经济学曼昆经济学原理学习教案

1、会计学1经济学曼昆经济学原理经济学曼昆经济学原理(yunl)第一页，共15页。2第1页/共15页第二页，共15页。3The Production Possibilities Frontier (a)Panel (a) shows the production opportunities available to the farmer and the rancher. 第2页/共15页第三页，共15页。4The Production Possibilities Frontier (b, c)Panel (b) shows the combinations of meat and potatoes

2、 that the farmer can produce. Panel (c) shows the combinations of meat and potatoes that the rancher can produce. Both production possibilities frontiers are derived assuming that the farmer and rancher each work 8 hours per day. If there is no trade, each persons production possibilities frontier i

3、s also his or her consumption possibilities frontier.(b) The farmers production possibilities frontier(c) The ranchers production possibilities frontierMeat (oz)048Potatoes (oz)1632AIf there is no trade, the farmer chooses this production and consumption.Meat (oz)01224Potatoes (oz)2448BIf there is n

4、o trade, the rancher chooses this production and consumption.第3页/共15页第四页，共15页。5第4页/共15页第五页，共15页。6How Trade Expands the Set of Consumption Opportunities (c)The proposed trade between the farmer and the rancher offers each of them a combination of meat and potatoes that would be impossible in the abse

5、nce of trade. In panel (a), the farmer gets to consume at point A* rather than point A. In panel (b), the rancher gets to consume at point B* rather than point B. Trade allows each to consume more meat and more potatoes.第5页/共15页第六页，共15页。7How Trade Expands the Set of Consumption Opportunities (a, b)T

6、he proposed trade between the farmer and the rancher offers each of them a combination of meat and potatoes that would be impossible in the absence of trade. In panel (a), the farmer gets to consume at point A* rather than point A. In panel (b), the rancher gets to consume at point B* rather than po

7、int B. Trade allows each to consume more meat and more potatoes.(a) The farmers production and consumption(b) The ranchers production and consumptionMeat (oz)048Potatoes (oz)1632AFarmers production and consumption without tradeMeat (oz)01224Potatoes (oz)2448BRanchers production and consumption witho

8、ut tradeFarmers production with trade517A*Farmers consumption with trade13181227B*Ranchers consumption with tradeRanchers production with trade第6页/共15页第七页，共15页。8第7页/共15页第八页，共15页。9The Opportunity Cost of Meat and PotatoesWho has a lower opportunity cost (comparative advantage) in producing meat?Who has lower opportunity cost (comparative advantage) in producing potatoes? Who should produce (specialize) only meat? Who should produce only potatoes?第8页/共15