MBA联考英语真题及答案

1、绝密启用前2016 年全国攻读硕士学位全国联考工商管理硕士英语试卷考生须知1 .选择题的答案须用 2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。2 .其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。3 .交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字作为考生交卷的凭据。否那么，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。2016年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Section IVocabularyDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection

2、.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)1.Oilisanimportantmaterialwhichcanbeprocessedintomanydifferentproducts,includingplastics.ArawBbleakCflexibleDfertile2.ThehighlivingstandardsoftheUScauseitspresentpopu

3、lationto25percentoftheworldsoil.AassumeBconsumeCresumeDpresume3.Youshouldntbeso-1didntmeananythingbadinwhatIsaid.AsentimentalBsensibleCsensitiveDsophisticated4.Picassowasanartistwhofundamentallychangedtheofartforlatergenerations.A.philosophyBconceptCviewpointDtheme5.Memberstateshadtheoptiontofromthi

4、sagreementwithoneyearsnotice.AdenyBobjectCsuspectDwithdraw6.Thetwocountriesachievedsomeprogressinthesphereoftraderelations,traditionallyasourceofirritation.AmutualBoptionalCneutralDparallel7.Williamshadnotbeenthereduringthemomentswhenthekidnappinghadtakenplace.AsuperiorBrigorousCvitalDunique8.Travel

5、aroundJapantoday,andoneseesforeignresidentsawideofjobs.ArangeBfieldCscaleDarea9.Modernmanufacturinghasaglobalriverofmaterialsintoastunningarrayofnewproducts.AtranslatedBtransformedCtransferredDtransported10. LightninghasbeenthesecondlargeststormkillerintheUSoverthepast40yearsandisonlybyflood.Aexceed

6、edBexcelledCexcludedDextended11. Voiceswereastheargumentbetweenthetwomotoristsbecamemorebad-tempered.A.swollenB.increasedC.developedD.raised12. Somesuffererswillquicklyberestoredtoprefecthealth,otherswilltakealongertime.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.whereas13. Mybrotherlikeseatingverymuchbutheisntveryaboutt

7、hefoodheeats.A.specialB.peculiarC.particularD.unusual14. BritainmightstillbepartofFranceifitwerentadisastrousflood200.000yearsago,accordingtoscientistsfromImperialCollegeinLondon.A.uponB.withC.inD.for15. Thewaterprizeisaninternationalawardthat_outstandingcontributionstowardssolvingglobalwaterproblem

8、s.A.recognizesB.requiresC.releasesD.relays16. Inits14yearsof,theEuropeanUnionhasearnedthescornofitscitizensandskepticismfromtheUnitedStates.A.enduranceB.emergenceC.existenceD.eminence17. Hisexcuseforbeinglatethismorningwashiscarhad_inthesnow.A.startedupB.gotstuckC.setbackD.stoodby18. widespreadbelie

9、fcockroaches(螳螂 )wouldnottakeovertheworldiftherewerenoaroundtosteponthem.A.InviewofB.ThankstoC.IncaseofD.Contraryto19. Consciouslyornot,ordinarycitizensandgovernmentbureaucratsstillthenotionthatJapanesesocietyisauniqueculture.A.fitinwithB.lookdownonC.clingtoD.holdback20. Asyoucanseebyyourself,things

10、tobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.A.turnedinB.turnedoutC.turnedupD.turneddownSection IICloze(10points)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.ForeachnumberedblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswersAMSWERSHEET1.(10points)OlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryearsatadifferentsit

11、e,inwhichathletes_21_differentnationscompeteagainsteachotherina_22_ofsports.TherearetwotypesofOlympics,theSummerOlympicsandthewinterOlympics.Inorderto_23_theOlympics,acitymustsubmitaproposaltotheinternationalOlympiccommittee(IOC).Afterallproposalshavebeen_24,theIOCvotes.Ifonecityissuccessfulingainin

12、gamajorityinthefirstvote,thecitywiththefewestvotesiseliminated,andvotingcontinueswith_25_rounds,untilamajoritywinnerisdetermined.TypicallytheGamesareawardedseveralyearsinadvance,_26_thewinningcitytimetopreparefortheGames.Inselectingthe_27_oftheOlympicGames,theIOCconsidersanumberoffactors,chiefamongt

13、hemwhichcityhas,orpromisestobuild,thebestfacilities,andwhichorganizingcommitteeseemsmostlikelyto_28_theGameseffectively.TheIOCalso_29_whichpartsoftheworldhavenotyethostedtheGames._30_,Tolkyo,Japan,thehostofthe1964SummerGames,andMexicocity,Mexico,thehostofthe1968summerGames,werechosen_31_topopularize

