英语 人教新课标 Earthquakes 教案

1、2019年高考一轮复习 第4讲 Earthquakes教材版本全国通用课时说明（建议）3课时知识点单词：burst; ruin; injure; shock; bury; judge短语：at an end; a(great) number of句型：too.to.;as if; all.not.语法：定语从句I复习目标掌握本节课的复习内容以及完成相关复习习题。复习重点重点单词，短语，句式以及语法的复习巩固。复习难点重点单词，短语，句式以及语法在具体题目中的灵活应用。一、自我诊断 知己知彼 . 单句语法填空1By doing so，I can not only share good ideas

2、 with others but also learn _(express)myself clearly.2On arriving there，we expressed our _(congratulate)to him on his success.3The first thing he did was to find shelter _ the freezing wind and snow.4Upon graduation from school，how well will you be _(prepare)for the job that lies ahead?5After all，sp

3、otting tigers merely confirms their beauty；_(track)them can make you aware of something more.6A great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake _(send)to live with families in other cities.7Her husband was with her，but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and cl

4、early _ shock.8Lily had to call a taxi because the box was much too heavy _(carry)all the way home.9I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now because my left foot _(injure)，I cannot go with you as planned.10It suddenly occurred to me _ I hadn't locked my door.【答案】1.to express 2.congr

5、atulations 3.from 4prepared 5.tracking6.were sent 7.in 8.to carry 9is injured 10.that. 单句改错1The express train arrived on schedule as usually.2Luckily for him，he survived from the car crash.3Believe it or not，Lily's sister burst into crying when we were eating.4A number of high buildings has aris

6、en where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.5But the people of the city，they thought little of these events，went to bed as usual that night.6An accident happened. Luckily，nobody badly injured.【答案】1.usuallyusual2.去掉from 3.intoout或cryingtears4.hashave 5.theywho 6.nobody后加上was二、温故知新 夯实基础考纲单词精讲1、bur

7、stvi.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发n突然破裂；爆发 教材原句In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(P26)2在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。归纳拓展burst out突然迸发；爆发burst out doing sth.burst inton. 突然起来burst into tears/laughterbursst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起来burst out cheeringburst into cheers 突然欢呼起来burst in/into闯进

8、；突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支a burst of 一阵名师点睛burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或突然发生某种情况”的意思，但burst into后面接名词，burst out后面接动名词。语境助记Hearing this, the whole class burst_out laughing and my deskmate's face turned red.听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。He burst_into_the_room without knocking at th

9、e door, which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。At the news that my dad would be back from London this week, I felt as if my heart would burst_with_joy.听到这个星期爸爸要从伦敦回来的消息，我觉得心花怒放。2、ruinnU毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；常用复数废墟；遗迹vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产教材原句In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(P26)在可怕的15秒内，一

10、座大城市就成为了一片废墟。归纳拓展(1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟come/go/fall to ruin毁灭；灭亡；崩溃bring.to ruin使毁灭；使没落；使破产(2)ruin oneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin one's health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途语境助记When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in_ruins.当他们第二天回到洛克威时，他们发现他们的街区已成为一片废墟。A large number of chu

11、rches fell_into_ruin after the revolution.革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。A village once so attractive was brought_to_ruin.一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。If you're addicted to computer games, you'll ruin_yourself.如果你沉溺于玩电脑游戏，你会毁了自己。The bad weather has ruined_all_my_pleasure for the holiday.糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。3、injurevt.损害；伤害教材原

12、句Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.(P26)他们中有三分之二在地震中伤亡。归纳拓展 (1)injured adj. 受伤的the injured 受伤的人(集合概念)(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人语境助记Luckily she was_not_badly_injured and was sent to the nearest hospital.幸运的是她受伤不严重，并且被送到了最近的医院。A terrible a

13、ccident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the_injured to the hospital.在十字路口发生了可怕的交通事故，救护车把伤者火速送到了医院。Don't lift that toolboxyou'll do_yourself_an_injury!别搬那只工具箱，你会伤着你自己的！What the newspaper reported did_a_great_injury_to_her_fame.报纸上所报道的严重损害了她的名誉。用injure, wound, hurt, harm的正确形式填

14、空aHe claimed that working too hard was harming his health.bHe died of a single gunshot wound to the left side of his head.cWhat he said hurt me deeply.dOne of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.4、shockvt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动n休克；打击；震惊教材原句Sand now filled the wells instead of water. Pe

