人教版新目标八年级上册英语知识点全册

1、最新（2013秋）人教版八年级上册英语知识点Unit 1Where did you go on vacation?（谈论假期生活，一般过去时）Unit 2How often do you exercise?（谈论生活习惯，一般现在时）Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister （谈论事物对比，形容词比较级）Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?（谈论事物比较，形容词最高级）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?（谈论内心想法，一般现在时）Unit6 I' m

2、going to study computer science谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时 ）Unit7W川people have robots?（对将来生活的预言，一般将来时 ）Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?（描述进程，祈使句）Unit9 Can you come to my party?（学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子）Unit10 If you go to the party, you' ll have a grea校ime.（学习if 的条件状语从句 ）复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用

3、法动词后的to do和doing的区别ed形容词和ing形容词的区别近义词”的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。Unitl Where did you go on vacation?单词anyone 'eniw?n pron.任何人anywhere 'eniwe?（r） adv.任何地方 n.任彳（一个）地方wonderful 'w ?nd?fl adj.精彩的；极好的few fju ? adj.很少的；n.少量most m?st adj.最多的；大多数的；something

4、 'S?mi0 ? pronM事物；nothing（=not anything） 'n?8 ?on.没有什么 n.没有myself ma?self pron.我自己everyone 'evriw?n pron.每人； 人人yourself j?self pron.你自己；你亲自hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽bored b?i adj.无聊的;厌烦的；郁闷的pig n潴diary 'da ?i n.日记；日记簿（keep a diary）seem s?m vi.似乎；好像someone 's?mw?n pron.某人； 有人quite a few相当多；不

5、少(后接可数名词)of course ?vk?合当然activity ?k't ?v?ti n.活动;活跃decide d?sa?i v.决定；选定(decide to do sth.)try tra ? v.尝试;设法；努力 (try to do sth. /try doing sth.)bird b?d n.鸟；禽paragliding 'p?r ?daZ? n空中滑翔跳伞bicycle 'ba?s?d n.自行车buildingb?d? n.建筑物trader 'tre ?d?(r) n.商人;商船wonder 'w?nd?(r) v.惊奇；想知道

6、；怀疑difference 'd?r?ns n差异；不同top t?p n.顶部；顶wait we? v.等；等待(wait for)umbrella ?m'brel? n.伞;雨伞wet wet adj.湿的；雨天的below b?l? prep.低于;在.下面adv在下面as ?z conj.如同；像.一样enough ?n?f adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地duck d?k n.鸭肉；鸭hungry(反 full) 'h ?g ri adj饥饿的;渴望的feel like(doing sth.)想要dislike d?s'la重v.不喜欢；厌恶n.不

7、喜爱；厌恶；反感重点短语1 . go on vacation 去度彳取2 .stay at home 待在家里3 .go to the mountains 去爬山4 . go to the beach 去海滩5 . visit museums参观博物馆6 . go to summer camp去参力口夏令营7 .quite a few 相当多8 .study for 为而学习9 .go out 出去10 .most of the time大部分时间11 . taste good 尝起来很好吃12 .have a good time 玩得高兴13 . of course 当然14 .feel l

8、ike 给的感觉；感受到15 .go shopping 去购物16.in the past 在过去17. walk around 四处走走18. because of 因为19. one bowl of 一碗20. the next day 第二天21. drink tea 喝茶22. find out 找出；查明23. go on 继续24. take photos 照相25. something important 重要的事26. up and down 上上下下27. come up 出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物29. tast

9、e + adj. 尝起来30. look+adj.看起来31. nothingbu阈1词原形除了之外什么都没有32. seem+ (to be) + adj. 看起来33. arrive in+ 大地点 / arrive at+ 小地点到达某地34. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth

10、. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开始做某事42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事43. dislike doing sth不喜欢做某事44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于47 . tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.玩得痛快三、重点句子：1. Where did you go on vacation

11、?你去哪儿度假的？2. Long time no see.好久不见。3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗？4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。5. Everything was excellent.切者 B 很棒。6. I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了 些东西。7. How did you like it ?你觉得它怎么样？8. I arrived at Penang in M

12、alaysia this morning with my family.今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了 很特别的东西。10. but many of the old buildings are still there.但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。12. And because of the bad weather , we couldn ' t s

13、ee anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。复合不定代词或副的构成及用法构成：由some, any, no, every分别力口上-body,-thing,-one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上 -where构成副词用法：(1)合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat.(2)不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading.(3) some

14、不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但some可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Someone is calling me.There isn ' a nyone else there.Is anybody over there?Could you give me something to eat?(4)形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后There is something delicious on the table.（5） somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。Flo

