八年级英语知识点摘要

1、初中英语要点（八年级）上 册Unit 1 How often do you do exercise?Key phrases:1. how often 多久一次2. as for 至于，关于3. junk food 垃圾食品4.eating habit 饮食习惯5.of course 当然6.look after 照顾， 照看7. start with 以开始8. make a difference 使得结果不同，有重要性9. go shopping 去购物10.have a party 聚会11. go to the movie 去看电影12. once a week 每周一次13. hard

2、ly ever 很少14. twice a week 每周两次15. three times a week 每周三次16. watch TV 看电视17.on weekend 在周末18. do homework 做作业19. a lot of 许多20. try to do 试图（努力）做某事 21. help sb (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 22. the same as 和相同23.keep in good health 保持身体健康健康24.healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式1.掌握句型： 1)What do you usually do on week

3、ends? I often go to the movies. What does she do on weekends ? She often goes to the movies.What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.(watch TV、read books 、exercise 、clean、skateboard、 play basketball、wash clothes、go shopping、 go to movies)How often do you exercise/ ?2.Grammar1.常见的

4、频度副词有never(从不),hardly ever(几乎不), sometimes(有时),often(经常),usually (通常), always(总是).的用法.2.all, most , some和no的用法。Unit 2 Whats the matter?一.身体部位的表达 1.head 头2.neck脖子/颈3.shoulder 肩膀4.arm胳膊5.hand手6.finger手指7.stomach 胃8.back背9.leg腿10.knee膝盖11.foot脚12.face脸13.eye眼睛14.ear耳朵15.nose鼻子16.mouth嘴巴17.tooth牙齿18.thr

5、oat喉咙 二.病情的表达1.have a cold患感冒2.have a fever发烧3.have a headache头痛4.have a stomachache胃痛5.have a toothache牙痛6.have a sore throat喉咙痛7.have a sore back背酸痛8.have a sore neck脖子痛三.如何给建议1.see a doctor看医生2.drink lots of hot water多喝热水3.drink hot tea with honey喝加蜂蜜的热茶4.see a dentist看牙医5.take some medicine吃药6.s

6、houldnt eat anything不该吃任何东西7.lie down and (have a ) rest躺下休息8.go to bed early早点睡觉9.listen to music听音乐10.shouldnt eat any more 不该再吃四.看病的表达1.Whats matter?怎么了?2.Im not feeling well. I have a 我感觉身体不适, 我得了3.When did it start?什么时候开始的?4.It started ago.前开始的.5.Thats too bad. You should / shouldnt 那太糟糕了. 你应该/

7、不该6.Yes, I think so. / Thats a good idea.是的, 我也这样认为. / 好主意.7.I hope you feel better soon.我希望你早点好起来.五.重点短语1.lie down 躺下2.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶3.feel better 感觉好点4.get tired / angry / stressed out 变得疲惫/生气/紧张,有压力5.traditional Chinese doctors传统中医6.a balance of的平衡7.for example例如8.too much太多9.Chinese m

8、edicine中药10.western countries西方国家11.eat a balanced diet (吃)一个均衡的饮食12.a few一些 / 少许13.stay / keep healthy保持健康14.need to do sth.需要做某事15.at the moment现在 / 此刻16.host family寄宿家庭六.重点句型1.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.吃党参和黄芪也对这方面有益.V-ing 放句首当主语Eating too much junk food is bad for ou

9、r health.吃太多的垃圾食物对我们的健康有害.Watching TV for a long time is bad for our eyes.长时间看电视对我们的眼睛有害.Reading English newspapers is good for our English studying.读英语报纸对我们学习英语有益.2.People (who are too stressed out and angry) may have too much yang.(压力太大易生气的)人可能是阳气过盛.(who are too stressed out and angry) 为who 引导的定语从

10、句 当先行词为人时, 定语从句必须用关系词who引导Those (who study hard) can always get good grades.那些(学习刻苦的)人总能取得好成绩.The students (who are playing basketball) are all my classmates.那些(正在打篮球的)学生是我的同班同学.3.Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle. 拥有一个健康的生活方式(很)容易.4.Its important to eat a balanced diet.保持饮食的均衡是重要的.5.I believe it

