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Application and Development of Simulation Technology in ManufacturingAbstract Simulation is a necessary aid for product development and manufacture. It can greatly reduce losses, save costs, shorten product development cycles and improve product quality. Since 1970s, Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) has been studied and applied by institutes and enterprises all over the world as a strategy to adapt to global competition of manufacture. Application and development of AMT promotes the research and application of simulation technology in manufacturing. From the viewpoint of evolution, the application fields of simulation technology in manufacturing are obviously enlarged. Addition to conventional fields of manufacture (including production planning, machining, assembling and testing), simulation tools are developed in the fields of product design and development, supply chain, etc. And the most notable three trends of simulation application in manufacturing are: 1. Distributed, due to network technology; 2. Interactive, due to technology of graphics and sensory-motor; 3. Integrated, such as VM, VPD, VFT, etc. According to different objects to be simulated, simulation in manufacturing can be classified as: 1. Product-oriented 2. Production-management-oriented; 3. Process-and-device-oriented; 4. Other. This paper will describe simulation in manufacturing from above aspects. And Virtual Reality (VR) and Virtual Manufacturing (VM) are introduced in the last section as prospect of simulation in manufacturing.Keywords：Application of simulation technology, Manufacturing 1 The development course of manufacture technologyThe manufacturing industry (including the machinery category such as manufacturing, electronics manufacturing, nonmetal products manufacturing, ready-made clothes manufacturing as well as various mould material manufacturing etc) is the pillar industry of national economy, and his total output value generally occupies the 20%55% of internal total output value of each country . The enterprise productive forces in each country are in forming, and the effect of manufacture technique generally occupies about 60% . So some experts think, the competition of each nation economy on the world chiefly is the competition of manufacture technique. This kind of competition is intense with each passing day, and each country government all attaches importance to research to the manufacturing industry very much to the constantly change of development as well as requirement of customers at a high speed along with the economy technology and market environment . The advanced manufacture technique ( AMT: the manufacturing integration technology that in order to improve with Ts ( developing period ) , Qs ( product quality ) , Cs ( development cost ) , Ss ( after-sale service ) and E ( pollution of the environment level ) give first place to to weigh the product of quota and product development course , the United States has put forward including system overall technology , management technology in the 80s ends and design , manufacture technology and equipment technology and big technology crowd of support technology five Advanced Manufacturing Technology ) the generally thought . As a result of the development of ten remaining years, now the content of five big technology crowds is arrived richly greatly, his concrete meaning as follows 12 : System overall technology crowd: Study the overall technology such as design, planning and integration etc like flexible manufacturing, computer integrated manufacturing, quick manufacturing and intellect manufacturing etc advanced manufacture techniques Technology crowd is managed: Study and makes the various technology of the production management of enterprise and organization and administration correlation, if computer-aided production control and thing material requirement plan /s manufacturing resources plans / enterprise resources plans and the supply chain is managed and the completely quality management and the technology such as manufacturing, excellent production and enterprise management course reconfiguration etc punctually . Integration technology crowd is made in the design : Studies and product design , manufacturing and waiting entirely the various technology of course correlation until tests , if the parallel engineering and computer-aided design /s computer-aided engineering /s computer-aided and makes and draws up solid manufacturing , reliability design , intelligent optimization design and the quality merit can be disposed and the technology such as preservation and transportation , automatic control , checkout supervision as well as quality assurance etc are expected by digital control technology and thing . Manufacture technology and equipment technology crowd, The research reaches the various technology that the equipment is mutually related with the manufacture technology , process technology that the nothing cutting process technology reaching equipment ( casting , forging , welding and heat treatment etc ) if material production technology reaches equipment ( smelts and steel rolling etc ) and convention process technology and lacks reaches that the equipment and ultrahigh speed process technology at a high speed reaches the equipment and precisely super precise and the nanometer and equipment and special process technology and equips ( laser and electron beams etc ) Technology crowd puts up : This technology crowd is the correlation technique that the advance was not gained in above technology crowd Lai Yi existence absolutely , if the standardization technology , computer technology , software engineering , data base technology , multi-medium technology , internet work communication technology , artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology , materials science and personnel educate and train and human engineering and environmental science etc Can conclude in the stage that the development course of above major manufacture technique that involves and his were applied in product life period to the picture 1 . The picture is in 1 , indulges spool represents age , the cross axle represents the life period of product , from the requirement in market forms begins , passes generally reads design ( appearance , characteristic , material , price and batch ) and initial ( overall ) design and detail ( the parts ) design , technological design , production planning formulation ( material is purchased ) and produces ( processs , assembles and tests ) , arrives continuously the sale and safeguards , involves each department of enterprise The quality and production efficiency of product have been raised greatly by way of research and application to the advanced manufacture technique 2 computers simulation develops and applying in the manufacturing industry The general situation The computer technique of simulation is as a new and developing high technology , and his methodology is built above the foundation of computer ability . Along with the development of computer technology, the technique of simulation also gets the rapid development, and his application domain and his effect is also more and more bigger . Particularly in aviation, aerospace and in national defense and the research and development course of other large-scale complex systems, computer simulation is continuously the tool that cannot lack , and has given play to hugely to act on aspect it is reducing losses , practices thrift the funds and shortens development period and raise the product quality etc Designing to making so that in testing whole life period safeguarded