【KS5U解析】北京市通州区2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含解析

1、通州区2019-2020学年第二学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷本试卷共10页，三部分，共120分。考试时长100分钟考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。acustoms play a significant role in festivals,_1_sometimes they can change over time. with the dev

2、elopment of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. one example is the typical chinese spring festival custom of_2_(light) firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. nowadays, many big cities_3_(give) up th

3、is custom in order to avoid air pollution. another example is halloween,_4_slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.【答案】1. but 2. lighting 3. have given 4. which【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了风俗习惯在节日中起着重要的作用，但有时会随着时间的推移而改变。随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失而另一些可能会建立。并举出了一些具体的例子来说

4、明这一现象。【1题详解】考查连词。句意：风俗习惯在节日中起着重要的作用，但有时会随着时间的推移而改变。前后句之间为转折关系，应用but连接。前后句之间为转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个例子就是典型的中国春节习俗，燃放鞭炮驱赶邪恶的灵魂，庆祝新年。上文of为介词后跟动名词作宾语。故填lighting。【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意：如今，为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了这一习俗。根据上文nowadays可知描述过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响应用现在完成时，主语为cities，故助动词应用have。故填have given。【4题详解】考查定语从句

5、。句意：另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它起源于宗教，但它却成了让孩子们兴奋的节日。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词halloween，且在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故应用关系代词which。故填which。bthough lin qiaozhi never married, she _5_ (know) as the ''mother of ten thousand babies'', having delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime. dr lin did not retire_6_ th

6、e day she died, 22 april 1983. since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. and even as she lay _7_ (die), her final thoughts were for others; ''i'm ready to go,'' she said. ''don't try to rescue me any more.

7、 don't waste the medicine any more. ''【答案】5. was known 6. until 7. dying【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了林巧稚医生，她一生未嫁，致力于治病救人，并把自己的积蓄都捐了出去。【5题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是主句谓语动词，由上文的married判断为一般过去时，主语she和know之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was known。【6题详解】考查连词。句意：林医生直到她去世的那天才退休，1983年4月22号。根据句意可知，此处用连词until“直到”符合语境，

8、notuntil“直到才”，故填until。【7题详解】考查形容词。该句语法结构是主语 + 谓语 + 状语，dying属于形容词作状语,译为“垂死的”。侧重说明主语“林巧稚”的状态，故填dying。cin the afternoon, i headed to a local museum _8_ showed the historical changes in california. i _9_ (learn) that america got california from mexico in 1848. in the same year, gold was discovered near

9、san francisco, which started a gold rush. over 300,000 people came from all over the world _10_ (seek) their fortune, and san francisco quickly became a big city.【答案】8. that/which 9. learnt 10. to seek【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了作者去了当地的博物馆，了解加利福尼亚州的历史变化以及当时因为在旧金山附近发现黄金而引发的黄金热现象。【8题详解】考查定语从句。句意：下午，我去了当地的一家博物馆，那

10、里展示着加州的历史变迁。本句为定语从句修饰先行词museum，且先行词在从句中作主语，指“博物馆”故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。【9题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我了解到美国在1848年从墨西哥手中买下了加州。结合全文语境可知描述的是过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填learnt。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：超过30万人从世界各地前来寻找他们的财富，旧金山很快成为一个大城市。分析句子结构可知seek在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式。故填to seek。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每

11、题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a couple of weeks ago, when some friends and i took a trip to amsterdam, the capital of the netherlands, i immediately _11_ it. since we are all living in north germany which is not very _12_,it only took us a few hours on the train _13_ we were at the heart of th

12、is _14_ city. the minute we stepped off the _15_, we were surrounded by _16_ architecture and weaving canals.we stayed at a youth hostel( 旅社),which was a typical tall dutch house with lots of stairs. i _17_ staying in youth hostel; it is such a great _18_ to meet people from all over the world and _

13、19_ your different experiences and _20_ we stayed in a room with an argentinian, who we befriended right away, and we spent a lot of _21_ together.during our stay, we made sure to make the most of what amsterdam has to _22_ we took a boat trip through the _23_, which gave us some great _24_ of the f

