情态动词测试热点

1、情态动词的两大特点：情态动词的两大特点：1、 没有人称、数的变化没有人称、数的变化2、不能单独作谓语，必须与不定式、不能单独作谓语，必须与不定式一起构成谓语一起构成谓语 can 1)表表“能力能力” He could speak four foreign languages when he was young, but now he can speak only one.如果表示如果表示过去经一番努力过去经一番努力做成了某事，做成了某事，须用须用was/were able to 而不用而不用could.例如：例如： There was a big fire in the house, but

2、he was able to escape.1. With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St. Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.2) 表表“推测推测”用于用于否定和疑问句否定和疑问句,意为意为“（不）可能（不）可能” 。例如：例如：Where can he be?Where can he have gone?Can it be Mr Wang?以上各句均不能用以上各句均不能用 may来表来表“

3、推测推测” 意义意义-可能可能It cant be the headmaster.Hes gone toShanghai.比较：比较：It may not be the headmaster.(不可能不可能）(可能不是可能不是）3) 表表“允许允许”，意为，意为“可以可以”。例如：。例如： Can I have another cup of tea? Can he leave the room before you return? You cant smoke here.在疑问句中可以用在疑问句中可以用could 表示更加委婉表示更加委婉的语气。例如：的语气。例如：Could I ask yo

4、u something, if you are nottoo busy? Yes,_.No,_.怎么回答怎么回答?you canIm afraid not例例 You could use my bike if you like.在表在表“允许允许”这一意义上这一意义上, may 的用法与的用法与can相似。例如：相似。例如：May I stop work a little earlier tonight?Might I trouble you for a light?Yes, of course you may.(不是不是might)Or-Right or wrong?Yes, you can

5、.No, you cant.No, you mustnt.典型错误：典型错误：May he be in the library?Can he be in the library?May the teacher have finished correctingour papers?改为改为改为改为Can the teacher have finished correcting our papers?2. Must / (have to )1)表表“义务义务”，意为，意为“必须必须”，否定式为，否定式为neednt 或或not have to. 例如：例如：-Must we hand in our

6、 homework before supper?-Yes, you must./No, you neednt/dont have to.2) 表表“推测推测”，意为，意为“肯定肯定” “准是准是”, 只用于只用于肯定句，不用于否定和疑问句。肯定句，不用于否定和疑问句。例如；例如；It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.3）表）表“坚持坚持”，意为，意为“非得非得”；“偏偏要偏偏要”。例如：例如： Why must you make so much noise? Must you leave so soon?典型错误：典型错误：

7、Must his parents be expecting him at homenow?改为改为Can his parents be expecting him at homenow?He mustnt have passed the exam; he didnot work hard at all.改为改为He cant have passed the exam;he didnot work hard at all.注意：注意：mustnt “不可以不可以, 不允许，不应该不允许，不应该”3. shall 1)用于用于第二、三第二、三人称作主语的人称作主语的陈述句陈述句，表，表示示说话人说

8、话人的意愿，如允诺、威胁或命令等。的意愿，如允诺、威胁或命令等。例如：例如：You shall remain here until all your papers are collected.(命令命令)You hope to destroy us one by one. You shall fail.(警告警告)You shall get the ticket tomorrow.(允诺允诺)He shall be punished.(威胁威胁)2)用于用于第一、三第一、三人称作主语的疑问句人称作主语的疑问句，即，即 Shall I/we/he/they do sth?表示提出意见或表示提出意

9、见或建议，（征询听话人的意见）。建议，（征询听话人的意见）。 例如：例如：Shall I do the cleaning?Shall the boy wait outside or come inside?What shall we do this evening?4. will 1)用于各种人称，表示愿望。意为用于各种人称，表示愿望。意为“愿意愿意”。例如：例如：A man who wont work can never expect to succeed.这一含义可以用于这一含义可以用于if 条件句。例如：条件句。例如：The professor is having a meeting.

