CA1046轻型货车悬架系统设计（含全套CAD图纸）
收藏
资源目录
压缩包内文档预览：
编号：209285590
类型：共享资源
大小：823.40KB
格式：ZIP
上传时间：2022-04-24
上传人：机****料
认证信息
个人认证
高**（实名认证）
河南
IP属地：河南
50
积分
- 关 键 词：
-
CA1046
轻型
货车
悬架
系统
设计
全套
CAD
图纸
- 资源描述：
-
CA1046轻型货车悬架系统设计（含全套CAD图纸）,CA1046,轻型,货车,悬架,系统,设计,全套,CAD,图纸
- 内容简介：
-
附 录 ：外文资料Automotive Suspension System OverviewMost suspension systems have the same basic parts and operate basically in the same way. They differ, however, in the way the parts are arranged. The vehicle wheel is attached to a steering knuckle. The steering knuckle is attached to the vehicle frame by two control arms, which are mounted so they can pivot up and down. A coil spring is mounted between the lower control arm and the frame.When the wheel rolls over a bump, the control arms move up and compress the spring. When the wheel rolls into a dip, the control arms move down and the springs expand. The spring force brings the control arms and the wheel back into the normal position as soon as the wheel is on flat pavement. The idea is to allow the wheel to move up and down while the frame, body, and passengers stay smooth and level. The unequal length control arm or short, long arm (SLA) suspension system has been common on American vehicles for many years. Because each wheel is independently connected to the frame by a steering knuckle, ball joint assemblies, and upper and lower control arms, the system is often described as an independent suspension. The short, long arm suspension system gets its name from the use of two control arms from the frame to the steering knuckle and wheel assembly. The two control arms are of unequal length with a long control arm on the bottom and a short control arm on the top. The control arms are sometimes called A arms because in the top view they are shaped like the letter A. In the short, long arm suspension system, the upper control arm is attached to a cross shaft through two combination rubber and metal bushings. The cross shaft, in turn, is bolted to the frame. A ball joint, called the upper ball joint, is attached to the outer end of the upper arm and connects to the steering knuckle through a tapered stud held in position with a nut. The inner ends of the lower control arm have pressed-in bushings. Bolts, passing through the bushings, attach the arm to the frame. The lower ball joint is usually pressed into the control arm and connects to the steering knuckle through a tapered stud that is held in position with a nut. A ball joint is used on the control arms because it allows movement in more than one direction. It allows the up-and-down motion required as the wheels pass over dips and bumps. This type of joint also allows side-to-side motion as the wheels are turned back and forth for turns.For the upper and lower ball joint, the ball stud in the ball joint is a tapered stud at one end with a ball-shaped end. The ball end is supported in a similarly shaped housing called a socket. The shape of the housing allows the ball stud to turn around or move side to side. A plastic or sintered iron bearing is positioned between the ball and socket .The bearing allows the ball stud to turn in relation to the housing for steering. The tapered stud and nut hold the ball joint in position in the steering knuckle.There are four basic types of springs used in suspensions: coil, torsion bar, leaf spring, and air spring. The coil spring is the most popular type of spring in both front and rear suspension systems. It is simply a round bar of spring steel that is wound into the shape of a coil. Usually, the top and bottom coils are closer together than the middle coils. A coil spring is commonly used on the short, long arm suspension system. Some cars have the spring mounted from the frame to the upper control arm. In either case, the shock absorber is mounted through the center of the spring. Most short, long arm systems use a stabilizer bar between the two sides of the suspension. The sway bar connects both lower control arms to the frame crossmember. Movements affecting one wheel are partially transmitted to the opposite wheel through the frame to stabilize body roll. The sway bar is attached to the frame crossmember and lower control arms through rubber insulator bushings to reduce noise and vibrations. Sway bar end bushings and crossmember bushings are permanently installed on the sway bar.The advantages of the coil spring are its compactness, lack of moving parts, and excellent weight supporting characteristics.The disadvantage of a coil spring is its weakness in supporting side-to-side or lateral movement. When coil springs are used at the drive wheels, heavy traction bars or torque tubes are often required