14、antastic architecture and canals. we also made sure to go to the van gogh museum, which is one of the city's most famous tourist attractions, and consists of a _25_ collection of his work, along with details of his _26_ and the work of other artists that knew him. one of my favourite parts of th

15、e trip, though it was rather _27_, was our visit to the anne f rank museum. she was a jewish girl who hid with her family for 2 years before the nazis _28_ them and sent them to the death camps. it was a very _29_ experience, and certainly worth seeing.overall, i think amsterdam is one of my favouri

16、te cities that i have ever been to, and i would love to _30_someday!11. a. rememberedb. lovedc. recognizedd. knew12. a. hillyb. openc. similard. far13. a. beforeb. whenc. unlessd. since14. a. remoteb. warmc. beautifuld. industrial15. a. trainb. taxic. boatd. flight16. a. strangeb. modernc. lowd. ama

17、zing17. a. regretb. enjoyc. imagined. miss18. a. differenceb. pityc. decisiond. chance19. a. protectb. declarec. shared. ignore20. a. clothesb. culturesc. attituded. knowledge21. a. timeb. moneyc. energyd. effort22. a. createb. teachc. offerd. promise23. a. cityb. countryc. fieldd. bridge24. a. news

18、b. expectationsc. viewsd. ideas25. a. recentb. hugec. dailyd. growing26. a. performanceb. lifec. teamd. progress27. a. interestingb. terriblec. crazyd. sad28. a. foundb. servedc. blamedd. misunderstood29. a. subjectiveb. commonc. directd. moving30. a. visitb. travelc. returnd. go【答案】11. b 12. d 13.

19、a 14. c 15. a 16. d 17. b 18. d 19. c 20. b 21. a 22. c 23. a 24. c 25. b 26. b 27. d 28. a 29. d 30. c【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友一起去阿姆斯特丹的旅行。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和朋友们去荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹去旅行，一到那里我就爱上了这座城市。aremembered记住；bloved喜欢；crecognized认出；dknew 知道。根据下文中对作者和朋友愉快旅行的描述及最后一段中的i think amsterdam is one of my favo

20、rite cities可知，当作者和朋友在阿姆斯特丹旅行时，他就爱上了这里。故选b项。【12题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我们都住在德国北部，离那儿并不远。ahilly多山的；bopen开放的；csimilar相似的；dfar远的。根据空后的it only took us a few hours on the train可知，作者和朋友居住的地方离阿姆斯特丹并不太远（far）。故选d项。【13题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们仅坐了几个小时的火车就到达了这座美丽城市的中心。abefore在之前；bwhen当时候；cunless除非；dsince自从。我们坐火车是在到达之前发生，故选a

21、项。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们仅坐了几个小时的火车就到达了这座美丽城市的中心。aremote遥远的；bwarm温暖的；cbeautiful美丽的；dindustrial工业的。根据下文对作者和朋友到阿姆斯特丹旅行的描述可知，这座城市在作者的眼里是很美丽的。故选c项。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一下火车就被令人惊叹的建筑和如织的运河包围了。atrain火车；btaxi出租车；cboat船；dflight航班。由上文第3小题信息可知，我和朋友们是坐火车到达这座城市的。故选a项。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们一下火车就被令人惊叹的建筑和如织的运河包围了。

22、astrange奇怪的；bmodern现代的；clow低的；damazing令人惊叹的。由下文中14空的fantastic architecture and canals可知，建筑在作者眼里是令人惊叹的。故选d项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢住青年旅社。aregret后悔；benjoy喜欢；cimagine想象；dmiss想念。下文提到作者认为住青年旅社给他提供了绝佳的机会来认识世界各地的朋友，由此可以判断作者是喜欢住青年旅社的。故选b项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：住青旅是一个绝佳的机会来认识世界各地的朋友。adifference不同；bpity遗憾；cdecisi

