牛津译林版七年级下册英语：Unit 4 Finding your way 词汇与语法基础训练

1、.Unit 4 Finding your way知识精讲一、必背词汇follow vt. 跟随；仿效path n. 小路，小径north n., adj.&adv. 北，北方west n., adj.&adv.西，西方south n., adj.&adv. 南，南方east n., adj.&adv.东，东方trip n. 旅行，旅游kilometre n. =km<英> 千米，公里 =<美>kilometereverybody pron. 每人， 人人straight adv. 径直地on adv. 向前挪动，进展下去；电灯等开bamb

2、oo n. 竹along prep. 沿着，顺着road n. 路，道路king n. 国王remember vt. 记得，记住that conj. 用于动词、形容词或名词后引导从句dangerous adj. 危险的sound n. 声音forest n. 森林funny adj. 好笑的，滑稽的laugh vi. 笑，大笑giraffe n. 长颈鹿quite adv. 相当，非常neck n. 脖子leaf n.pl.leaves树、菜叶north-east n., adj.&adv.东北方bridge n. 桥cross vt. 穿过，横过cage n. 笼子，鸟笼across

3、 prep. 在对面；穿过，横过inside prep. 在里面outside prep. 在外面above prep. 在上面sign n. 指示牌over prep.在上面bench n. 长椅past prep. 在另一边，到另一侧treasure n. 宝藏turning n. 转弯处traffic n.交通，来往车辆should modal v. 应当，应该crossing n. 穿插路口corner n. 拐角，街角；角落prepare vt. 准备plenty pron. 大量，充足exit n. 出口bank n. 银行#:第 21 页二、重点词汇1. follow verb

4、/fl./1. to move behind someone or something and go where he, she, or it goes跟随；跟着例句： She followed me into the kitchen. 她跟着我进了厨房。2. to happen or come after something发生；在后发生例句： We were not prepared for the events that followed = happened next. 我们没有料到后来发生的事。3. to obey or to act as ordered by someone听从；

5、遵循；遵从例句： I decided to follow her advice and go to bed early. 我决定听从她的建议，早早上床睡觉。4. to have a great interest in something or watch something closely对有浓重兴趣；亲密关注例句： He follows most sports avidly. 他对大多数体育运动有浓重的兴趣。2. plenty pronoun, noun, adverb /plen.ti/the state of having enough or more than enough, or a

6、 large amount丰富，充足，大量例句： "Would you like some more wine?" "No thanks, I've had plenty." “还想要点酒吗？“不，谢谢，已经足够了。They've always had plenty of money. 他们总是有很多钱。There's plenty to do here. 这里有很多事要做。3. dangerous adjective /den.dr.s/A dangerous person, animal, thing, or activity

7、 could harm you.危险的，有威胁的；不平安的例句： dangerous chemicals 危险化学品The men are armed and dangerous. 那些人携带武器，太危险了。4. funny adjective /fn.i/1. humorous; causing laughter滑稽的；有趣的例句： Do you know any funny jokes? 你知道什么有趣的笑话吗？2. strange, surprising, unexpected, or difficult to explain or understand奇怪的；出人意外的；古怪的；难以解

8、释的；难以理解的例句：The washing machine is making a funny noise again. 洗衣机又发出奇怪的声响了。5. treasure noun /tre.r/1. very valuable things, usually in the form of a store of precious metals, precious stones, or money财宝；珍宝例句：Stories about pirates often include a search for buried treasure. 海盗故事中经常包括搜寻宝藏。2. someone w

9、ho is very helpful and valuable to you很有用的人；很重要的人例句： I don't know what I'd have done without Lizzie when I was ill - she was an absolute treasure. 我生病时要不是利齐真不知道我会怎么样她这人绝对是个宝。【拓展】treasuresvery valuable things, especially pieces of art珍宝；尤指艺术珍品The museum houses many priceless treasures. 这家博物馆收

10、藏了许多价值连城的珍品。三、必背短语have to 不得不， 必须all day long 整天地traffic lights 红绿灯prepare for 为准备plenty of 大量，足够make people laugh 让人发笑all kinds of 各式各样turn left 左转四、经典句型1. Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School.阳光动物园在阳光中学的北面。2. Where are we going for our class trip?班级旅行我们去哪里？3. Go straight on, and you'

11、;ll find the Panda House.一直走，你就能找到熊猫馆。4. There are also birds, aren't there?这里也有鸟类，对吧？5. Take the second turning on the right.在第二个拐角处右转。6. Which way should I go at the traffic lights?到了交通灯我应该走哪条路？三点剖析一、考点1. 冠词的用法1. 不定冠词a, an的用法1 不定冠词有a和an两个，表示“一个，“一类或“一，可以说是单数名词的帽子，用于单数名词之前。 区别例如aa 的用法用于辅音音素开头的单

12、词前a bus; a universityaan 的用法用于元音音素开头的单词前an orange; an hour说明：a用在辅音因素前，而不是用在辅音字母前；an用在元音因素前，而不是用在元音字母前。2 当第一次提到某人或某物时，用a或an起介绍作用。例句：-What is this? 这是什么？-It is a bus. 这是一辆公共汽车。3 指某人或某物，但不详细说明何人或何物。例句：A boy is looking for you. 一个男孩儿正在找你。4 表示数量，有“一的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。例句：I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.

