新人教版英语选择性必修三导学案 UNIT 2Section Ⅰ

1、新教材·英语选择性必修·第三册人教版UNIT 2HEALTHY LIFESTYLE1.go on a diet 节食2waste food badly 严重浪费粮食3sleep problem 睡眠问题4regular physical exercise 定期的体育锻炼5sports meeting 运动会6lack of sleep 缺乏睡眠7pay attention to mental health 注重心理健康8take drugs 吸毒9the absorption of calcium 钙的吸收10high consumption 高消费11a healthie

2、r life 更健康的生活12breathe the fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气13alcohol intake 酒精摄入14drink plenty of water 多喝水15be in a state of sub­health 处于亚健康状态16ensure a more varied diet 确保更加多样化的饮食17outdoor activities 户外活动18emotional instability 情绪不稳定19harmful side effects 有害的副作用20stress­related illnesses 与精神压力有关的疾病21he

3、art disease 心脏疾病22the safety of food 食品安全23go surfing 去冲浪24a bar/piece of chocolate 一条/一块巧克力25do serious harm to one's body 对某人的身体有严重的危害26take a nap 睡午觉27skip breakfast 不吃早餐28staple food 主食29health insurance 健康保险30go to bed early 早点睡觉31lose weight 减肥32balanced diets 均衡的饮食33full of energy 精力充沛34f

4、rozen foods 冷冻食品35high protein foods 高蛋白食物36a bowl of soup 一碗汤37a low­fat, saltfree diet 低脂肪无盐的饮食38diet drinks 低热量饮料39dietary advice/changes/habits 饮食建议/变化/习惯40dietary fibre 饮食纤维41good living habits 好的生活习惯42grain and nut 谷物和坚果43vigorous/gentle exercise 剧烈的/平和的运动44breathing/relaxation/stretching

5、 exercises 呼吸/放松/伸展运动45vitamin deficiency 维生素缺乏46advice on diet and nutrition 有关饮食和营养的建议47abstain from smoking/drinking alcohol 戒烟/酒48sources of nutrition 营养来源49run a marathon 跑马拉松50a good form of exercise 很好的锻炼方式51organic food 有机食物52instant/fast food 方便食品/快餐53get involved in outdoor activities 参加户外

6、活动54vitamins and minerals 维生素和矿物质55maintain a positive attitude 保持积极的心态Section Reading and ThinkingHABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE养成健康的生活习惯As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立，开始自己做决定。However, during this period, it can be easy for

7、some of them to form bad habits.然而，在这段时间里，他们中的一些人很容易养成坏习惯。 These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.这些坏习惯，如果放任不管，当他们成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。 For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental he

8、alth problems.例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒，造成生理和心理健康问题。To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.他们必须学会及早发现坏习惯并做出适当的改变。词句自测tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶alcohol n. 酒；酒精abuse n. 滥用；虐待

9、；辱骂vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势“主(some of them)系(may become)表(involved . abuse)”。which can lead to physical and mental health problems是非限制性定语从句，用来解释说明前面的整个句子。To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.改变坏习惯从来都不容易，即使有过很多尝试。There is a famous

10、 saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.”有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made.在很多方面，我们的生活方式是我们做出的选择的总和。We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again.我们选择做某件事，然后我们一遍又一遍地重复它。S

11、oon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.很快，那种选择就会自动形成一种更加难以改变的习惯。The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是如何形成的，我们是可以改变的。词句自测repeatedly adv. 重复地 “主(The good news)系(is)表语从句(that we . work)”。if we . work是条件状语从句；其结构为“主

12、(we)谓(understand)宾语从句(how habits work)”。According to modern psychology, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which works like this：根据现代心理学，我们首先必须了解“习惯循环”，它是这样运作的：Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something.首先，有一个“提示”，即一个动作、事件或情况作为去做某事的信号。Se

13、condly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.其次，有一个“常规”，即你对提示做出的常规反应。Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.第三，有“奖励”，我们从这个常规中获得的美好事物或感觉。词句自测psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响cue n. 提示；暗示；信号vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)in response to 回答；答复rewar