23、on决定；dchance机会。a great chance to do sth表示“做某事的绝佳机会”。故选d项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：住青旅是一个绝佳的机会来认识世界各地的朋友。还可以和他们分享不同的经历和文化。aprotect保护；bdeclare宣称；cshare分享；dignore忽视。认识朋友之后就可以和他们分享经历、文化。故选c选项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：住青旅是一个绝佳的机会来认识世界各地的朋友。还可以和他们分享不同的经历和文化。aclothes衣服；bcultures文化；cattitude态度；dknowledge知识。这里的空格处的词和exp

24、eriences成并列关系，因为青旅的旅客来自世界各地，所以这里指分享不同的文化。故选b项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和一个阿根廷人住一个房间，我们很快就成了朋友。还一起度过了很长一段时间。atime时间；bmoney金钱；cenergy精力；deffort努力。根据本段中的we stayed in a room with an argentinian, who we befriended right away . together可知，作者和朋友跟一个阿根廷人住同一个房间，大家很快就成为了朋友，还一起度过了很长一段时间（time）。故选a项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意

25、：在旅行期间，我和朋友确保我们最大限度地享受到了阿姆斯特丹能够给予我们的一切。acreate创造；bteach教；coffer提供；dpromise承诺。根据空前的during our stay, we made sure to make the most of what amsterdam . 可知，在旅行期间，作者和朋友确保他们最大限度地享受到了阿姆斯特丹能够“给予（offer）”他们的一切。故选c项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们乘船穿过了这座城市。acity城市；bcountry国家；cfield领域、田地；dbridge桥梁。前面一句话提到他们要尽情享受阿姆斯特丹的美景，

26、可以判断这里指他们乘船游览整个城市。故选a项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们乘船穿过了这座城市，建筑以及河道的美景尽收眼底。anews新闻；bexpectations期望；cviews景色；dideas观点。根据本段中的we took a boat trip through . the fantastic architecture and canals可知，作者和朋友坐着船游览这座城市，看到了这里建筑以及河道的美景。故选c项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们还参观了梵高博物馆，那里收藏有大量梵高的作品。arecent最近的；bhuge大量的；cdaily每天的；dgro

27、wing增长的。a huge collection of表示“大量的”。故选b项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和朋友还参观了梵高博物馆，那里收藏有大量梵高的作品，还有许多他的人生故事以及另外一些与他交好的艺术家的作品。aperformance表演；blife生活；cteam小组；dprogress进步。detail of his life表示“他的生平事迹”。故选b项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢的另一段旅行是去参观安妮弗兰克博物馆，尽管这与一个悲伤的故事有关。ainteresting有趣的；bterrible可怕的；ccrazy疯狂的；dsad悲伤的。由下文可知

28、，这个犹太小姑娘和父母藏在家中两年，后来纳粹发现了他们，把他们送去了死亡集中营。这是一个令人悲伤的故事。故选d项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个犹太小姑娘和父母藏在家中两年，后来纳粹发现了他们，把他们送去了死亡集中营。afound发现；bserved提供、服务；cblamed指责；dmisunderstood误解。他们藏起来了，所以纳粹应该是后来找到了他们然后送到集中营。故选a项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一段动人的经历，非常值得一看。asubjective主观的；bcommon普通的；cdirect直接的；dmoving动人的。由前面对犹太小女孩事迹的描述，可知

29、这次值得一看的经历是动人的。故选d项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿姆斯特丹是我最喜欢的城市之一，我希望有一天自己能再回到这里。avisit参观；btravel旅行；creturn回来；dgo去。站在作者的角度，他现在在描述自己去阿姆斯特丹的经历，他希望自己有一天能再来这个城市。有再来的意思只有c项。故选c项。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。amoonlight rainbow fountainlocation: south koreathe moo

30、nlight rainbow fountain is the world's longest bridge fountain. in order to be eco-friendly, it repeatedly gets water from the han river below. when water comes out with music, 10, 000 led lights switch on, and a rainbow effect appears.the giantlocation: austriathe giant is designed by austrian

31、artist andre heller. it has a huge face with bright eyes and a watering mouth. the outside is covered with green grass. its inside has a wonderful structure(结构).metalmorphosislocation: usait is a fountain, a sculpture and also a performing work of art. the high- tech artistic work attracts people fr