13、 我有一张嘴，一个鼻子和两只眼睛。5 表示“每一，相当于every。例句：Lucy and I go to school six days a week. 我和露西每周上六天学。6 用在序数词前，表示“又一、“再一。例句：Mr. and Mrs. Shute had a daughter called Jane. Then they had a second childa son.舒特夫妇有一个女儿名叫简。不久，他们又有了一个小孩一个儿子。7 用于可视为一体的两个名词前。例句：a knife and fork 一副刀叉8 当名词被such, so, many等词修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。

14、例句：-Did you see the football match last night?-Yes, I have never seen such an exciting match before.昨晚你看足球比赛了吗？看了，我从来没看过那么让人冲动的比赛。9 用在某些固定词组中。例句：a lot of 许多，大量a little 一点儿a few 一些，少数几个          in a hurry 匆忙 have a cold 感冒make a face 做鬼脸   

15、      a number of许多a pair of 一对have a good time玩儿得很快乐 have a swim=swimhave a walk=walkhave a look=look2. 定冠词the的用法既表示“这个，“那个，又表示“这些，“那些；既可用在单数名词前，也可用于复数名词前。1 特指某些人或某些事物。例句：The book on the desk is a story book. 特指桌上的那本书。2 指说话人与听话人彼此所熟悉的人或事物。例句：Let's meet at the bus statio

16、n. 双方都知道的那个汽车站。3 复述上文提过的人或事物。例句：-Whats this? -Its a schoolbag. The schoolbag is Liu Taos.这是什么？这是个书包。这个书包是刘涛的。4 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例句：the sun太阳he moon月亮the sky天空5 在序数词、形容词最高级前。如：Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 6 习惯用法中。例句：in the morningin the afternoonin the evening7 定冠词the的其他用法主要用法例如与单数名词连用

17、表示一类事物，或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人 the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸；the living 生者; the rich 富人用于表示方向或方位的名词前the east 东方; the left 左边用于江河海洋，山脉群岛，海峡海湾的专有名词前the Red Sea 红海；the Himalayas喜马拉雅山用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国the United States美国用在表示乐器的名词之前She can play the piano.她会弹钢琴。用在

18、姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人the Greens格林一家人3. 零冠词的用法1 国名，人名前通常不用冠词。例句：England英国China 中国Mary玛丽2 名词前有this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等词时，不用冠词。例句：This is my hat. 这是我的帽子。3 在表示交通工具、学科名称的名词前不加冠词。例句：by planeby boaton footChinese/ English4 在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，一般不用冠词。例句：Spring is coming. 春

19、天要来了。We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。5 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词。例句：have breakfast吃早饭play football 踢足球play chess玩象棋6 在一些固定词组中不加冠词。例句：at home 在家at first 起初at last 最后at once 立即at noon 在中午at work 在工作on time 准时at night 在晚上in school 在上学in class 在课上in bed 在床上for example 例如go shopping/swi

20、mming/boating/fishing 去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼7 零冠词的其它用法主要用法例如泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时 They are teachers. 他们是老师。抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Man cannot live without water.人分开水就无法生存。在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词President Bush；Professor Smith布什总统；史密斯教授当两个或两个以上名词并用时

21、，常省去冠词I cant write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔或铅笔，我就写不了字。2. 方位介词的用法1. at, inat 1表示在小地方; 2表示“在附近,旁边；in 1表示在大地方; 2表示“在范围之内；例句：arrive at office; arrive in Beijing.2. in, on, toin表示在范围内；on 表示毗邻,接壤；to 表示在范围外,不强调是否接壤。例句：He arrived at the station at ten. 他10点钟到达了车站。He is sitting at the desk. 他坐在桌子旁边。He arri

22、ved in Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天到达的上海。Jiangsu lies in the east of China. 江苏在中国东部。Russia lies on the north of China. 俄罗斯在中国北边。Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province. 福建在江苏省南边。3. above, over, on 在上above 指在上方, 不强调是否垂直, 与below 相对；over 指在垂直的上方, 与under 相对, 但over 与物体有一定的空间, 不直接接触；on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。例句：The b

23、ird is flying above my head. 鸟从我的头顶飞过。There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。He put his watch on the desk. 他把手表放在了桌上。4. below, under 在下面under 表示在正下方；below 表示在下,不一定在正下方。例句：There is a cat under the table. 桌子下面有只猫。Please write your name below the line. 请在这条线下写上你的名字。二、易错点1. be sure常用构造1. be sure to do