11、s important to sleep eight hours a night.我相信一个晚上睡八个小时(很)重要.Its + adj + ( for sb. ) + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说Its easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的.Its bad for you to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对(眼睛)不好.6.I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.need to do sth. 需要做某事.We need to

12、 keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.7. Im not feeling well at the moment. 我现在感觉身体不适.at the moment = now 现在/ 此时常用现在进行时8. I sometimes stay late until 2 am. 我有时学习到很晚, 直到凌晨两点. 9.I dont think Im improving. 我认为我没有(在)进步.10.Im sorry to hear that听到我很抱歉/遗憾/感到难过Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 重点词组(K

13、ey Phrases) go sightseeing 去观光旅行 take walks去散步 go fishing 去钓鱼 rent videos 租录像带 take a vacation 去度假 think about 考虑；思考 decide on 决定 the Great Lakes 五大湖（加拿大与美国之间的五个大湖） Hong Kong香港 how long多久 get back 回来 San Francisco 旧金山（美国加利福尼亚州西部港市） sports camp运动野营 go bike riding骑自行车旅行 go camping 去野营 go hiking去远足 sho

14、w sb sth 给某人看某物 Send sb sth 送某人某物 the Great Wall 长城 have a good time 玩得很高兴，过得很愉快 三. 交际用语 What are you doing for vacation? 你假期准备干什么？ I'm visiting my grandmother. 我准备去看我的奶奶。 When are you going? 你想什么时候去？ Im going next week. 我打算下周去. What's she doing for vacation? 她假期准备干什么？ She is going camping.

15、她打算去野营。 What are they doing for vacation? 他们假期准备干什么？ They are relaxing at home. 他们打算在家里放松一下。 How long are you staying? 你要呆多久?We are staying for two weeks. 我们要呆两周.四. 重点难点释义 (Language Points)1. What's she doing for vacation? 她假期要干什么？ She's babysitting her sister. 她要照看她妹妹。 （1）这两个句子都出现了现在进行时，但在这

16、里是用来表示“将要”的意思。现在进行时可以用来表示“近期打算做”。 e.g. Are you playing tomorrow? 你明天打算打比赛吗？ She is leaving for Wuhan next weak. 她打算下周去武汉。 （2）for vacation 度假 介词 for 在这里表示目的。e.g. He is out for a walk. 他外出散步去了。 He does everything only for money. 他做什么都只是为了钱。 vacation n. 假期，休假 指一次的休假（无论假日有多少天） 英国英语中用来指大学的休假，法庭的休庭期 take

17、a vacation 去度假 babysit 指婴儿双亲外出时充当临时看护 其现在分词要双写“ t ”再加 -ing, babysitting. 其过去式多用“ did babysitting ” . e.g. Last year I did babysitting in my brother's. 去年我曾在哥哥家当临时看护。 babysitter n . 临时看护，临时保姆，简称为 sitter. 2. I'm going camping. z我打算去野营。 go v-ing 去做（通常表示一次性动作） =go to do e.g. go shopping =go to s

18、hop go fishing =go to fish go skating =go to skate go swimming =go to swim 3. When are you going? 你什么时候走？ I'm going on Monday. 我打算星期一走。 （1）when 引导的是特殊疑问句, when 可指比较广泛的时间, 也可指比较具体的时刻。 e.g. When are you coming to see me? 你什么时候来看我？ When does she get up every day? 她每天什么时候起床？ （2）注意在表示时间的名词前介词的用法： 在年、

19、月、季节和泛指的一天中的上午、下午、傍晚前用“ in ” . e.g. in 1990; in summer; in the morning; in the afternoon; in the evening 在特指的某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上前用“ on ” . e.g. on a cold morning; on Sunday; on Saturday afternoon; on November 12th 在具体的时刻前用“ at ” . e.g. at half past ten; at 2 o'clock 4. I'm going to Tibet for a we

20、ek. 我要去西藏一个星期。 for 在这里表示时间，通常接表示一段时间的词组。 e.g. We walked for two hours. 我们走了两个星期。 e.g. I am in this city for 10 years. 我在这个城市呆了 10 年。5. That sounds nice. 听起来不错。 1）sound 是动词，意思是: 听起来, 发出声音： That sounds interesting. 听起来很有意思。 That sounds great. 听起来太好了。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 Your propos