14、theOlympicmovementInAsiaandinLatinAmerica._32_thegrowingimportanceoftelevisionworldwide,theIOCinrecentyearshasalsotakeninto_33_thehostcitytimezone._34_theGamestakeplaceintheUnitedStatesorCanada,forexample,Americantelevisionnetworksarewillingtopay_35higheramountsfortelevisionrightsbecausetheycanbroad

15、castpopularevents_36,inprimeviewinghours.37_theGameshavebeenawarded.Itistheresponsibilityofthelocalorganizingcommitteetofinancethem.ThisisoftendonewithaportionoftheOlympictelevision38_andwithcorporatesponsorships,ticketsales,andothersmallerrevenuesources.Inmany_39thereisalsodirectgovernmentsupport.A

16、lthoughmanycitieshaveachievedafinancialprofitbyhostingtheGames,theOlympicscanbefinancially_40.WhentherevenuesfromtheGameswerelessthanexpected,thecitywasleftwithlargedebts.21.A.inB.forC.ofD.from22.A.lotB.numberC.varietyD.series23.A.hostB.takeC.runD.organize24.A.supportedB.submittedC.substitutedD.subo

17、rdinated25.A.suggestiveB.successfulC.successiveD.succeeding26.A.lettingB.settingC.permittingD.allowing27.A.siteB.spotC.locationD.place28.A.stateB.stageC.startD.sponsor29.A.thinksB.reckonsC.considersD.calculates30.A.ForinstanceB.AsaresultC.InbriefD.Onthewhole31.A.intimeB.inpartC.incaseD.incommon32.A.

18、SinceB.BecauseC.AsforD.Becauseof33.A.amountB.accountC.accordD.acclaim34.A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WheneverD.Wherever35.A.greatlyB.handsomelyC.meaningfullyD.significantly36.A.liveB.livingC.aliveD.lively37.A.UntilB.UnlessC.WhetherD.Once38.A.incomesB.interestsC.revenuesD.returns39.A.casesB.conditionsC.chanc

19、esD.circumstances40.A.safeB.riskyC.temptingD.feasibleSectionHIReadingComprehensionDirections:Therearefourpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletteronA

20、NSWERSHEET1.(40points)Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:LastweekendKyleMacDonaldinMontrealthrewapartytocelebratethefactthathegothisnewhomeinexchangeforaredpaperclip.Startingayearago,MacDonaldbarteredtheclipforincreasinglyvaluablestuff,includingacampstoveandfreerentinaPhoenixflat.Havingann

21、ouncedhisaim(thehouse)inadvance,MacDonaldlikelygotaboostfromtechieseagertoseetheInternetpassthisdaringtestofitsnetworkingpower.Mywholemotto(座右铭)wasStartsmall,thinkbig,andhavefun,saysMacDonald,26,Ireallykeptmyeffortonthecreativesideratherthanthebusinessside.YetasoddastheMacDonaldexchangewas,barterisn

22、owbigbusinessontheNet.Thisyearmorethan400,000companiesworldwidewillexchangesome$10billionworthofgoodsandservicesonagrowingnumberofbartersites.TheseWebsitesallowcompaniestotradeproductsforavirtualcurrency,whichtheycanusetobuygoodsfromothermembers.InIceland,garment-makerKapusalansellsathirdofitsoutput

23、ontheboomingVidskiptanetidexchange,earningvirtualmoneythatitusestobuymachineryandpaypartofemployeesalaries.TheTroc-servicesexchangeinFranceoffersmorethan4,600services,frommathlessonstoironing.Thisisnotaprimitivebartersystem.Bycreatingcurrencies,theInternetremovesamajorbarrierwhatBobMeyer,publisherof

24、BarterNews,callsthedoublecoincidenceofwants.”Thatis,twopartiesoncenotonlyhadtofindeachother,butalsoanexchangeofgoodsthatbothdesired.Now,theycanpricethedealinvirtualcurrency.Barteralsohelpsfirmsmakeuseofidlecapacity.Forexample,advertisingishugelybarteredbecausemanymedia,particularlyontheWebcansupplyn

25、ewadspaceatlittlecost.Moreover,Internetadsdontregisterinindustry-growthstatistics,becausemanyexchangesarearrangedoutsidetheformalexchanges.LikeeBay,mostbartersitesallowmemberstogradetradingpartnersforhonestyqualityandsoon.Barterexchangescanallowfirmsincountrieswithhyperinflationornontradablecurrenci