24、sth.一定、肯定会做某事例句：You are sure to enjoy the film. 你一定会喜欢这部电影的。2. be sure of/about sth.确信某事；对某事有把握例句：Are you sure of the result? 你对结果有把握吗？3. be sure + that.对肯定/有把握例句：I'm sure that smoking is not good for your health.我确信吸烟对你的安康无益。2. sound, noise 与voice1. sound意为“声音，指可以听到的任何声音，强的，弱的，令人愉快的或不愉快的，有意义的或无

25、意义的。例句：Light travels much faster than sound. 光的传播速度比声音快很多。2. noise常指太响或人们不愿听到的声音，即“嘈杂声、喧闹声，是不可数名词。例句：The boys made too much noise. 这些男孩子们太吵闹了。3. voice指“说话声；唱歌声；嗓音等。例句：That sounds like Marys voice. 那声音听起来好似玛丽的声音。题模精选题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.1.1 Jack is _ of the dark. He never goes out at night.A sadB afraid

26、C fondD happy例1.1.2 根据句意及汉语、英语或首字母提示写出单词。1. There is no _ 路 in the front. We have to go down from here.2. Its _ danger to jump down from the tree.3. This sign tells us that we can go s_ on.题模二：冠词和方位介词例1.2.1 The teenagers had _ good time in the summer camp in their sister school.A aB anC theD /例1.2.2

27、 根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1. 走过斑马线，然后向右拐，你就会看到博物馆。Walk _ the zebra crossing; then turn _ and you will _ the museum.2. 从树上下来吧，别害怕！Come _ _ the tree. Don't _ _!随堂练习随练1.1 -Excuse me, where you meet Tom just now?-_.A On my way homeB In my way homeC On my way to homeD In my way to home随练1.2 In spring, we can

28、often hear some birds _ in our school.A singingB singC to singD sings随练1.3 根据句意及汉语、英语或首字母提示写出单词。1. The cinema is _ 东北 of the park.2. .You can hear all kinds of _ 声音 in the hill.3. .Boys' hobbies are _ 相当 different from girls'.4. A _ 长颈鹿 is one of the tallest animals.5. Pandas like to eat _ 竹

29、子.6. _ 人人 here knows each other very well.7. A lion is often called the _ 国王 of Jungle8. -Do I need to c_ the road at the crossing?No, you don't. The post office is just on your right.9. -English is like a b_. It makes people in the east and west understand each other.-You're right. It's

30、 really important for us to learn it well.10. -Sorry, I can't r_ your name.-I'm Helen. Nice to meet you again.11. The tree _ leaf get yellow in autumn.12. The _ fun jokes made us laugh again and again.随练1.4 -Morning, class. Is _ here today?-No, sir. Tom is absent. He is ill at home.A anybody

31、B everybodyC nobodyD somebody随练1.5 You must be careful when you swim _ the lake.A acrossB belowC overD through随练1.6 -Why are you standing there, Maggie?-I can't see the words on the blackboard. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A behindB next toC besideD in front of自我总结课后作业作业1 You _ take me to the

32、station. My brother's taking me.A can'tB mustn'tC shouldn'tD don't have to作业2 There _ lots of traffic on this road at this time of day.A areB isC hasD have作业3 根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1. 一半的学生明天将去公园野餐。_ _ the students _ _ _ _ in the park tomorrow.2. 谢谢你邀请我参加你的生日聚会。Thank you for _ _ _ your

33、 birthday party.3. 你能告诉我怎么去人民剧院吗?Can you tell me _ _ _ _ Renmin Theatre?4. 从A 出口出来，然后向右拐，在你的右边你将会看到一个旅店。_ _ at Exit A, and then _ _. You will see a thotel _ _ _.5. 我们期待着再次参观你们的学校。We are _ _ _ _ your school again.作业4 Walk _ this street; turn right _ the second crossing and you'll find the bank.A

34、past; atB along; atC cross; toD to; at作业5 Could you buy me today's Yangtze Evening when you walk _ the newspaper stand 报亭?A alongB acrossC pastD into作业6 _ left, and you will see giraffes after you _ the bridge.A To turn; crossB To turn; acrossC Turn; acrossD Turn; cross答案解析题模精选题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.

35、1.1【答案】B【解析】 考察固定搭配，根据He never goes out at night.可知考察be afraid of表示“害怕。应选B。例1.1.2【答案】 1. road2. dangerous3. straight【解析】 考察本课词汇的应用，需注意联络语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。题模二：冠词和方位介词例1.2.1【答案】A【解析】 考察固定搭配，have a good time意为“玩的开心。应选A。例1.2.2【答案】 1. across; right; see2. down from; be afraid【解析】 考察本课语法的应用，需注意联络语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】A【解析】 考察固定搭配，句意：请问.你刚刚在哪儿遇见汤姆的？在我回家的路上