15、ople were shocked.(P26)井里充满了沙子而不是水。人们都震惊了。归纳拓展(1)in (a state of) shock 震惊地a great shock 极大的震惊be a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击come as a shock 让某人大吃一惊(2)shocked adj. 感到惊讶的be shocked at/by sth. 对感到震惊(3) shocking adj. 令人震惊的名师点睛shock意为“令人震惊的人或事”时为可数名词，其前通常与不定冠词a连用。即：抽象名词具体化。语境助记I was_shocked_to_hear that he h

16、ad resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。We were all shocked_at the news of his death.听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。He isn't seriously injured but he is in_(a_state_of)_ shock.他伤得不重，但惊魂未定。The news of my promotion came as_a_shock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。The news that the two popular stars took drugs together illegally was_a_shock_to t

17、heir fans.这两位当红明星一起非法吸毒的消息对他们的影迷们是一个打击。So scientists have come up with a_shocking_idea.因此专家们想出了一个令人震惊的主意。Now, electric_shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.现在，电击训练和药物治疗正帮助挽救这些大鸟。5、buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏教材原句The army organized teams to dig out those who were trap

18、ped and to bury the dead. (P26)救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。归纳拓展(1)be buried in 埋头于；专心于be buried in thought 沉思(2)bury oneself in one's work/studies. 埋头工作；专心学习bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面名师点睛表“专心于某事”的短语常见的还有：be devoted to， be absorbed in， be addicted to， be lost in， focus on， concent

19、rate on等。语境助记She buried_her_face_in_her_hands and wept when she heard the bad news.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。Ever since he moved there, he has_buried_himself_in his research work.Ever since he moved there, he has_been_buried_in his research work.自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。Buried_in/Burying_himself_in his study, he

20、didn't know it was raining hard outside.他埋头学习，不知道外面正下大雨。She sat there, buried_in_thought.她坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried_in the pockets of his dark overcoat.他站在人行道上，双手插在深色外套的口袋里。6、judgen. 裁判员；法官；评判员v. 判定；判断；判决教材原句Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of

21、whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(P30)有5个裁判员听了你的演讲，他们都说它是今年最棒的演讲。归纳拓展(1)judging from/by. 根据来判断(2)judgesb./sth.by/on. 以来判断judgesb./sth.(to be)n./adj. 判断为judge itadj.to do sth. 认为做某事是(3)judgement n. 判断；审判；判断力make a judgement about 对做判断名师点睛judging from/by.置于句首作状语。其中v.ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类

22、似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking“一般来说”；frankly speaking“坦白地说”；considering.“考虑到”。语境助记“You can't judge a book by_ its cover，” as the old saying goes.正如谚语所说，“勿以貌取人。”We judge him to_be the best candidate.We judge that he is the best candidate.我们认为他是最佳人选。Judging_from her last letter, they are having a w

23、onderful time.从她的上封来信看，他们过得非常愉快。He refused to make_a_judgement_about the situation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。核心短语诠释1、at an end 结束；终结教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26)仿佛到了世界末日！归纳拓展(1)at the end of 在尽头/末端(指时间或空间)in the end 最后；终于by the end of 到末为止(常与完成时态连用)come to an end 结束be at an end 结束put/bring sth.

24、 to an end结束make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出(2)end up结束；告终end in以结束(3)end up with 以结束end up doing sth.最后做某事；终止做某事(4)ending n. 结局；结尾endless adj. 无止境的；连续的语境助记The meeting was nearly at_an_end when I got to the meeting room.当我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。Then came the final awards ceremony at_the_end_of the year.然后年底

25、最后的颁奖仪式随之而来。Many families struggled to make_ends_meet in economic crisis.经济危机时很多家庭努力使收支平衡。His life returned to normal after the war came_to_an_end.战争结束后他的生活恢复了正常。Policemen were called out to put_an_end_to the disorder in the streets.警察被召来平息街头的骚乱。a.By the end of this week, I will_have_finished most o

26、f the work.到本周末为止，我将会完成大部分工作。bHis newly written novel had_been_translated into English by the end of last month.上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。I ended_up_doing all the work myself.结果所有的活儿都是我一个人干的。2、a (great) number of 许多；大量的教材原句Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleep

27、ing.(P27)那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。归纳拓展可数名词复数不可数名词可数名词复数或不可数名词名师点睛(1)a large/great number of “许多的；大量的”，后面跟可数名词复数形式。number之前可加某些表示数量大小的形容词。a number of加复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)a great many后修饰可数名词时，通常不加of，但名词前有定冠词the或形容词性物主代词修饰时要加上of。(3)large quantities ofpl. n/ Un.作主语，谓语动词用复数；a large quantity ofpl. n. /Un.