26、estoenterglobaltrades.Nextyear,anonprofitexchangecalledQuickLiftTwo(QL2)planstoopeninNairobi,offeringbarterdealsto38,000Kenyanfarmersinremoteareas.Twosmallplaneswilldeliverthegoods.QL2directorGaciiWaciumasaysthefarmersareexcitedtobeliberatedfromcorruptmiddlemen.Forthem,barterevokesabrightfuture,nota

27、precapitalistpast.41. Thewordtechies”(Line4,Para1)probablyreferstothosewhoareA.afraidoftechnologyB.skilledintechnologyC.ignorantoftechnologyD.incompetentintechnology42. ManypeoplemayhavedeliberatelyhelpedKylebecausethey44. ItisimpliesthatInternetadvertisementscanhelpA.wereimpressedbyhiscreativityC.l

28、ikedhisgoalannouncedinadvance43.TheInternetbartersystemreliesheavilyonA. thesizeofbarterstiesC.thequalityofgoodsorservicesB. wereeagertoidentifywithhismottoD.hopedtoprovethepoweroftheInternet.B.theuseofvirtualcurrencyD.thelocationoftradingcompaniesA. companiesmakemoreprofitC.mediaregisterinstatistic

29、sB. companiesdoformalexchangesD.mediagradebartersites45. WhichofthefollowistrueofQL2accordingtotheauthor?A. Itiscriticizedfordoingbusinessinaprimitiveway.B. Itaimstodealwithhyperinflationinsomecountries.C. Ithelpsgetridofmiddlemenintradeandexchange.D. Itisintendedtoevaluatetheperformanceoftradingpar

30、tners.Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:ThelivesofveryfewNewarkresidentsareuntouchedbyviolence:NewJerseysbiggestcityhasseenitall.Yetthemurderofthreeyoungpeople,whowereforcedtokneelbeforebeingshotinthebackoftheheadinaschoolplaygroundonAugust4th,hasshakenthecity.Afourth,whosurvived,wasstabb

31、edandshotintheface.Thefourvictimswerebyallaccountsgoodkids,allenrolledincollege,allwithafuture.Butthecruelmurder,itseems,hasatlastforcedNewarkerstosaytheyhavehadenough.Grassrootsorganizations,likeStopShooting,havebeenfloodedwithoffersofhelpandsupportsincethekillings.YusefIsmail,itsco-founder,saysthe

32、grouphasbeengoingdoor-to-dooraskingpeopletosignapledgeofnon-violence.Theyhopetoget50,000topromisetostopshooting,startthinking,andkeepliving.TheNewarkCommunityFoundation,whichwaslaunchedlastmonth,announcedonAugust14ththatitwillhelppayforCommunityEye,asurveillance(监视)systemtailoredtowardsguncrime.Cory

33、Bookerwhobecamemayor13monthsagowithamissiontorevitalizethecity,believesthesurveillanceprogramwillbethelargestcameraandaudionetworkinanyAmericancity.Morethan30cameraswereinstalledearlierthissummerandafurther50willbeinstalledsooninaseven-squaremileareawhere80%ofthecitysrecentshootingshaveoccurred.Andm

34、orecamerasareplanned.Whenagunshotisdetected,thesurveillancecamerazoomsinonthatspot.SimilartechnologyinChicagohasincreasedarrestsanddecreasedshootings.Mr.Bookerplanstoannounceacomprehensivegunstrategylaterthisweek.Mr.Booker,aswellaschurchleadersandothers,believes(orhopes)thatafterthemurderthecitywill

35、nolongerstandbyincoldness.Forgenerations,Newarkhasbeenparalyzedbypoverty-almostoneinthreepeoplelivesbelowthepovertyline-andgrowingindifferencetocrime.Someareskeptical.SteveMalangaoftheconservativeManhattanInstitutenotesthatNewarkhasdeepsocialproblems:over60%ofchildrenareinhomeswithoutfathers.Thescho

36、olsystem,takenoverbythestatein1995,isamess.Butthereisalsosomecauseforhope.SinceMr.Bookerwaselected,therehasbeenariseininvestmentandre-zoningfordevelopment.Onlyaround7%ofnearbyNewarkairportworkersusedtocomefromNewark;now,ayear,thefigureis30%.MrBookerhaslaunchedaNewYork-stylewaroncrime.Sofarthisyear,c

37、rimehasfallen11%andshootingsaredown30%(throughthemurderratelookslikelytomatchlastyearshigh).46. WhathappenedinNewark,NewJerseyonAugust4th?A. TheNewarkresidentswitnessedamurder.B. Fouryoungpeoplewerekilledinaschoolplayground.C. ThenewmayorofNewarktookoffice.D. Fourcollegestudentsfellvictimtoviolence.