to maintain axle housing alignment.A number of vehicles use a torsion bar spring. It is a long, solid steel shaft that is anchored at one end to the suspensions control arm and at the other end to the vehicles frame. Torsion is the twisting action that occurs in the bar when one end is twisted and the other end remains fixed. When a vertical impact on a wheel is transmitted through the control arm to the torsion bar, the bar twists to absorb the impact. The bars natural resistance to twisting quickly restores it to its original position, returning the wheel to the road.A torsion bar can store a significantly higher maximum amount of energy than either an equally stressed leaf or coil spring. The torsion offers important weight savings and it is adjustable. In addition, it requires significantly less space than a coil spring.The leaf spring is made of several layers of spring steel stacked one upon the other, Usually, there is one main leaf that uses spring eyes for locating and fastening the spring toe frame or underbody. Several other progressively shorter leaves are placed on the main leaf, and the assembly or leaf pack is held together in the middle by a center bolt and on the ends by rebound clips. Some spring packs use fiber. or plastic pads between leaves to reduce the internal leaf friction. Some vehicles use a single leaf instead of a buildup of multiple leaves. One manufacturer is using a leaf spring manufactured from a nonmetal composite. Leaf springs are usually arched so that the ends are higher than the center when viewed from the side.The leaf spring is usually mounted in three places. A bushing is installed in each of the spring eyes. A bolt through the bushing in the rear spring eye attaches the rear of the spring directly to the vehicle frame. A shackle assembly is attached to the front spring eye and bushing and is then mounted through a shackle bushing to the frame. The shackle assembly allows the leaf spring to pivot up and down. A pair of U-bolts and a tie plate are used to clamp the front or rear axle assembly to the leaf spring.The main advantage of leaf springs is their ability to control vehicle sway and lateral movement. For these reasons, leaf springs are often used on the rear suspension of rear drive vehicles.Many late-model luxury cars use air springs. The spring is essentially a rubber bag or bladder full of air. A piston is attached to the lower control arm. Movement of the lower control arm causes the piston to move into the air bladder and compress the air in the bladder. Air pressure is used to regulate how easy or hard the bladder can be compressed. The air bladder is usually connected to an air compressor, which regulates the action of the air spring based on road conditions.All suspension systems use a shock absorber at each wheel. When the coil, torsion bar, leaf spring, or air spring is deflected, it can oscillate (bounce up and down) uncontrollably, possibly causing the tires to lose contact with the road. This could cause the car to bounce up and down without any control. To prevent this from happening, shock absorbers are used, not to absorb shocks, but to control spring rate and dampen spring oscillations.The shock absorber is a hydraulic device. One end of the shock absorber is attached to a wheel assembly and the other end is attached to the vehicle frame. Shock absorber movement is limited by forcing fluid inside the shock absorber through 附 录 ：中文翻译汽车悬架系统概述大多数悬架系统都有相同的基本部件和基本的工作原理。但是，各个部件的安装顺序和位置上却有不一样。车轮安装在转向节上。转向节是由两个控制臂安装在车架上, 这样有助于悬架绕支点上下运动。车架和最低控制臂之间安装一个螺旋弹簧。当车轮通过凸起的路面时，控制臂向上运动压缩弹簧。当车轮驶过凹路面时，控制臂向下运动，弹簧升长。当车轮在平坦的路面上行驶时，弹簧力使得控制臂和车轮回归原来的位置。这种设计方法，可以保证在车轮上下运动的情况下，确保车架、车身和乘客具有良好的平顺性和通过行。不等长控制臂悬架系统在美国的汽车中已经应用很多年了。因为每个车轮都是通过一个转向节、球窝接头、和能伸缩的控制臂与车架独立的连接在一起，这种系统称为独立悬架。这种长短臂悬架系统名字的由来是因为两个控制臂的用处，他们关系着车身到转向节和车轮的装配。这两个控制臂是不等长的，长的在下面短的在上面。这控制臂有时叫做A型控制臂因为从上面看起来其形状像字母A。在长短臂悬架系统中，上控制臂是通过两组橡胶衬套和金属轴套与十字轴连接的。这个十字轴依次与车架脱离。一个球窝接头就是在上面的球窝接头附着在上控制臂外面并且通过一个锥形的螺栓和螺母与转向节连接起来。下控制臂的内端被压入衬套。螺栓通过衬套将其与车架连接。下控制臂窝球接头通常被压入控制臂内以便通过处在正确位置的锥形螺栓和螺母与转向节连接。球窝接头被用在控制臂上是因为它允许在多个方向上运动，它允许上下运动以便满足车轮通过凹陷或凸起路面的要求。这种类型的连接，当车轮来回转动时还可以左右运动。对于高低球窝头转向节，在球窝接头中，球头螺栓的形状是一端为球形另一端为锥形。球窝接头的末端是通过一个形状类似房子的叫插座的东西支持着。这种形状类似房子的空间允许球头螺栓向不同的方向进行旋转运动。一个塑料的或者铁轴承放置在球窝头和插座之间。这个轴承使球头螺栓的运动与用作转向的插座联系起来，球窝接头通过锥形双头螺柱和螺母连接在转向节上。目前，悬架系统主要使用四种类型的弹簧：螺旋弹簧，扭杆弹簧，钢板弹簧，空气弹簧。在前悬架和后悬架中，使用最广泛的类型就是螺旋弹簧。因为它纯粹是由一根圆形弹簧钢变成螺旋线圈形状的。通常情况下，顶部和底部螺旋线要比中间部分紧密一些。螺旋弹簧普遍应用在长短臂悬架系统中。有些汽车当中将弹簧安装在车架与上控制臂之间。无论哪种方式，减振器都安装在弹簧的中心线上。大多数长短臂悬架系统的两面都有稳定杆。摇臂杆活动的连接着低控制臂和车架横构件。防止随车身转动的车架影响到另一个车轮的运动。摇臂杆与车架横构件之间采用橡胶衬套以便降低噪声和衰减振动。摇臂连接杆末端的轴套和横构件的轴套是永久的安装在摇臂连接杆的。螺旋弹簧的优点是：紧密度好，没有可移动部件，重量分配合理等。螺旋
- 温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。
川公网安备: 51019002004831号