28、作主语，谓语动词用单数；large amounts ofU n作主语，谓语动词用复数。(4)可数名词单数谓语(单数形式)语境助记A large number of people have_applied for the job.许多人申请了这工作。The number of homeless people has_increased dramatically.无家可归者的人数急剧增加了。With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed away.由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正被冲

29、走。A great deal of money has_been_spent on the new hospital.在这家新医院上面已经花费了大量金钱。一言辨异Now a_number_of college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job. But the_number_of posts available for them is often not enough.如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但可得到的岗位的数量却经常不足。高考句型突破1、In the farmyards, the chickens and even t

30、he pigs were too_nervous_to_eat. (P26)在农场里，鸡群甚至连猪都紧张得不吃食了。归纳拓展too.to. 本意“太而不能”，表示否定意义，而在下列情况中表示肯定意义：only/just/but too.to. “非常去做”too前的only/just/but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气too后面的形容词为表示心情或描绘性形容词的时候，如：happy, pleased, willing, thankful, delighted, anxious, eager, kind, good等，表示肯定意义。too.to. 中的too前面有never/ca

31、n't等时，此结构为双重否定表示肯定。can't. too/enough.意为“越越好；再也不为过”。语境助记It's too_late_to_do anything about it now.现在进行任何补救都为时已晚。You can't_be_too_careful while driving a car.在开车时，你越小心越好。He is only too_delighted_to accept your invitation.他非常高兴地接受了你的邀请。Upon hearing the teacher's talk, the children p

32、robably felt that it sounded too_good_to_be_true.听到老师的话，孩子们很可能觉得事情听起来太好了而有些不太真实。I hate it when she calls me at workI'm always too_busy_to_carry_on a conversation with her.我讨厌在我工作时她打电话过来，我总是忙得不能和她交谈。2、It seemed as_if the world was at an end！(P26)仿佛到了世界末日！归纳拓展名师点睛如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可

33、省略从句中的主语和be动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。语境助记He behaved as if nothing had_happened.他表现得若无其事。More generally, the Internet functions as if it_were my memory.一般来说，网络起得作用就好像它是我的记忆一样。The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he_is)_hurt_badly in the leg.这个足球运动员在操场上打着滚，似乎他的腿伤得很厉害。It look

34、s as if it_isn't clean enough to swim here.看起来(水)好像不太干净，不能在这儿游泳。Tom raised his right hand as though/if (he_was)_to_say something.汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。3、All hope was not lost.(P26)并不是所有的希望都破灭了。归纳拓展(1)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely等具有总括 意义的代词、形容词和副词与

35、否定词not连用时，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。名师点睛both的全部否定为neither； all的全部否定为none； either 与否定词连用表全部否定。语境助记It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not_all_of_

36、them are fit for them.所有的求职者都找到工作是不可能的，因为并非所有人都能胜任这些工作。Both of the two math problems are_not very difficult.Not_both of the two math problems are very difficult.这两道数学题并非都很难。He told me all pieces of the news, but none_of_them was very exciting.他告诉了我所有的消息，但没有一条激动人心的。语法知识冲关定语从句()在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从

37、句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：(1)连接主从句；(2)指代先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。关系代词的基本用法指代对象指代人指代物使用情况主语who, thatwhich，that从句中缺少主语或宾语宾语whom, thatwhich，that定语whosewhose先行词与空后的名词有所属关系She is the girl who/that lives next door.A man who

38、/that is perfectly pleased with the present state of things is a failure.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Bing?The building which/that stands near the river is our school.That is the book that/which I want to read.The building whose windows face south was built last year.关系代词的选择条件：从句中缺少主语或宾语时，

39、选用关系代词。注意：有些情况只用that不用which，或只用which不用that，要在平时学习中不断积累。三、典例剖析 思维拓展考点一 单句语法填空例1 Greatly _ (shock) at the sad news, he stood there, paralysed with fear.【答案】shocked【解析】考查分词作状语。shock与he之间为被动关系，故填shocked。例2 To our relief, up to now the injured in the crash of Tianjin _ (carry) to the nearby hospital.【答案】

40、have been carried【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据up to now可知，用现在完成时；再由主语与carry之间为被动关系可知，答案为现在完成时的被动语态。本题也要注意主谓一致。考点二 定语从句例1 I like the books on the shelf, _ covers are beautiful, are bought by my father.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为books，与主语covers存在所属关系，故填whose。例2 Do you have anything _ you want to say at the meeting?【

41、答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为不定代词，故填that。四、举一反三 成果巩固 考点一 用所给词的正确形式填空。1I haven't read all of his books before, but _ (judge) from the one I have read, I think he's a very promising writer.【答案】judging【解析】考查固定搭配。judging from.意为“由来判断”。2Seeing the _ (frighten) scene, the little girl was so _ (f