21、al sounds quite feasible. 你的提议听起来很可行。 When the bell sounds, you must come in. 铃响时，你必须进来6. How long are you staying? 你打算呆多久？ how long 多久，多长（1）“多长时间”，询问某个动作或状态持续了多久，在这种情况下，与之连用的动词应该是延续性动词，回答一般用 for 表示时间段的词组。 e.g. How long did he stay here? For two days. 他在这儿呆了多久？ 两天了。 （2）“多长”用来询问具体的事物的长度和空间的长度。 e.g. H

22、ow long is this river? 这条河有多长？ How long is your vacation? 你的假期有多长？ 7. Where are you going for vacation? 你要去哪里度假？ where 引导的是特殊疑问句，回答应该是地点。 e.g. I'm going to Hawaii. 我计划去夏威夷。 8. She's leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday. 她打算星期二去香港。 leave for （离开）去 leave for 离开去 e.g. They're leaving Wuhan for

23、Shanghai next week. 他们打算下周离开武汉去上海。 9. How long are you staying ? 你要在那里呆多久？How long 是对表示持续的一段时间来提问。因此回答时，也要用表示一段时间的时间状语，而不是具体时刻。e.g. How long is he staying ? Hes staying for a week . 他要呆一个礼拜。或Hes staying until September . 他在那里一直到九月份。10. Where are you going for vacation ? 你要去哪里度假？I m going to Italy （G

24、reece or Spain ）. 我要去意大利（希腊或西班牙）。11. Whats it like there ? 那里怎么样？这个句型是我们在第二册中学习过的，当时我们对人提问，“Whats she like ? ”她这人怎么样。现在是对地点对问，请你介绍一下对某地的看法与印象。你可以回答：Its beautiful ! Its wonderful ! 等等。12. Hows the weather there ? 那里的天气怎么样？这也是上学期我们学过的句子。你可以用一系列表示天气的词来回答。如It s cool . （hot , humit , warm ）13.Ben Lambert

25、s Vacation Plans plan （1）n. 计划 e.g. What's your study plan? 你的学习计划是什么？ （2）v. 计划做，打算做。 plan to do/plan on doing. e.g. He plans to go to London for vacation. 他计划去伦敦度假。 Do you plan to stay/on staying over night here? 你打算在这儿过夜吗？ 14.but finally decided on Cannada.decide v. 决定，下决心decide on n. 决定e.g. S

26、he decided on the red shoes. 她决定要买那双红鞋。 Mr. Green decides on spending the vacation by sea. 格林先生决定在海边度假。decide to do sth. 下决心要做某事 =make up one's mind to do sth. e.g. My father decides to buy a new car. 我爸爸决定要买一辆新车。15. I cant wait. 我迫不及待.如: I cant wait to read his novel.我迫不及待想看他的小说.16. I just fini

27、shed making my last movie. 我刚刚拍完上一部电影.Make a movie 拍电影.五. 语法知识现在进行时表示将来的用法现在进行时除表示现在外,还可表示将来,常有"意图"、"安排"或"打算"的含义。这种用法比较生动,给人一种期待感。它常表示最近或较近的将来,所使用的动词多是转移动词。如: I'm going. 我就要走了。 We're leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天就去北京。 When are you starting? 你们什么时候动身? They a

28、re coming here this afternoon. 他们今天下午来这儿。 表示将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外,也可用于某些非转移动词。如: What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么? My mother is buying me a bike soon. 我妈妈不久将给我买一辆自行车。 I'm meeting you after class. 课后我要找你。 偶尔也表示较远的将来。如: When I grow up, I'm joining the army. 我长大了要参军。 表示将来的现在进行时有时含有"决心

29、"的意思,多用于否定结构中。如: I'm not going there. 我不去那儿了。 I'm not waiting for him any longer. 我不再等他了。 用这种进行时与对方讲话时可变成命令,不过语气比较温和。如: You're staying. 你留下来吧。 You're taking part in the sports meeting. 你参加运动会吧。 同一般现在时一样,现在进行时也可用在时间、条件或原因状语从句中表示将来。如: If they are not going, I won't go, either.