14、d n. 回报；奖励；报酬vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward).例如，当我们感到不快乐时(提示)，我们会吃很多不健康的零食(常规行为)，这让我们感到快乐(奖励)。 The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy sn

15、acks is formed.奖励使我们更有可能持续此循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯就形成了。词句自测rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向变化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整它们。We can do this by combining the information from ou

16、r habit cycles with our own positive ideas.我们可以通过将来自习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法相结合做到这一点。For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.例如，我们可以尝试用一些更积极的事情来代替消极的常规行为。词句自测facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的So, when we feel unhappy again

17、(cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward).所以，当我们再次感到不开心时(提示)，我们可以听一些自己最喜欢的音乐而不是吃零食(常规行为)，这将使我们感到放松(奖励)。Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.除了改变坏习惯，我们还可以利用

18、习惯循环来养成好习惯。 For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.例如，当我们来到自动扶梯前(提示)，我们通常的习惯是乘坐它，但我们可以通过爬楼梯来改变这种习惯，使之变得更积极。词句自测escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯 “时间状语从句(when we . snacks)主句(we co

19、uld . instead (routine)”。which will make us feel relaxed (reward)是非限制性定语从句，此句结构为“主(which)谓(will make)宾(us)宾补(feel relaxed)”。Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up.我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们通常会变得悲观继而放弃。In f

20、act, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time.事实上，最成功的改变方法并不是一蹴而就的，而是需要经过一段时间。As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”词句自测straight away 立即；马上pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的 “分句(Many of .

21、 quickly)and分句(if we . and give up)”。此句是and连接的并列复合句。前一个分句的结构是“主(Many of us)谓(try)宾(to change bad habits)”；后一个分句的结构是 “条件状语从句(if we . away)主句(we . give up)”，其中become和give up是并列关系。One step seems small, but it is essential.一步看似渺小，但它是必不可少的。 To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline

22、and repeatedly take many small steps.为了实现改变的目标，一个人必须表现出一定的自制力，并不断地迈出许多小步。After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.毕竟，改掉坏习惯并不容易。词句自测discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科vt. 自我控制；管教；处罚For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits.对于年轻人来说，有足够的时间来改变坏习惯。However, there is no “magic pill” or delete

23、 button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.然而，没有“神奇药丸”或删除按钮帮助你；你得想想你的坏习惯，然后决定做出改变。You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!你有能力建立一个充满良好习惯的幸福健康的生活！词句自测pill n. 药丸；药片delete v. 删去；删除decide on 决定；选定1As teenagers grow up,

24、they become more independent and start making their own decisions.(教材P14)随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立，开始自己做决定。剖析as是连词，意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。归纳拓展As she grew older, she gained in confidence.随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。Hard as he works, he can't support his family.尽管他工作努力，可还是无法养活一家人。She works as a courier.她的职业是导游。As everybody

25、knows, the earth is round like a ball.众所周知，地球像球一样圆。名师点津as 引导让步状语从句时，只用于倒装语序结构中，语气强于although和though。(1)单句语法填空 time went on, many changes took place in our village.I'm going to meet you at about a quarter to seven, there's been a problem here at work. she was not well, I went there alone.答案：As

26、asAs(2)单句表达不出我们所料，比赛结果难分上下。It was a close competition, 我们正在为当地社区寻找志愿工作者。We are looking for people to for the local community.答案：as we had predicted/expectedwork as volunteers2abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂(教材P14)归纳拓展Abuse of fertilizer is one of the causes of environmental pollution.滥施肥料是造成环境污染的原因之一。

27、There is no freedom that is not open to abuse.任何自由都可能被滥用。I promised not to abuse their kindness.我答应不辜负他们的一片好心。It is also necessary for the drug abuser to talk.让吸毒者说话也是有必要的。(1)单句语法填空I'm afraid the system is open abuse.What went on here was an abuse power.It's said that the star may be a drug

28、(abuse).答案：toofabuser(2)单句表达我觉得这个不是对自由的滥用。I don't think this is 我不会辜负你的好意和热情招待。 I'll not and your hospitality.答案：the abuse of freedomabuse your kindness3dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势(教材P14)归纳拓展Her desire to dominate over others has caused trouble in her family.她想支配别人的欲望给她的家庭带来了麻烦。This wou