42、righten) that she cried suddenly.【答案】frightening; frightened【解析】考查ing与ed构成的形容词的区别。前者由现在分词转化而来，表示主动，意为“令人的”；后者由过去分词转化而来表示被动，意为“感到的”。3On seeing Jay Chou appear on the Voice of China, the audience burst out _ (cheer)【答案】cheering【解析】考查“burst outdoing”结构，意为“突然起来”。4With his face _ (bury) in the pillow, he

43、 cried loudly.【答案】buried【解析】考查with的复合结构。his face与bury之间为被动关系。5The rescue team has saved more than ten people _(trap) under the collapsed building.【答案】trapped【解析】考查过去分词作定语。trap与people之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，注意其拼写。6She found it was _ (extreme) difficult to get a job.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。此处是副词修饰形容词，extremely

44、 difficult“极其困难”。7She walked here and there on the playground as if _ (look) for something.【答案】looking【解析】考查省略结构“as ifdoing”。look与she之间为主动关系，故用looking。 in ruins； bury oneself in； give out； in the open air； a large number of； burst into； at an end； right away； think little of； dig out考点二 选词填空1Hearing

45、 the news that his mother was ill in hospital, he rushed to the hospital _.【答案】right away2He _ my advice, which made me very upset.【答案】thought little of3Though it was hot, I saw many people working _.【答案】in the open air4I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own

46、 _ books.【答案】a large number of5He felt so terrible that he thought his world was _.【答案】at an end6More than a dozen people _ of the ruins were still in hospital.【答案】dug out7_ the newspaper, she didn't notice what was happening.【答案】Burying herself in8He has refused to _ any information on the matt

47、er.【答案】give out9What surprised us is that the whole city lay _ in such a short time.【答案】in ruins10My English teacher's humor was such fun as to make every student _ laughter.【答案】burst into考点三 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。1He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them aga

48、in.【答案】either【解析】考查全部否定的用法。否定词与either连用表示全部否定。2I can't thank you _ much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.【答案】too【解析】考查“can't.too.”结构，意为“无论也不为过”。3I was wrapped (包裹) heavily and well sheltered _ the freezing and blowing weather.【答案】from【解析】考查固定搭配。shelter from. “躲避(风雨或危险

49、)”。4The two sportsmen congratulated each other _ winning the match by shaking hands.【答案】on【解析】考查固定搭配。congratulate sb. on doing sth.“祝贺某人做某事”。考点四 定语从句在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。1I think it was on the playground on _ we played basketball with some boys yesterday _ you lost your handbag.【答案】which; that【解析】第一空考查

50、定语从句，从句中缺少介词on的宾语，故只能填which；第二空考查强调句型。2Finally the manager adopted the best proposal _ had been put forward at the meeting.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。从句中缺主语，且先行词前有最高级修饰，故只能填that。3 After then Mary, _ we had been talking about earlier, walked in.【答案】whom【解析】考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。五、分层训练 能力进阶 【基础达标】. 用所给词的适

51、当形式填空1.It_(report) that Bin Lade was shot by American soldiers.2.It's_(use)to argue with the foolish person.3.Seeing the_(frighten) scene，the boy began to cry.4.Everyone_(shock) that he had been caught.5.I am sorry to hear that Yao Ming_(injure) one of his feet again.6.The girl is an_(extreme) p

52、opular student in the class，because she is very kind.7.The_(mine) was rescued after being trapped for 170 hours.8.Mary will never forget the_(suffer) caused by the car accident.9.A large amount of rainforest is being_(destroy)every day.10.I know that American_(nation) Day is 4th July.【答案】1.is report

53、ed 2.useless 3.frightening 4.was shocked 5.injured 6.extremely 7.miner 8.suffering 9.destroyed 10.National. 短文改错Yesterday，Li Mei goes to a store to return a shirt without carrying the receipt (收据)When she got there，she refused.The salesman said that he wouldn't take it back if she showed him the

54、 receipt.Thinking it was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left.Suddenly two shop guard stopped her and began to search for her.They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it careful.Many eyes were staring at her，what made Li Mei very embarrassing.Luckily，a salesman came up in ti

55、me and she was allowed to go.【答案】Yesterday，Li Mei to a store to return a shirt without carrying the receipt (收据)When she got there，she refused.The salesman said that he wouldn't take it back she showed him the receipt.Thinking was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left.Suddenly two shop stopped her and began to search for her.They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it .Many eyes were staring at her， mad