30、 如果他们不去,我也不去。 When you are passing my way, please drop in. 当你路过我家时, 请进来坐坐。Unit 4 How do you get to school?一. 话题(Topic) transportation and distances二. 重点词组(Key Phrases) grow up 长大，成长 take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事 in common 共有，相同 leave for 离开去某地 travel abroad 去国外旅游 go down to 延续至；走下去 most

31、 of 大多数的 some of 一些 take the subway 乘坐地铁 how far 多远 bus station 汽车站 bus ride 乘汽车之行 school bus 校车 come back 回来 take the train 乘坐火车 take the bus 乘坐公共汽车 get to school 到校 by boat乘坐小船 walk to school 步行去上学 from .to. 从.到. half past six 六点半 depend on 依靠，依赖 be different from 和.不同 have to不得不三. 交际用语 1. How do

32、you get to school ? 你怎样到学校？ 2. How does Mary get to school ? Mary怎样到学校？ 3. She takes the train . 她乘火车。 4. How long does it take ? 花多长时间？ 5. It takes about 10 minutes to walk and 15 minutes by bus . 走路大约要用10分钟，乘公共汽车要用15分钟。 6. How far is it from his home to school ? 从他家到学校有多远？ 7. Its three miles . 三英里

33、。 8. How do I get there ? 我怎么（才能）到那儿？ 9. How far is it from here ? 从这儿（到那儿）有多远？ 10. How far do you live from school ? 你住的地方离学校有多远？ 四. 重点难点释义(Language Points)section A1. How do you get to school ? 你是怎样到学校的。特殊疑问词How表示“怎么样” get to表示“到达”。相当于reach . 如：I get to school at 8 oclock . 或：I reach school at 8 o

34、clock . 注意：get to + 名词，必须有“to”，因为“get”是不及物动词，如get to Beijing。 而reach Beijing . “reach”因为是及物动词，可直接跟宾语，不加“to”。 另外：get to后如果跟“there , here , home”这三个副词时，不加“to”。 get there 到达那里 get here 到达这里 get home 到家 arrive也表示到达，后面要加介词in或at.如：He arrived in London at 3 p.m. 他下午三点到达伦敦。此外：（同“get to”一样，后跟副词“there , here

35、, home”时介词“in”或“at”不出现。如：He arrived home yesterday .昨天他到家了。）2. 表示乘什么交通工具时可以说： He takes the train . 他乘火车。take表示“乘坐” He takes the bus . 他乘公共汽车。 还有表示交通方式时可以说： He gets to school by bus / train / plane或air / ship / car 他乘公共汽车/火车/飞机/船/小卧车到学校。 by“介词”表示“乘”什么工具。 注意在by和bus等中间不加冠词“the”。 但当我们说步行到哪里时不用介词“by”，而用“

36、on”。 on foot 如：He goes to school on foot . 他步行去学校。 此外还可以说成：He walks to school . 3. 在美国我们说地下铁为subway . 英国将地下铁称为underground . 4. How long does it take ? take 在这里表示“花费时间”、“占用”、“需要”的意思。 如：It takes twenty - five minutes . 占用25分钟。 5. How long does it take you to get from home to school ? To do something t

37、ake(s) somebody (sb) some time 做某件事情占用某人时间 如：To get to the hospital takes you half an hour . 其中“To get to the hospital”是不定式做主语。 不定式结构就是to + 动词原形。 如：want to play 中“to play”就是不定式。 在上一例句中不定式（划线）部分作主语太长，使句子不平衡。为了保持句子平衡，我们将它放在句尾。这时需要一个“形式”主语来代替它放在主语的位置。那么上一句就应该为：It takes you half an hour to get to the ho

38、spital . It为形式主语。 到目前为止我们已经学了几种“it”的用法。 1）表示动物的“它”。It is a panda .它是个熊猫。 2）表示前边提到过的事情或物。 如：I like the book . It is interesting . 3）表示天气。 It is warm . 天很暖和。 4）表示距离： It is ten miles。距离10英里。 5）作形式主语： It is important to eat a balanced diet . 真正的主语是to eat a balanced diet . 6）表示时间： It is 8 oclock . fromto

39、表示“从到” from Shanghai to Beijing .从上海到北京。6. 在英语中以how开头的特殊疑问句有:How old are you?How are you?How do you like the book?How is the weather?How long are you staying there?How soon will she be back?How often do you watch TV?How far is it from his home to school.注意: “How far” 表示 “距离”有多远。7. Then he leaves for