38、47. Judgingfromthecontext,theCommunityEye(Line5,Para2)isA.awatchingsystemforguncrimeB.aneighborhoodprotectionorganizationC.anunprofitablecommunitybusinessD.agrassrootsorganization48.WelearnfromthepassagethatNewarkhasallthefollowingproblemsEXCEPTA.violenceB.floodC.povertyD.indifference49. MayorBooker

39、seffortagainstcrimeseemtobeA.idealisticB.impracticalC.effectiveD.fruitless50. ThebesttitleforthepassagemaybeA. StopShooting,StartThinking,andKeepLivingB. EffortstoFightagainstGunCrimesC. AMissiontoRevitalizetheCityD. ViolentMurdersinNewarkQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Accordingtoarece

40、ntsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whilethisfinancialunfaithfulnessmayappearasdistrustinarelationship,intruthitmayjustbeaformoffinancialprotection.Withalmosthalfofallmarriagesendingindivorce,menandwomenarerealizingtheyneedtobefinanciallysavvy,rega

41、rdlessofwhethertheyareinarelationship.Thefinancialhardshiponindividualsafteradivorcecanbeextremelydifficult,evenmoresowhenchildrenareinvolved.Thelackofpermanencyinrelationships,jobsandfamilylifemaybethecauseofagrowingtrendtokeepasecretbankaccounthiddenfromapartner;inotherwords,anescapefund.Margarets

42、storyisfarfromunique.Sheisarepresentativeofagrowingnumberofwomeninlong-termrelationshipswhoarebecomingprotectiveoftheirownearnings.Everymonthonpayday,shebankshundredsofdollarsintoasavingsaccountshekeepsfromherhusband.Shehasbeendoingthisthroughouttheirsix-yearmarriageandhasbuiltanesteggworthanincredi

43、ble$100,000ontopofherpension.Margaretsaysifherhusbandfoundoutabouthersecretsavingshedhurtandwouldinterpretthisasasignshewasntsureofthemarriage.HedthinkitwasmyescapefunsothatfinanciallyIcouldaffordtogetoutoftherelationshipifitwentwrong.IknowyoushouldapproachmarriageasbeingforeverandIhopeoursis,butyou

44、canneverbesure.Likemanyofherfellowsecretsavers,Margaretwasstunginaformerrelationshipandhassincebeenveryguardedaboutherownmoney.Comingcleantoyourpartneraboutbeingasecretsavermaynotbeallthatbad.TakeColleenforexample,whohadbeensavingsecretlyforafewyearsbeforesheconfessedtoherpartner.decidedtoopenasavin

45、gsaccountandstartbuildinganesteggofmyown.IwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIcouldputmoneyinthebankandleaveitthereforarainyday.WhenJohnfoundoutaboutmysecretsavings,hewasalittlesuspiciousofmymotives.IreassuredhimthatthiswascertainlynotanescapefundthatIfeelverysecureinoutrelationship.Ihavetoadmitthatitdoesfeel

46、goodtohavemyownmoneyonreserveifevertherearerainydaysinthefuture.Itssensibletobuildandprotectyourpersonalfinancialsecurity.51.ThetrendtokeepasecretbankaccountisgrowingbecauseA.escapefundhelpsonethroughrainydaysB.daysaregettingharderandharderC.womenaremoneysensitiveD.financialconflictsoftenoccur52. Th

47、ewordsavvy(Line2,Para2)probablymeansA.suspiciousB.secureC.shrewdD.simple53. WhichinferencecanwemakeaboutMargaret?A.Sheisauniquewoman.B.Shewasoncedivorced.C.Sheisgoingtoretire.D.Shehasmanychildren.54. TheauthormentionsColleensexampletoshowA. anycouplecanavoidmarriageconflictsB. privacywithinmarriages

48、houldberespectedC. everyonecansaveafortunewithahappymarriageD. financialdisclosureisnotnecessarilybad55. Whichofthefollowingbestsummarythispassage?A.SecretSaversB.LoveIsWhatItsWorthC.BankingHonestyD.OnceBitten,TwiceShyQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thewordprotectionisnolongertaboo(禁忌语)