15、wers come out everywhere.注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special不定代词做主语时谓语用单毛二巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. I can ' t hear anything = I can hear.2. There is on the floor. Please pick it up.3. Did go to play basketball with you ?4. I phoned you last night, but answered it.5. Maybe put my pencil. I can ' t fi

16、nd it单选1. No one how to do it. A.know B. knows C. knowing D. knew2. Everything OK, isn ' t it?A. was B. are C. and D. is3. There ' s in the newspaper. You should read it.A. important something B. something boringC. boring something D. something important.1. arrived in Penang in Malaysia this

17、 morning with my family.（翻译）arrive为不及物动词，意为,arrive in到达十大地方（国家 省 市）arrive at到达+小地方（机场 商店等）get to到达+地方reach至U达+地方The Smiths New York at 8:00 last night.A.arrived at B. got to C.reach D.arrived2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.翻译）3. decide为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事： .4. My sister and I tried

18、 paragliding.（翻译） We shouldn' t try（study） English, we should try（study） English.1 .I felt like I was a bird.( 翻译).feel like博为 后常接.另外feel like还意为Do you feel like a cup of tea?2 .I wonder what life was like here in the past.(翻译) wonder|为及物动词,意为 想知道"，后常接疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。I wonder you a

19、re doing.(我想知道你正在做什么。)6 .What a difference a day makes! 感叹句,结构为 What +名词+主语+谓语！补充：7 . We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.为等候，后接人或物。为太多，后接可数名词复数；+不可数名词(money);为太-后接形容词或副词(big)8 .My father didn ' t bring enough money.Enough后可接,其形式分别为 ; 。(1) want to do sth.想要做某事

20、(2) want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事(3) would like to do sth.想要做某事(4) (2) decide to do sth.决定做某事 decide on决定某事课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I didn ' t find( someone ) there.2. Is there( something ) important in todayersnewspap3. Look! There is( anybody ) at home. The light is on.4. Amy( meet ) a famous actor y

21、esterday.5. There( be ) forty-five students in our class last term.6. Miss Green( come ) to China in 2008.7. Little Tom( be ) here a moment ago.8. She( buy ) a new bag yesterday.二、单项选择()1. -you to the movies? - Yes, I did.A. Did wentB. Did go C. Are wentB. hasC. had()2. How was your weekend? Great!

22、We a picnic in the park. A. have3. Mrs Green with her little daughter at home that rainy night.A. was onB. were on C. was at （）4. - Who told you to clean the windows?-Miss Wang A. toldB. didC. has told （）5. Do you always to the zoo?Yes, I yesterday.A. go go B. go went C. went go （）6. there any koala

23、s in the zoo last year?No, there A. Are aren t B. Were wasn t C. Were weren t （）7. Did you go with ?Yes, I did.A. someone B. anyone C. somebody （）8. Did you buy special? No, I didn t.A. something B. some things C. anything三、句型转换1 Lucy played computer games yesterday.（ 改为一般疑问句）Lucy computer games yes

24、terday?2 We went to the Palace Museum.（ 对划线部分提问） you ?3 There was someone here just now.（改为否定句）.4 She played volleyball just now.（改为否定句）She 5 volleyball just now. They ate a lot of ice cream.（ 对划线部分提问） they ?6 My vacation was pretty good.（ 对划线部分提问） your vacation?Monday, July 15thI arrived in Penang

25、in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! For lunch, we had something very special Malaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious! In the afternoon, w

26、e rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I wonder what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking arou

27、nd the town.Tuesday, July 16thWhat a different a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over and hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got

28、 to the top, it was raining really hard. We didn' t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible. And becOusevoe atteer, wecouldn ' t see anything below. My father didn' t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted greabecause I was so

29、 hungry!不规则动词过去式：am,is-wasare-were,do-did,see-saw,say-saidgive-gaveget-got,go-wentcome-camehave-had,eat-atetake-tookrun-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-maderead-read,write-wrotedraw-drewdrink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-sweptbuy-bought,swim-swam,sit-sat,bring-brought,can-could,cut-cutbecom

30、e-became,begin-began,draw-drewfeel-feltfind-foundforget-forgothear-heardkeep-keptknow-knew,learn-learnt (learned)leave-left,let-let,lose-lost,meet-met,read-read,sleep-slept,speak-spoke,take-tookteach-taught ,tell-told,wake-wokeUnit2 How often do you exercise?单词houseworkha?sw?k n.家务劳动hardly 'h a