32、om all over the world. the fountain is made of more than 20 stainless steel plates(不锈钢板). they can form a huge head when turned to a certain angle. whenever the head appears, it shoots water.nacka fountainlocation: swedennacka fountain is designed as a peace monument(纪念碑) for the founding of the uni

33、ted nations. the main structure of nacka fountain is made of bronze. there are two sculptures on it. the fountain shoots water into the sea.71 fountainlocation: usathe great fountain is on highway 71 in ohio. it looks like a huge wheel surrounded by a green environment. the major part is a huge ring

34、.31. which fountain is built on a bridge?a. the giant.b. 71 fountain.c. nacka fountain.d. moonlight rainbow fountain.32. what do the giant and metalmorphosis have in common?a. they sit in america.b. they are made of bronze.c. they appear as a big head.d. they are designed by the same artist.33. what

35、 can we infer about 71 fountain?a. it is in honor of peace.b. it is surrounded by sea.c. it is environment-friendly.d. it is named after a highway.【答案】31. d 32. c 33. d【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上的五大喷泉以及它们的特点。【31题详解】细节理解题。由第一部分内容中the moonlight rainbow fountain is the worlds longest bridge fountain.（the moo

36、nlight rainbow fountain是世界上最长的桥梁喷泉。）可知，moonlight rainbow fountain是建在桥上的。故选d项。【32题详解】细节理解题。the giant是在奥地利，metalmorphosi位于美国，所以排除a项。 metalmorphosis是由不锈钢板制作的，而the giant的制作材料没有提及。排除b项。the giant是由奥地利艺术家andre heller设计的。metalmorphosi的设计者文章没有提及。排除d项。the giant提到“it has a huge face with bright eyes and a wate

37、ring mouth.” metalmorphosis也提及“they can form a huge head when turned to a certain angle.”因此，两者的外形相似，都是头的形状。故选c项。【33题详解】推理判断题。71 fountain部分首句提到“the great fountain is on highway 71 in ohio.”说这个喷泉的位置在俄亥俄州的71号公路上。因此我们可以推断喷泉名字正是以此公路命名的。其他选项都没有依据。故选d项。bunless you are fortunate enough to know an nba player

38、, ryan martin is probably the best basketball player you'll ever meet. unlike those who fly up and down the court (球场),however, martin is forced to take a different approach; he doesn't have legs.martin, a 33-year old man, is a professional wheelchair basketball player. his achievements have

39、 taken him halfway around the world to play in spain for the last seven years. there he made a comfortable living playing basketball and working with some of the greatest athletes in the world.“a good wheelchair player can make $ 50,000 a year, while a star can make six figures,” said martin. what&#

40、39;s more, he couldn't see his family for months and european cities were unfriendly to the disabled. he also had to learn spanish. martin, however, overcame those drawbacks(困难).he started by playing basketball when he was 12. it didn't take long for him to fall in love with the sport and, a

41、fter graduating from somers high, he attended southwest minnesota state university on a basketball scholarship. in college, he scored over 1 ,000 points in his career and set several school records.and he works as hardif not harderthan any other professional athlete. “he destroys me,” said gina nava

42、rra, who works out with martin on occasion. “what he does amazes me.”martin also recognizes that, at age 33, he's in the back end of his career. with that in mind, he has been focusing more and more on his foundation.“i have 12 brothers and sisters. college gave me a true sense of achievement. t

43、he foundation is designed to give those with disabilities the opportunity to realize the dreams that i once had,” martin said.“i'm not saying that out of a sense of pity,” he said. “i realize how fortunate i am to have achieved what i have. but i want to open doors for people.”34. what was ryan

44、martin's life like in spain?a. free.b. boring.c. difficult.d. bittersweet.35 how was ryan martin's performance in college?a. he stood out in basketball.b. he failed to make a record.c. he was weak in his studies.d. he never won a scholarship.36. why has ryan martin been working for the found

45、ation?a. to help those in need.b. to finish his basketball career.c. to earn more money for his family.d. to learn basketball skills from other players.37. which of the following words best describe ryan martin?a. honest and responsible.b. ambitious and sensitive.c. reliable and knowledgeable.d. det

