职称英语等级考试卫生AB级模拟试题(三)

1、职称英语等级考试卫生AB级模拟试题(三一、单选题(词汇选项(第115题,每题1分,共15分 。下面共有l5个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。1、The committee comprises five persons.A absorbsBconcernsC excludesDinvolves标准答案: d2、We derive knowledge mainly from booksAdepriveB obtainC descendDtrace标准答案: b3、The room was furnished wit

2、h the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a tableAsuppliedB gatheredCgraspedDmade标准答案: a4、The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.AmotivateB combineCcompactDnominate标准答案: b5、He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides.AfavorableB possibleCfor

3、malDgenuine标准答案: b6、When does the next train depart?Apull upB pull downCpull outDpull in标准答案: c7、Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.AadjustingB evaluatingCengagingDmanaging标准答案: d8、The town is notable (Afor its beautiful scenery in winter.AsimilarB pro

4、mptCprofoundDfamous标准答案: d9、He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines.AsuperviseB watchCsuspectDpredict标准答案: a10、Soldiers have to obey orders.Areply toB apply forCabide withDcomply with标准答案: d 11、The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster.

5、A delayedBquickC positiveD unfavorable标准答案: d12、It is said that the house along the street will soon be demolished.A pulled downB rebuiltC renovatedD whitewashed标准答案: a13、In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue.A extremely thoroughB long and strongC crazyD unconvinci

6、ng标准答案: a14、These are our motive for doing it.A reasonsB argumentsC targetsD stimulus标准答案: a15、Do you think there is any likelihood of his agreeing to it?A respectB occasionC prospectD anticipation标准答案: c二、匹配题(16、第二部分:阅读判断(每题1分,共七分,建议12分钟以内完成阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了七个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把

7、A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑难度A/B级tanning parlors take heatPeople who seek a glamorous tan through sun lamps may double their risk of developing common types of skin cancer, according to a new study that found the risk was highest for those who start at a young age.The study

8、, appearing in the latest issue of Journal of the U.S.National Cancer Institute, concluded that people who use tanning devices were 1.5 to 2.5 times more 1ikely to have common kinds of skin cancer than were people who did not use the devices.The study confirmed what doctors have long suspectedthat s

9、un lamp use increases the risk of basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers,said Margaret R.Karagas,first author of the study.Either going to the tanning parlor,or getting an infrequent sunburn can seriously damage the skin,said Dr.James Spencer,vice chairman of the department of dermatology at Moun

10、t Hospital, but the small.day.to.day exposure is worse for the skin in the long run.Joseph A.Levy,vice president of the International Smart Tan Network,however,said occasional sunburn “is a risk factor in all forms of skin cancer and intermittent sunburn is what the tanning industry is trying to sto

11、p.In the study, Karagas and her colleagues interviewed 603 basal eell skin cancer patients and 293 with squamous eell skin cancer.They talked to 540 control subjects, who did not have either type of skin cancer.About l million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer.Among those skin cancer

12、 patients,about 80 percent are with basal cell skin cancer,16 percent,with squamous cell skin cancer and 4 percent, with melanoma.the most serious form of skin cancers.Back to the interviewed patients,190 reported that they had used tanning devices at some time.In the control groups, only 75 had use

13、d such devices.Karagas said a statistical analysis shows that those who used tanning equipment were 2.5 times more likely to get squamous cell skin cancer than those who had not used the devices.For basal cell cancer.the risk was 1.5 times greater.The risk was highest for those who first used the ta

14、nning devices before the age of 20, said Karagas.For this group,the squamous cell cancer risk was 3.6 times greater than that of the controls while the basal cell cancer risk was 1.3 times greater.练习:1.The passage confirms that using tanning equipment is harmful to ones health.A.RightB.WrongC.Not me

15、ntioned2.The highest rate of skin cancers is found in teenagers who use sun lamps frequently.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3.Melanoma is a more serious cancer than lung cancer.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4.Karagas reported her research results basing on interviews with a group of skin cancer patient

16、s and a control group of people with no skin cancers.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned标准答案: A,B,C,A,B,B本题分数: 4.00 分,你答题的情况为错误所以你的得分为 0 分17、5.Doctor James Spencers argument implies that in the long run,getting all infrequent sunburn is worse than the small.day-to-day exposure.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentione

17、d6.The passage mentions three forms of skin cancers, of which squamous cell skin cancer is the most dangerous. .A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7.It is implied in Mr.Levys argument(Paragraph 5that frequent exposure to sun lamps is safe.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned标准答案: B,B,A 18、第三部分:概括大意与完成句子(每题1分,共8分