29、ld put an end to their dream of world domination.这将结束他们主宰世界的梦想。(1)单句语法填空A great leader is needed to dominate the whole nation.One big reason for the decrease of store shopping is the (dominate) of online shopping.答案：overdomination(2)单句表达这本书预计会占据畅销书排行榜的榜首。The book is the best­seller lists.答案：exp

30、ected to dominate4cue n. 提示；暗示；信号vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)(教材P14)归纳拓展情景助记We were talking about John when, right on cue, he came in through the door.我们正在谈论约翰，恰好这时他从门外走了进来。The studio manager will cue you when it's your turn to sing.轮到你唱时，播音室经理会提示你。单句语法填空When she coughs, it's my cue (come) onto the stag

31、e.I was dealing with the broken glass, when right cue mother came in.答案：to comeon 5reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬(教材P14)归纳拓展情景助记I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing as a reward for your generous help.I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for your generous h

32、elp.我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。We should reward them generously for a hard day's work.他们辛苦了一天，得好好酬劳一下。The club's directors rewarded him with a free season ticket.俱乐部的董事们奖励他一张免费季票。Giving is much more rewarding than receiving in the long term.长远来看，给予比索取更有回报。(1)单句语法填空He received a title a reward for

33、his services to the nation.We rewarded him finding our lost cat.She added that hard work is (reward).答案：asforrewarding(2)单句表达他因勇敢获得一枚奖章。He received a medal his bravery.毫无疑问，他们会以忠诚、友谊和感激来报答你。There is no doubt that they will loyalty, friendship and gratitude.答案：in reward forreward you with6rely vi. 依赖

34、；依靠；信赖(教材P15)归纳拓展情景助记Don't rely on others too much, because only you will never abandon yourself.不要依赖别人太多，因为只有你永远不会放弃自己。You can rely on me to keep your secret.你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard­working.我们在物色可靠而又勤奋的人。(1)单句语法填空You can't rely on (copy) what

35、 others are doing.Rely on your assistant (do) his job, but don't depend on him for everything.Trains are (rely), cheap and best for long­distance journeys.答案：copyingto doreliable(2)单句表达与其求人，何如求己。It would be better to ourselves than on others.我们不得不依靠指南针和不错的运气找到这儿来。We had to a compass and a l

36、ot of luck here.答案：rely onrely on; to get7examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验(教材P15)归纳拓展情景助记The doctor examined him for possible heart disease.医生给他做了检查，看他是否患有心脏病。The students will be examined in all subjects at the end of term.期末时学生须参加所有学科的考试。I can only promise to examine into your case.我只能答应调查一下你的案子。Please se

37、parate the marked examination papers into passes and fails.请将批阅完的考卷按及格和不及格分开。(1)单句语法填空The goods were examined damage on arrival.We have to examine the details of the matterThe dictionary is under (examine) and revision.答案：forintoexamination(2)单句表达所有的机械部件都贴好标签以后，他开始逐个检查。With all the mechanical parts

38、labeled, he began to 我会不时地考核你所做的工作。From time to time I will the work you have done.答案：examine them one by oneexamine you in/on8discipline n. 自制力；纪律；学科vt. 自我控制；管教；处罚(教材P15)归纳拓展Central Commission for Discipline Inspection is in Beijing.中央纪律检查委员会在北京。The worker was disciplined for insubordination. 这个工人因

39、为不服从命令而受到惩罚。I've disciplined myself to do two hours of exercise every day.我坚持每天锻炼两个小时。China's youth are well disciplined and they have fulfilled all the tasks assigned to them by the party.中国青年是很有纪律的，他们完成了党指派的各项任务。(1)单句语法填空The boy was often disciplined staying away from school.He disciplined

40、 himself (exercise) at least three times a week.Soldiers are (discipline) people.答案：forto exercisedisciplined(2)单句表达只要你是学生，就应该遵守校规。As long as you are a student, you must observe the 答案：school discipline.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子1If you desire (身体的) activities, you can choose activities from swimming to ho

