bush B . trap C. trick D. circlebush树丛；trap陷阱；trick把戏;【解析】B 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：狐狸落入猎人给它设计的陷阱里。circle圈，圆圈。4 promote vt.促进，推动；促销，推销；提升，晋升(1) prom

12、otion n .提升，提拔；晋级；推广(2) promote sb. fromto 某人从提升/晋升至promote growth/understanding促进增长/了解【活学活用】(1) Your job is.你的工作是促销这一新产品。(2) The young army officer the rank of captain.这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。(5) discourage vt.使气馁；阻碍(1) discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人别做某事(2) discouraged adj.感到泄气的(3) discouraging adj.令人泄气的【

13、活学活用】1 .根据汉语意思完成句子Hearing the result , he felt.听了这个令人泄气的结果，他感到很泄气。2,单项填空The college students in China are from smoking on campus because this will do them no good.A . discouragedB . observedC. obeyedD . obtained【解析】 A 本题考查动词辨析。句意为：中国的大学生被劝阻别在大学吸烟，因为这对他们没有任何好处。相对observe "观察"，obey "遵守&q

14、uot;，obtain "获得"，只有discourage表示"劝阻"，符合题意。 6 risk n.风险；冒险 vt.冒的危险(1) risky adj. 充满危险或风险的；有很大危险或风险的(2) risk one s health/fortune/life冒丧失健康/财富/生命之险(3) take a risk (risks)/take the risk of doing sth.冒险 (做可能失败或有危险的事)run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事at the risk of doing sth. 冒做某事的危险at ri

15、sk 有危险；冒风险【经典句式】There is a risk that 有的风险。【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子(1) He to save mine.他冒着生命危险来救我。(2) By criticizing her boss ， she risked .批评老板，她冒着丢掉职位之险。(3) the crisis may spread further. 危机有进一步蔓延的风险。2单项填空It would be a risk to let the child go to school by himself.A runningB followingC passingD carrying【解

16、析】A 句意为：让孩子单独去学校是冒风险的事。run a risk意思是“冒风险”短语更为重要袖手旁观；支持代表；意指站起来维护，支持经得起(检验)站住，不许动。1 stand out 出色，杰出；更为重要 stand by stand for stand up stand up for sb./sth. stand up(to sth.) Stand still.【活学活用】1根据语境用stand 短语的适当形式填空(1) Her work from the rest as easily the best.(2) How can you and let him treat his dog l

17、ike that?2单项填空I have no idea what these two letters .A stand upB stand byC stand forD stand atstand for 代表。【解析】C 句意为：我不知道这两个字母代表什么。stand up起立；stand by支持，袖手旁观;2 break up (使 )断开；(使 )破碎；破裂；解散break away 突然离开；逃走；脱离；放弃break out发生；爆发break through突破；克服；打破break down失败，落空；出故障；（健康，情绪等）崩溃，垮掉【活学活用】根据语境用break 短语的

18、适当形式填空（1） She from him and ran to the window.（2） What s worse， his marriage has just .（3） Several demonstrators（示威者）the barriers despite warnings from the police.（4） You will sooner or later if you go on ignoring your health.I .单词拼写1 The president came under （严厉的）criticism for his handling of the cr

19、isis.2 The Prime Minister s visit will p the cooperation between the two countries.3 I m （ 极度 ）sorry for the delay.4 We （权衡） the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages and decided to move to the country.5 If you meet with any difficulty in your study ， don t be d.n .选词填空fail to

20、 ， on average，discourage sb. from doing ，break out，date back to1 He never write to his mother every week.2 The history of humanity may the Ice Age.3 Should another world war , what would become of human beings?4 , 15 pounds worth of goods is stolen every day.5 We giving up the job and he followed ou

21、r advice.m .单项填空6 I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have . So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A broken upB finished upC divided upD closed up【解析】A 本题考查动词短语辨析。break up 断绝关系；finish up 结果成为，最终到来；divide up 分担，分配，分享；close up （伤口）愈合。2How about your journey to Mount Em

22、ei? Everything was wonderful except that our car twice on the way.A slowed downB broke downC got downD put down【解析】B 本题考查动词短语辨析。答语的意思是：除了我们的车在途中抛锚了两次外，一切都顺利。break down抛锚，出故障；slow down 减速，慢下来；get down 记下，写下；put down 放下，记下，镇压。所以该题的答案为B项。3 Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleanin

23、g it.A he stoppedB did he stopC stopped heD he did stop【解析】B 本题考查倒装。not until 位于句首，要求主句部分倒装。4 I had to apologize to Mr Smith for to keep the appointment.A tryingB failingC trying notD not failing【解析】B 句意为：我因为没能赴约不得不向斯密斯先生道歉。fail to do sth.没能做某事。for后面用动名词形式。5 Does this car give you good for your money?A valueB priceC worthD cost【解析】A good value for money 值得花那么多的钱。6 The of his clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing football.A stateB conditionC occasion