18、,建议10分钟以内完成阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:(11-4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项,分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。难度B/C级China seek donors to narrow bone marrow(骨髓gap1 China has launched a campaign to recruit more bone marrow donors,amid a shortage of funds as well as of sibling donors who co

19、uld help the growing number of patients in need of life-saving transplants,state media reported on Monday.2 The Chinese Red Cross began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffering from leukaemia, thalassaemia and other blood diseases and awaiting bone

20、marrow transplants,the official China Daily said.Every year China has 40,000 new leukaemia patients,most of them under 35 and 50 per cent of them children, the newspaper said.Other reports have linked Chinas growing childhood leukaemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration.3

21、 With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors, weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of Chinas one-child policy, doctors rely on donors from Taiwan to save many young leukaemia patients,the Beijing Evening News said last weekend.Taiwan,with a population of 22 million,has 210,

22、000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30,000 donors among mainland Chinas 1.3 billion people.the newspaper said.4 Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of funding for testing and recording data on potential donors rather than a lack of volunteers,the newspaper said.China need

23、s a pool of at least 100.000 donors but testing them would cost more than 50 million yuan (6 million dollars, it said.5 The Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation said it has helped “a handful” of patients inBeijing,Shanghai and other cities.The number of requests is increasing from mainlandChina;includi

24、ng direct calls to the charity from desperate patients or relatives.said the foundations donor coordinator Marven Chin.But the cost of extracting bone marrow from one of the foundations 40,000 registered donors and flying it by courier has to be borne by the patients, and many of them have to be aid

25、ed financially,Chin said.1. Paragraph 22. Paragraph 33. Paragraph 44. Paragraph 5A Urgent Need for Both Donors and FundsB Shortage of DonorsC Desperate Leukaemia PatientsD Seriousness of the Current SituationE Shortage of FundsF Comparison Between Mainland and Hong Kong and Taiwan标准答案: D,B,E,A19、5.

26、It seems that many of the recipients are not rich enough6. At present the number of bone marrow donors in mainland China is7. Some solvents and building materials are considered8. Obviously,recruiting voluntary bone marrow donors in mainland China isA about one percent of the total populationB to be

27、 responsible for childhood leukaemiaC an urgent and tough task to be accomplishedD less than one third of the minimumE an expensive cost to be paidF to afford the cost of bone marrow transplantationF标准答案: F,D,B,C 20、第四部分:阅读理解(每题3分,共45分,建议40分钟以内完成下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选

28、项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。难度B/C级Cigars InsteadSmoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip,tongue,mouth,and throat,according to a government study.Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus,and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx(voiceb

29、oxsixfold ,say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda,Maryland.In addition,the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers.The h

30、ealth effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article“Cigars:Health Effects and Trends.”The researchers report that,compared with a cigarette,a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines. "This article provides clear and invaluable info

31、rmation about the disturbing increase incigar use and the significant public health consequences4 for the country,”said Dr.Richard Klausner director of the National Cancer Institute,in a statement.“The data are clearthe harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke,likecigarettes,are associated

32、with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases.”he added.“In other words,cigars are not safe alternatiyes to cigarettes”and may be addictive.”“To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars,our advice isdont.To those currently smoking cigars,qu

33、itting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer, heart and 1ung disease risks,”warned K1ausner.According to a National Cancer Institute press release,there havent been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events,but“a significant body of evidence clearly demonstr

34、ates all increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke.”练习:1.According co the report,smoking three orfour cigars a dayAincreases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokers.Bgreatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers.Cincreases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers,Dgreatly incr

35、eases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers.2.In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily?ASix.BSeven.CEight.DNine.3.What is the main idea of the article“Cigars:Health Effects and Trends”?AWhenitcomesto cancer,cigars arenotany saferthan cigarettes.BCigars

36、 may be addictive while cigarettes are not easily so.CCigars contain less harmful substances than cigarettes.DIncrease in cigar-smoking does not affect public health much.4.What is the doctorsadvice to those cigar-smokers?ATo give it up completely.BTogiveuppartofit.CNot to think about it any more.DT

37、o cure the diseases first.5.In the context of this passage,“secondhand smoke”meansAsmoking bad-quality cigars.Bsmoking very cheap cigars.Cbeing near cigar smokers when they are not smoking.Dbeing near cigar smokers when they are smoking.标准答案: D,B,A,A,D21、难度B/A级High Stress May Damage MemoryAccording