31、dli adv.几乎不;简直不；刚刚ever 'ev?(r) adv.曾经；在任何时候once w?ns adv.一次；曾经twice twa?> adv两倍；两次Internet ' ?it?net n.因特网program 'pr ?g r?m n.节目；程序；课程；节目单full f?l adj.满的；充满的；完全的swing sw? n摇摆；秋千v.摇摆；旋转maybe 'me?bi adv.或许;也许；可能swing dance 摇摆舞least li?st adj.最小的;最少的at least 至少hardly ever很少；几乎从不；难得j

32、unk n.垃圾；废旧杂物coffeek?fi n.咖啡；咖啡色health hel。健康；人的身体或精神状态result r?z?lt.结果；后果percent p?sent adj.百分之的online ?i'la?i adj.在线的 adv.在线地television 'tel?/?i n.电视机；电视节目although ?Te? conj.虽然；尽管；然而；可是through 9 iprep.穿过；凭借；一直到body 'b?di n.身体mind ma?id.头脑；想法；意见；心思such图t?| adj.这样的；如此的together t? g ee?(r

33、) ad谯同；一起die da?| v.死；枯竭；消失writer 'ra 2?(r) n.作者;作家dentist 'dentat n.牙科医生magazine 'm? g ?zi? n.杂志however ha?'ev?(r) adv.然而；无论如何；不管多么than e?n conj.比almost '?m?st adv.几乎；差不多none n?n pron.没有人；没有任何东西，毫无less les adj更少的;较少的point p?it n.看法；要点；重点；小数点；目标；分数重点短语such as例如;诸如junk food n.垃圾食品

34、；无营养食品more than超过；多于；不仅仅；非常less than不至I；少于help with housework 帮助做家务how often 多久一次once a week 每周一次every day 每天go to the movies 去看电影swing dance 摇摆舞on weekends 在周末hardly ever 几乎从不twice a month 每月两次be free 有空use the Internet 用互联网play tennis 打网球stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚at least至少have dance and piano lessons 上

35、舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动go camping去野营in one ' s free timefc某人的业余时间such as比如；诸如go to the dentist 去看牙医less than 少于How about ?怎么样？How many+可数名词复数十一般疑问句？ spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光It ' s+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事by doing sth.通过做某事What' s your favo

36、rite Wft喜爱的 the best way to do sth.be good for 对有好处not at all 一点儿也不the most popular 最受欢迎的old habits die hard 积习难改morn than 多于；超过help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事有多少？是什么？做某事的最好方式三.重点语法(一)重点句型1.What do you usually do on weekends?I often go to the movies.(1) on weekends/on the weekend

37、 在周末(2) go to the movies 去看电影(3)第一个do助动词第二个do实意动词2. hardly ever几乎从不 hardly ever相当于 hardly, ever起强调作用。hardly为副词，意为 几乎不没有)工相当于almost not,本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。E.g. She hardly eats anything.辨析：hardly和hard hard作形容词，意为 困难的，艰苦的，硬的"；hard作副词，意为 努力地，猛烈地hardly意为几乎不"(1) The ground is too to dig(2) I ca

38、n understand them.(3) It's raining ,the people can go outside.3. -How often do you watch TV? -Twice a week.(1) how often意为多久一次，多长时间一次 "用来提问频率。(2) twice a week 一周两次拓展 : 一次 once 两次 twice三次或三次以上基数词 + times three times four times4. What's your favorite program?= What program do you like bes

39、t?你最喜欢的节目是什么？5. How come?；M么回事？怎么会？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。 相当于疑问词 why。但how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。How come you didn't tell me about it? = Why you didn't tell me about it?6. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。maybe 副词，意为“ 或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。E.g. Maybe he knows the way to

40、 the park.辨析： maybe 与 may be maybe 副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。may be 属于 “ 情态动词+be 动词 ”结构，意为“ 可能是 ” 。(1) The baby is cryingshe is hungry.(2) The womana teacher .7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.ask ab. about sth. 询问某人某事8. We all know that many students often go onli

41、ne, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. Theother ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网，而另外10% 的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。(1) other: adj. 其他的+名词the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内)one,the other, 一个 , 另一个E.g. One of them i

42、s blue， the other ones are purple.它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。others: 其他的东西the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内)E.g. One of the children likes reading， the others like singing.后句可替换为the other students like singing.(2) at least 至少at most 最多，至多E.g. I have ten yuan in my pocket at most.9. Most students use it for fun and

43、 not for homework.大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。10. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。the answers to our questions 问题的答案dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙11. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popu