10、If you will wait, you can see him.2) 用于各种人称，表示用于各种人称，表示倾向，习惯倾向，习惯。意为。意为“（总是）会（总是）会”，“老是老是”。例如：。例如： The boy will sit for hours without moving a bit. would 表示表示过去的倾向或习惯过去的倾向或习惯，与，与used to do 相似。例如：相似。例如：When he lived in the country, he would get up early and take a long walk in the woods.3）表示请求或询问表示请求

11、或询问，用于第，用于第二二人称疑问句，人称疑问句，would的语气比的语气比will委婉委婉 Will you lend me your pen? Would you please pass me the ruler? 5. need 表表“义务义务”，意为，意为“需要需要”。用作情态用作情态动词时，只能用于否定和疑问句。肯定句动词时，只能用于否定和疑问句。肯定句中须用作实义动词。中须用作实义动词。典型错误：典型错误：One need take care of oneself.One needs to take care of oneself.Such a small boy neednt a

12、 ticket.Such a small boy doesnt need a ticket.改为改为改为改为 -1)Need he hand in his homework now?=-2)Does he need to hand in his homework now?-1)No, he neednt.-2)No, he doesnt. 6. dare表表“勇气勇气”，意为，意为“敢敢”。用作情态动词时，。用作情态动词时，只能用于否定句只能用于否定句,疑问句和条件句。肯定句中疑问句和条件句。肯定句中须用作实义动词。须用作实义动词。例如：例如：-Dare you go near the dog

13、?-No, I dare not/darent.If you dare speak to me like that,you will be sorry.典型错误：典型错误：The girl dare go out alone at night.改为改为The girl dares to go out alone at night.另另: I dare say 习语，习语，“可能，或许可能，或许”Youre tired, I dare say.Dare she say what she thinks? =Does she dare to say what she think? dare有过去式形

14、式，即有过去式形式，即dared.例如：例如：Dared he come last night?No, he dared not(come).7.had better=had best +动词原形动词原形 “最好最好”否定结构为：否定结构为：had better(best)notYou had better stay at home.Youd better not wake me up.8.would rather +动词原形动词原形 “宁愿宁愿”否定结构为否定结构为 would rather notI would rather stay at home.I would rather not

15、tell you that news.9. Should/ought to 表示表示“应该应该, 应当应当”; 表示推测或可能表示推测或可能,“按按理说应该理说应该” Students should follow teachers advice. Mary should be here by now. 2) 表示说话人的某种情感表示说话人的某种情感,如惊奇如惊奇,愤怒愤怒,遗遗憾憾,意外等意外等. The gentleman should be so rude.Ought to 语气强语气强,表责任表责任,义务等义务等Oughtnt we give him a chance to have a

16、nother try?有时表示非常有可能有时表示非常有可能.She ought to be home by now.If we start right now, we ought to be able to get there in time.情态动词情态动词+ +have done/been表示表示过去或已经发生过去或已经发生的事情的事情( (有时带过去时有时带过去时间状语间状语）1. must have done/been-肯定做过肯定做过He must have told you something about it yesterday.2. should /ought to have

17、done -本应该本应该You should have come earlier.3. neednt have done-本来不必本来不必You neednt have hurried yesterday. You had quite enough time. could have done/been-本来可以做本来可以做He could have passed the exam,but he wasill at that time.4. can/could have done/been-否定或疑问句否定或疑问句中中, (不不)可能做过可能做过 *He cant/couldnt have ha

18、d a good timeat the party, for I saw he was silent all thetime.5. may/might have done/been-可能做过可能做过Tom may/might have read the letter.Selected from情态动词情态动词100题练习题练习1 . You ought to have called her yesterday . Yes , I know I _ . A . ought to B . ought to have C . ought have done D . ought to have cal

19、led2 . Why did you keep it a secret from me ? I _about it . A . should be told B . ought to have been told C . should have told D . ought to be told3 . The girl was frightened by the thief , and she stood there without _ speak . A . daring to B . daring C . dare to D . dared to4 . _ the bike Smith h