46、ermined and warm-hearted.【答案】34. d 35. a 36. a 37. d【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了轮椅篮球运动员ryan martin的事迹。他幼年时失去双腿，爱上篮球后经过努力拼搏，最终成为出色的篮球运动员，并且建立基金会，帮助残障人士实现他们的梦想。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“there he made a comfortable living playing basketball and working with some of the greatest athletes in the world.”以及第三段中“what's

47、 more, he couldn't see his family for months and european cities were unfriendly to the disabled. he also had to learn spanish. martin, however, overcame those drawbacks(困难).”可知，martin在西班牙靠打球能维持很不错的生活，但是同时他也面临人们对残障人士的歧视而且他要学西班牙语来克服语言障碍。所以可以看到他在西班牙的生活有喜有忧，苦乐参半。故选d项。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“in college,

48、he scored over 1 ,000 points in his career and set several school records.”在大学期间，他在职业生涯中获得了超过1000分的成绩，并创下了几项学校纪录。可知，martin在上大学时在篮球方面表现突出。故选a项。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“the foundation is designed to give those with disabilities the opportunity to realize the dreams that i once had”可知，基金会旨在帮助那些残障人士去实现自己的梦想

49、。由此判断出为什么瑞安·马丁一直在为基金会工作是为了帮助那些有需要的人。故选a项。【37题详解】推理判断题。ryan martin虽然失去双腿，但他克服重重困难，坚持不懈，经过努力拼搏，成为一名出色的轮椅篮球运动员。并且建立基金会，帮助其他有残疾的人实现梦想。由此可知，ryan martin是一个拥有坚定意志、富有爱心的人。故选d项。cworking on a farm and taking care of crops can be hot, time-consuming and difficult. engineers have long wanted to build robot

50、s to lighten the load. but it has proved a difficult task. robots that walk or roll along the ground can step on the easily damaged plants heavily. and they have to stop working when rain turns fields muddy. “tarzan”, however, could deal with some of those challenges.jonathan rogers is a robotics ex

51、pert at the georgia institute of technology in atlanta. when it comes to a farm environment, he realized robots would face many problems. “many robots tend to get twisted(弯曲的) together or get stuck,”he says. what's more, he notes, "it's very hard to leave them out for long periods witho

52、ut a human helping them.”what if the robot could move above the crops? jonathan rogers says, “the sloths(树懒)move from tree branch to tree branch to avoid having to walk around the forest floor. "then his team set out to design a robot that could swing hand to hand along wires hung above the fie

53、ld. he named their invention tarzan after the jungle-swinging character in a movie.tarzan is not the first swinging robot. mark spong, a robotics researcher at the university of texas at dallas notes that some teams have built robots that do gymnastics or copy mammals. but he says he admires tarzan

54、for its using swinging movement to save energy and the idea of building a wire structure to move around above crops.rogers first predicted that tarzan could help farmers monitor crops with sensors (传感器) and cameras. but he also said future robots might take water to a particularly thirsty plant or f

55、ertilize one that needs nutritional support. and adding a third “hand”could allow such a robot to harvest fruits and vegetables. finally the robot could move off the farm and into the city, helping deal with the traffic and security.38. what worried the engineers when they built the farm robots?a. t

56、hey took up too much space.b. they made the farming process slow.c. they had difficulty exploring in fields.d. they caused certain damage to crops.39. what does jonathan rogers think about most farm robots?a. they take much time to make.b. they get out of date more easily.c. they depend too much on

57、people.d. they get used to the environment slowly.40. what attracts mark spong most about tarzan?a. its strong wings.b. its low costc. its creative designd. its powerful engine.41. how did jonathan rogers feel about tarzans future?a. it could be found everywhere.b. it could be put into more practical uses.c it could be used to do all the farm work.d. it could be popular with working people in cities.【答案】38. d 39. c 40. c 41. b【解析】本文是一篇说明文。工程师们研发出一款机器人tarzan，它可以减轻农场工作的负担。未来tarzan可能会帮助农民使用传感器和照相机监控农作物、把水带到特别缺水的植物、给需要营养支持的植物施肥或者收获水果和蔬菜以及帮