38、to a report issued in May 1998,elderly people who have consistently high blood levels of cortisol dont score as well on memory tests as their peers with 10wer levels of thestress hormone.Whats more.high 1evels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking of the hippocampus,a region of the brain th

39、at plays a key role in learning and memory.The findings suggest that even cortisol levels in the normal,“healthy”range can actually accelerate brain aging.The study results“now provide substantial evidence that longterm exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elde

40、rly humans,”write Nada Porter and Philip Landfield of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial.Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands,which sit on top of the kidneys.Over a 5 to 6-year period,Dr.Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24-0hour c

41、ortiso1 levels in 51 healthy volunteers,most of Whom were in their 70s.Despite wide variation in cortis01 levels.the participants could be divided into three subgroups:those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high (increasing/high;those whose cortisol progressively in

42、creased over time and was currently moderate(increasing/moderate;and subjects whose cortisol decreased, but was currently moderate(decreasing/moderate.The researchers tested the volunteersmemory on six people in the increasing/high category and five people in the decreasing/moderate group.The groups

43、 did not differ on tests of immediate memory,but the increasing/high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing/moderate group.The researchers also found that the total volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing/high group was 14%lower than those in the

44、decreasing/moderate group, although there were no differences in other brain regions.The results suggest that“brain aging Can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within this normal range is related to variation in the rate o

45、f brain aging,”write Porter and Landfield.“This further suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus.”练习:1. The part of the brain important for a persons learning and memory isAthe cortiso1.Bthe adrenal glands.Cthe stress hormonesDthe hippocampus.2.When the levels of cort

46、isol go higher,the hippocampus in the brain mayAbecome larger.Bbecome smaller.Cdisappear completely.Dbe totally damaged.3.According to the article,when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork,Athe adrenal glands will produce a stress hormone.Bthe kidneys will produce adrenal glands.

47、Cthe hippocampus will produce high levels of cortisol in the blood.Dthe brain will work more effectively.4.It appears that when the total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller as a result of high blood levels of cortisol,other brain regionsA become smaller too.Bbecome larger.Cmay remain the same

48、 in size.Dmaybe damaged.5.The research conducted by Porter and Landfield shows thatAchanges in the levels of adrenal hormones have nothing to do with brain agingBchanges in the levels of adrenal hormones may affect brain aging.Cchronic stress may strengthen a mans memory.Dthe rate of brain aging alw

49、ays remains stable.标准答案: D,B,A,C,B 22、难度A级Education of Students with Vision ImpairmentsThis is specially designed education for children who are either partially sighted or blind. Vision impairments are diagnosed by medical doctors who examine the physical structures in the eye and evaluate the chil

50、ds ability to see shapes of different sizes at various distances.In the United States,approximately 12 out of l,000 children receive some form of special educationbecause of visual impairments.Partially sighted children may use a variety of adaptive aids to see more clearly and to readprinted text.T

51、hese aids include magnifiers,which may be attached to eyeglasses;electronic systems for enlarging print and making it easier to see; and large-print books.Blind children usually are taught to read Braille,a system of raised dots embossed on paper and read by touch. In the past,turning conventional b

52、ooks into pages of Braille was very time-consuming, and the large books required enornlous storage areas.However, most Braille texts are now done electronically. Many students read paperless Braille with the aid of machines that mechanically raise the dots in a small panel as the reader progresses t

53、hrough the text.Because Braille cannot beread very rapidly,many blind students prefer to listen to books being read on tapes.Some students also use reading machines equipped with cameras that scan lines of print,which computers then convert to synthesized speech.Many blind and partially sighted chil

54、dren receive orientation and mobility training as a part of their education.Specialists teach them how to travel independently in their schools and communities,often with an aid,such as a cane.Most children with vision impairments are educated in schools within their communities. Vision specialists

55、may provide special materials and equipment,help teachers and classmates understand the childrens condition,and possibly provide additional instruction.The specialists may also teach partially sighted children how to use their remaining vision more effectively and instruct them in the use of adaptiv

56、e aids.Some children with vision impairments attend special schools designed to meet their particular needs.Like boarding schools,these schools often provide residential services as wellas educational programs. They also have specially designed facilities,which may not be found in neighborhood schoo

57、ls,for blind children to participate in athletics and other activities.The education of many children with vision impairments is further complicated by their having other disabilities,such as physical disabilities,developmental impairments, or hearingloss.Education for those children might emphasize

58、 the development of language and communication, and personal,social,and vocational skills rather than academic skills.练习:1.Various adaptive aids are used toA cure children of their vision impairments.B help children see more clearly。read books and so on.C teach children how to turn Braille into synthesized speech.D teach chil