44、lar.尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。12. It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特 网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。 It ' s +adj.+to do SthC事,的E.g. It s very easy to learn English well.(2) by doing sth. 通过做某事(3) th

45、e best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式13. It is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康14. Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。(二 )语法知识: 频度副词1. 频度副词的含义(1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按高低依次为always > usually > sometimes > seldom > hadly ever > neve

46、r100%80%60%30%10%0%(2)表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用once,两次用twice,三次或三次以上用 基数词+times '表示：three times, four times, six times2. 频度副词在句中的位置(1 )频度副词一般在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后E.g. We never eat junk food.Lucy is sometimes very busy.I can hardly say a word.(2)有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同含义E.g. Sometimes Jack plays computer gam

47、es.often 用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有E.g.Very often he goes online.Usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修饰语。E.g. Usually my father goes up early.Always 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中。E.g. Always remember this.3. 对频度副词提问时，用how oftenE.g. -How often do you go to the movies?sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中区别不大。quite， very 修饰-Once a monthUnit3 I'm mo

48、re outgoing than my sister.单词outgoing 'a?t g ? ad外向的better 'bet?(r) adj.更好的；较好的 adv.更好地loudly 'la?dli adv.大声地;高声地；花俏地quietly 'kwa?li adv.安静地；悄悄地；平静地hard-working h ad'w?'k? adj.勤勉的；努力工作的competition ?k?mp?t?n n.竞争；比赛fantastic f?n't?st 附 adj.极好的；了不起的which adj.哪一个；哪一些 pron.哪一

49、个；哪些clearly 'kl ?i adv.清楚地；显然地win w?n v赢；赢得；获胜；获得n.胜禾Uthough conj.虽然；尽管；adv不过care about 关心talented 't?l ?nt?d adj.有才能的；有天赋的truly 'tru ?i adv.真实地；真诚地；正确地care ke?(r) v.关心；担忧；照顾；在乎serious 's?i?s adj严肃的；严重的；庄重的mirror 'm ?？(r) n.镜子；反映necessary 'nes?s?ri adj.必要的；必然的both b? 0 ad两者都

50、pron.两者should ?d aux.应该；可能；应当；将要touch t?t? vt.触摸；感动reach ri2? v.到达；伸出；达成；取得联系；延伸；(伸手)去够heart hat n.心脏;内心fact f?kt n.事实；真相；实际break bre?k v.打碎；折断；违背；解决；中断laugh laf v.发笑；笑；嘲笑n.笑声；笑；笑料similar 's?m?l?(r) adj.类似的share ?(r) vt.分享，共享；分配；共有loud la?d adj.大声的；adv.大声地；响亮地primary 'pra ?m?ri adj.最初的，最早的be

51、 different from 和.不同information ?if?me?n n.信息；情报；资料；通知as long as 只要bring out拿出；推出the same as与.同样的in fact事实上；实际上；确切地说be similar to 类似于； 与 相似重点短语1. . more outgoing2. as as3. the singing competition4. be similar to5. the same as6. be different from7. care about8. be like a mirror9. the most important10

52、. as long as11. bring out12. get better grades13. reach for14. in fact15. make friends16. the other17. touch one' s heart18. be talented in music19. be good at20. be good with21. have fun doing sth.22. be good at doing sth23. make sb. do sth.24. want to do sth.25. as+adj./adv.的原级 +as26. It '

53、 s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.三.重点语法更外向与一样唱歌比赛与相像的/类似的和相同；与一致与不同关心；介意像一面镜子最重要的只要；既然使显现；使表现出取得更好的成绩伸手取事实上；实际上交朋友其他的感动某人有音乐天赋擅长善于与相处享受做某事的乐趣擅长做某事让某人做某事想要做某事与一样对某人来说，做某事 的。（一）重点句型萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.好一些。both (1)表示 两者都"，both用在含

54、有be动词的句中，应放在be动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面,bothand表示两者都"，bothand在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems.(连接主语)The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish雁接t胃语 )【考例】My parents doctors.A, both are K Ml are C are all D. are both拓展：all表示三者或三者以上全都”的意思，ever

55、y指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。练习：用 all,both,every,each填空1) My brothers and I are l at school.2)student may have one book.3)Tom and Jim are my good friends.4) Three students are flying kites,they are in Class 1.2. Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。as.as意为 与一样”，as.as中间接形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构not as/so.as意为不如E.g. He is as tall as his father. 他和他爸爸一样高。Tom gets up as early as Jim.汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。Lucy isn ' t as outgoing as Mary露西不如玛丽外向。注意：(1) 其否定式为 not as/so +adj./adv. +a