20、ad stolen ? A . Been B . Did C . Was D . Had5 . He looks very tired . He _ to bed too late last night . A . must go B . must have gone C . could go D . didnt go6. If you _ me, Ill give you some advice. A. listened to B. will hear C. will listen to D. will listen to7. A lion _ only attack a human bei

21、ng when it is hungry. A. should B. can C. will D. shall8. Mary looks pale. Did you tell her about the accident?-Yes, but I _ her. A. should have told B. should not tell C. would rather not have told D. would rather not tell9. -Would you open the window,please? -Yes, I _ . A. will B. would C. do D. c

22、an11. He studied hard and _ pass the examination. A. could be able to B. could C. was able to D. ought to13. I saw him leave the office an hour ago. He _ at this time. A. mustnt be working B. cant be working C. cant work D. may not be working15. Why _ you keep on troubling me with such questions whi

23、le Im busy? A. could B. can C. must D. will19. You are running a fever. You _to see the doctor. A. need go B. must have gone C. should go D. can go20. I _ take the job. No one_ stop me. A. will; shall B. will; may C. should; will D. shall; may21. The door _ lock. A. cant B. may not C. wont D. mustnt

24、22. In three months he _speak good English. A. can B. can be able to C. will be able to D. may be23. -I sent him the dictionary by mail this morning. -You _ that ;hes coming tomorrow A. neednt have done B. didnt have to do C. neednt do D. mustnt do27. Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any m

25、oment. A. must B. need C. should D. can30. Im surprised that he _ to help me when I needed his help. A. should refuse B. would have refused C. should have refused D. may have refused42. This car looks like mine, yet it isnt. Whose _ it be? A. can B. could C. may D. must48. “When _ he leave the hospi

26、tal?” I asked the doctor. A. will B. shall C. can D. may46. I cant think he _ tell me a lie. A. might B. could C. would D. should59. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep. A. must B. must have been C. should be D. should have been67. -What has happened to Tom? - I dont know. He _ lost. A. could get B. m

27、ight get C. can have got D. may have got 68. He _ you more help even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give69. -I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have sta

28、yed85. -There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been99. Naturally, after I told her what to do. my daughter _ go and do the opposite. A. may B. can C. must D. shouldCorre

29、ct the following sentences -I wonder why he is late.-He can have1. missed the early bus.may2. Look what youve done! You should be more careful.have been3. Why can you always interrupt me? must4. I should have been here, but I cant find the time.couldnt5. You mustnt read that book if you dont want to

30、.neednt6. -Well be ready to leave at six-Well,Ralph certainly must be back then.should7. Did you use play football at middle school?use to8. To finish the paper, I need look up more facts.to9. You had not better touch it. It may be dangerous. You had better not touch it10. Tom ought not to tell me y

31、our secret, but he meant no harm.Tom ought not to have told me your secret, Compare:I didnt need to get up early yesterday, because it was Sunday. 表示表示过去的一个事实过去的一个事实“没有必要做没有必要做”但是，表示但是，表示理论上理论上的可能性，的可能性，can 可以可以用于肯定句。例如：用于肯定句。例如：Accidents can happen.It can be a very difficult thing for foreigners to

32、 learn Chinese.could 可以用于可以用于肯定句肯定句表示可能性，可以表示可能性，可以指对指对现在事情的更不确定现在事情的更不确定的推测。例如：的推测。例如：What he said could/may be right. We can use coal to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. Good morning, can I help you? The road can be blocked up.Shall -v.aux.(过去时过去时should)(shall 可缩写为可缩写为 ll , shall

33、not 常缩写为常缩写为 shant, 美国人常用美国人常用will代替代替)1.用于主语为第一人称单复数用于主语为第一人称单复数, 表示单纯将表示单纯将来来 将要将要, 会会I shall be forty on my next birthday.到下次生日到下次生日, 我就满四十岁。我就满四十岁。We shall be on holiday at this time next week.我们将于下星期这个时候度假。我们将于下星期这个时候度假。I shall ring you up as soon as I arrive.我一到就给你打电话。我一到就给你打电话。2.用于陈述句第二、三人称用于陈述句第二、三人称, 表示说话者的表示说话者的意图、警告、