49、”.Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylastmonth,mayhavelaunchedaneweraineconomichistory.Why?Fordecades,Westernleadershavebelievedthatloweringtradebarriersandtariffswasanaturalgood.Doingso,theyreasoned,wouldleadtogreatereconomicefficiencyandproductivity,whichinturnwouldimprovehuma

50、nwelfare.Championingfreetradethusbecameamoral,notjustaneconomic,cause.Theseleaders,ofcourse,werentactingoutofunselfishness.Theyknewtheireconomieswerethemostcompetitive,sotheydprofitmostfromliberalization.AnddevelopingcountriesfearedthattheireconomieswouldbeswampedbysuperiorWesternproductivity.Today,

51、however,thetableshaveturned-thoughfewacknowledgeit.TheWestcontinuestopreachfreetrade,butpracticesitlessandless.Asian,meanwhile,continuestopleadforspecialprotectionbutpracticesmoreandmorefreetrade.ThatswhySarkozyswordsweresoimportant:hefinallyinjectedsomehonestyintothetradedebates.Thetruthisthatlarge

52、partsoftheWestarelosingfaithintreetrade,thoughfewleadersadmitit.Someeconomistsaremorehonest.PaulKrugmanisoneofthefewwillingtoacknowledgethatprotectionistargumentsarereturning.Intheshortrun,therewillbewinnersandlosersunderfreetrade.This,ofcourse,iswhatcapitalismisallabout.Butmoreandmoreoftheselosersw

53、illbeintheWest,EconomistsinthedevelopedworldusedtolovequotingJonophSchumpeter,whosaidthatCreativedestruction“wasanessentialpartofcapitalistgrowth.Buttheyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere.WhenWesternworkersbeganlosingjobs,suddenlytheirleadersbegantolosefaithintheirprinciples,Thingshave

54、yettoreversecompletely.ButtheresclearlyanegativetrendinaWesterntheoryandpractice.Alittlehypocrisy(虚伪)isnotinitselfaseriousproblem.TherealproblemisthatWesterngovernmentscontinuetoinsistthattheyretaincontrolofthekeyglobaleconomicandfinancialinstitutionswhiledriftingawayfromgloballiberalization.Lockatw

55、hatshappeningattheIMF(InternationalMonetaryFund)TheEuropeanshavedemandedthattheykeepthepostofmanagingdirector.Butalltoooften,Westernofficialsputtheirowninterestsaboveeveryoneelseswhentheydominatetheseglobalinstitutions.ThetimehasthereforecomefortheAsians-whoareclearlythenewwinnersintodaysglobalecono

56、my-toprovidemoreintellectualleadershipinsupportingfreetrade:Sadly,theyhaveyettodoso.UnlessAsiansspeakout,however,theresarealdangerthatAdamSmithsprinciples,whichhavebroughtsomuchgoodtotheworld,couldgraduallydie.Andthatwouldleaveallofus,worseoff,inonewayoranother.56. Itcanbeinferredthatprotection(Line

57、1,Para.1)meansA.improvingeconomicefficiency.B.endingthefree-tradepracticeC.loweringmoralstandardD.raisingtradetariffs57. TheWesternleaderspreachfreetradebecauseA. itisbeneficialtotheireconomiesB. itissupportedbydevelopingcountriesC. itmakesthemkeepfaithintheirprinciplesD. itisadvocatedbyJosephSchump

58、eterandAdamSmith58. Bythetableshaveturned(Line3-4,Para.2)theauthorimpliesthatA. theWesternleadershaveturnedself-centeredB. theAsianleadershavebecomeadvocatesoffreetradeC. thedevelopedeconomieshaveturnedlesscompetitiveD. thedevelopingeconomieshavebecomemoreindependent59. TheWesterneconomiesusedtolike

59、theideaofcreativedestructionbecauseitA. setalong-termratherthanshort-turngoalB. wasanessentialpartofcapitalistdevelopmentC. containedapositiveratherthannegativementalityD. wasmeanttobethedestructionofdevelopingeconomies60. TheauthorusesIMFwasanexampletoillustratethepointthatA. Europeanleadersarerelu

60、ctanttoadmittheyarehypocriticalB. thereisaninconsistencybetweenWesterntheoryandpracticeC. globalinstitutionsarenotbeingledbytrueglobalizationadvocatesD. EuropeancountriesinterestsarebeingignoredbyeconomicleadersSection IVTranslationDirections:InthissectionthereisaparagraphinEnglish.TranslateitintoCh