40、 school at around half past six.(1) Leave 动词:“离开,留下” 将托给他人;剩下;让处于状态。如: Its time for us to leave. He left England and never returned. Many children leave school at 16. Leave the door open., please. Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain. He left his gloves on the bus. Someone left this note for y

41、ou. There is ten minutes left.另外: leave 还有很多固定搭配.Leave it at that 到此为止吧 leave the room 上厕所Leave off 停止 leave sth over 推迟某事Leave for 前往某地(2) around 介词, 到处,在附近,围绕;大约.如: I hope to travel around the world.我希望环球旅行。Dont throw about the litter. 不要乱仍杂物。I saw him around the place this morning.今天早晨我看见他在附近。The

42、 earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。It happened around ten years ago.这件事发生在大约10年前。副词, “在周围,到处,大概,大约”They met at around 5 oclock.他们大约在五点钟见面。They looked around, but they found nobody. 他们向四周看,但没发现一个人。Section B1. bus stop stop 这里是名词,停止,逗留;停车站.例如: The train came to a sudden stop.那辆火车突然停下来。The trains goes

43、 from London to Leeds with only two stops.那次列车从伦敦到利兹只停两站。Where is the nearest bus stop?最近的公共汽车站在哪?Which stop do I get off at?我应该在哪下车?动词 “停止;阻止,堵塞,逗留”例如: He never stops talking?他总是说个不停。Its getting late. lets stop to go home. 天黑了,让我们停下来回家吧。Our teacher stops us from swimming in that river.我们的老师阻止我们在那条河

44、里游泳。2. bus station station 名词 站,所,台.A fire station 消防站 a police station派出所 TV station 电视台 3. In China , it depends on where you are. depend v. 依靠，依赖1) depend（常与on, upon连用）视情况而定That depends. 视情形而定。It all depends on how you tackle the problem. 那要看你如何应付这问题而定。2)（常与on 连用）信任，信赖；需要I haven't a car, I ha

45、ve to depend on the buses. 我没有汽车，只能靠公共汽车。Children must depend on their parents. 孩子们必须依赖他们的父母。You can depend on his honesty. 你可以相信他的诚实。depend on 依靠；由.而定, 取决于；从属于；依赖其维持depend upon 依靠；由.而定, 取决于；从属于；依赖其维4. A small number of students take the subway to school A number of “一些” 这个短语的后面只可以修饰可数名词复数。例如: A num

46、ber of questions have come out.已经出现了一些问题。A large number of people lost their lives in that accident. 在那场事故中许多人丧生了。只可以修饰可数名词复数的词还有many, few, a few.可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词的词有,some ,a lot of, lots of. 五. 语法知识一般现在时一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。e.g. I get up at 6:30 in the morning. 我早晨6：00起床。He

47、is at home. 他在家。We all like Mr. Li. 我们都喜欢李老师。She can speak English. 她会说英语。一般现在时的构成：（1）肯定句：主语+谓语动词+其他。（注意：当主语为第三人称单数的时候谓语动词后要加s或es. ）e.g. I read English every morning. 我每天早上读英语。 Mr. Jack reads newspaper after supper every day.（2）否定句：主语+ don't（doesn't ） +动词原形+其他。e.g. I don't go to school o

48、n Sunday. 我星期天不上学。He doesn't read English in the morning. 他早上不读英语。（3）一般疑问句：助动词Do（Does）+主语+动词原形+其他+? e.g. Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗? Yes, I do. 是的，我喜欢。 Does she like English? 她喜欢英语吗? No, she doesn't. 不，她不喜欢。（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+? What do you do every day? 你每天做些什么?What does he do every day?

49、他每天做些什么?When does Mr. Jack read newspaper every day? Unit 5 Can you come to my party?【语言目标】Can you come to my birthday party? Yes, Id love to. /Sorry, I cant .I have to study for a test.Im sorry. Im playing soccer on Saturday. When is the party? Its at seven-thirty. 【重点词汇】 today, tomorrow , the day after tomorrow, next week,/ lesson, invitation【应掌握的词组】 1. come to ones p