41、rse riding.答案：physical2He studied philosophy and (心理学) at Qingdao University.答案：psychology3For generations, linguistic research into CSL has been (占有优势) by people with unimpaired hearing.答案：dominated4The new airport will (促进) the development of tourism.答案：facilitate5Instead of getting down to a new

42、task as I had expected, he (检查) the previous work again.答案：examined6Never be p or lose confidence even if in adversity.答案：pessimistic7Wine contains about 10% a 答案：alcoho8The actor missed his c and came onto the stage late.答案：cue9The p the doctor gave me aren't working.答案：pills10Shall we use the

43、e or the lift?答案：escalator.单句语法填空1We are (repeated) willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover.答案：repeatedly2He smiled response to her question.答案：in3I don't know if I can rely him, but I'm willing to take a gamble.答案：on4I suggest you give her a call straight 答案：away5I

44、 have a (negate) opinion of the value of this plan.答案：negative.单句表达1人民痛恨那位政客滥用权力。The people hated the politician for his power.答案：abuse of2善有善报，恶有恶报。Good will good, and evil with evil.答案：be rewarded with3她有条不紊，一定受过良好的训练。She must have been well her orderliness.答案：disciplined for4我们决定了一个好去处，然后讨论了带什么食物

45、。We a good place to go, and then we talked about what food to bring.答案：decided on5警察必须得检查这唯一的物证有没有指纹。 The police will have to the only piece of physical evidence fingerprints.答案：examine; for课后课时作业(一)阅读Australia's exercise guidelines have recently come as a shock to us. Not only are we being told

46、 we need to do a lot more physical activities, but we're also being urged to get out of our chairseven if we do the right amount of exercise.The new guidelines focus not just on the exercise but on the amount of time we spend being sedentary. Sedentary behavior is the term to describe physically

47、 inactive tasks that don't require lots of energy, basically sitting or lying down. Activities are often measured in METs (Metabolic Equivalent of Task). Sedentary activities are in between 1 and 1.5 METs, walking at a moderate pace ranges from 3 to 3.5 and jogging is about 7.In recent years, a

48、growing body of research has linked sedentary behavior to obesity， type 2 diabetes, heart disease, some cancers and death that is too early. It's considered such a risk that one US expert has gone so far as to suggest sitting for most of the day may be as dangerous to your health as smoking.Expe

49、rts say we're sedentary on average for 7 to 10 hours a day (this doesn't include our time spent sleeping). Even if you are meeting, or more than, the recommended 60 minutes a day of physical activity, you can still be considered sedentary.The guidelines don't make any specific recommenda

50、tions about how long you should sit for, instead they say we should “minimize the amount of time spent in sitting too long” and to “break up long periods of sitting as often as possible”. However, some experts recommend breaking up any period of sitting that lasts longer than 20 to 30 minutes. You d

51、o this by simply standing up for a couple of minutes or taking a short walk.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则澳大利亚的锻炼指南，该指南阐述了久坐的危害。1From the passage we know that Asedentary behavior is as dangerous to health as smokingBsedentary behavior may lead to some cancersCwe are sedentary for 7 to 10 hours a day in total

52、Dwe are healthy if we do proper amount of exercise答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In recent years, a growing body of research has linked . is too early.”可知，久坐可能会导致一些癌症。故选B。2Which may score the highest in METs according to the passage?ASleeping. BReading.CShopping. DRunning.答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Sedentary activitie

53、s are in between . jogging is about 7.”可推知，运动量越大，能量代谢当量得分越高，结合选项可知，跑步的代谢当量最高，故选D。3Where does this passage probably come from?AScience fiction. BA scientific paper.CAn advertisement. DA health report.答案：D推理判断题。本文主要讲的是久坐的危害，该话题与人的健康有关。故选D。1sedentary adj. 久坐的；坐惯的2obesity n. 肥胖症3recommend vt. 推荐，介绍on av

54、erage 平均完形填空Have you ever wondered about changing your life for the better? There are many ways for us to live a healthy lifestyle. So it seems 1 that although we know a lot about 2 to live healthily, many people continue to do things which may be 3 for their health.There are many parts of our lifestyles which allo