from the product , the computer technique of simulation runs through from beginning to end ( the shadow part in the picture 1 represents the application of technique of simulation , and concludes further to the table 1 ) . See that is expanding to product design development and sale domain in the manufacturing domain ( production planning is laid down , processes , assembles and is tested ) from the tradition of the domain of technique of simulation application from the course developed . In a word, the application for computer simulation has provided the new stage to the development of advanced manufacture technique , and has also put forward the higher requirement , and the application of technique of simulation at present possesses following characteristic and trend : The application in whole product life period of 1 computer in table simulation 1） The unprecedented enlargement of the application scope of technique of simulation. By studying the dynamics property the to make the object (product), kinematics property, process and assembly course of research product, enlarging to studying design and the operating making the system , the advance side by side one-step enlarges to the rear service supply , inventory control , organization of product development course and product test etc at the aspect of the object and the purpose of simulation , involves making each aspect of enterprise 2） Combine distribution of simulation that brings with the network technology. Distribution of simulation is by the distribution decision of manufacturing. The generally thought itself such as quick manufacturing and invented enterprise etc has the person who cooperates a meaning in network implementation place far away from home basseted on 3） Each other combine with diagram and the sensor technology, and makes the interactivity of simulation strengthen greatly . Having formed draws up the solid manufacturing (VM: from this Virtual Manufacturing ) and the invented product development ( VPD: Virtual Product Development ) and the invented test ( VT: Virtual Test ) wait the new generally thought 4）The Integra ionization of technique of simulation application. Namely the synthetically application technique of simulation, product development and the manufacturing environment that the formation can move The object of technique of simulation application is seen, and can be divided into 4 kinds with simulation applied in the manufacturing industry: Towards the simulation of product Towards the simulation with equipment of manufacture technology Towards the simulation of production control Towards the simulation of other link of enterprise. Will follow above four aspects in third part of this text, and introduce the concrete application in the manufacturing industry of computer simulation. What the virtual reality solidly with draws up was made generally reads except this , sum aggregate one-tenthizations trend that the concentration has embodied the distribution of technique of simulation application and each other , so simply introducing , as the forecast of the application of computer simulation in the manufacturing industry . 3 The concrete application in the manufacturing industry of computer simulation 3.1 towards the simulation of product Simulation towards the product chiefly includes the following aspect: 1） The analysis of the static state of product and dynamic capability. The quieting of product chiefly indicates the mechanics property such as stress and intensity etc The dynamic characteristic of product is when chiefly indicating the product sports , the connection and colliding between the organization 2） The manufacturability analysis (DFM) of product. The DFM includes that the technology is analyzed and is analyzed with economy. The technology is analyzed the production environment to ask reaching reality according to the product technology and is carried on the analysis to the manufacturability completely The economy is analyzed carrying on the cost analysis, and according to the feedback factors such as time and cost etc , the economy to part process is appraised . 3） Assembly nature analysis ( DFA ) of product. Analysis of DFAs is loaded and is dismantled the possibility, collides that the interference tests , and draws up out the reasonable assembly process route , and interference after visual display assembly course and assembly are reached the designated position and colliding problem . The reference 16 has been described the assembly process planning construction of simulation model system and has been realized 3.2 Towards the simulation with equipment of manufacture technology Chiefly indicate to the simulation and the simulation of robot processing the center process course towards the manufacture technology with simulation equipped. Process course simulation (MPS): By NCs code drive, is chiefly used to test NCs code , and the colliding interference that the factors such as clamp etc cause is loaded in the inspection . His concrete merit can include: 1） The simulation is processed equipment and is processed the sports and the state in the process course of object 2） Every one-step of process course simulation is equal to NCs code drive 3） The part process courses possess three to be tied up the real time to move the drawing merit ability, and can issue the warning when the discovery is collided The reference 15 has been introduced the structure and key technology and the major algorithm of MPSs system in the parallel engineering of application The simulation of robot Along with the rapid development of robot technology, the robot has also got the extensive application in making the system. But the complicated dynamic system of machine, electricity and liquid owing to the robot being one kind of synthesiss only makes by way of computer simulation to come the dynamic characteristic of simulation system, ability the control algorithm of the reasonable sports scheme of organization and effective is announced, thus the problem in robot design , manufacturing as well as operating course of settlement . 3.3 How many kind 13 of robot technique of simulation below roughly can being divided into: 1）Apply open-minded research be dead against the robot in making the system, and makes in the system simulation problem of robot if the flexible is made the system or the computer is integrated 2）Operate the simulation study that the property of hand itself is in progress be dead against the robot , like kinematics simulation , dynamics simulation , orbit planning and colliding inspection etc the problem 3） The robot off-line is compiled the research of range system , if using the sports scheme automatic switchover one-tenth robot control procedure of simulation formation satisfaction to go the drive controller action 3.3 Towards the simulation of production control The basic function of production control is plan, dispatch and controls . As far as the application in the production control of technique of simulation , roughly there are following three aspects : 1） Define the production control strategy 2) Design and the dispatch of workshop layer are used 3)Used the inventory control The application of above three aspects introductions technique of simulations will be followed to the next 3.3.1 The application in the production control strategy of computer simulation That the simulation of the production control strategy being used includes defines the concerned parameter as well as is used the comparison between the different control strategys. The fairly more common control strategy has 1) MRP: This is one kind of control strategy of the type pushing “, and by way of the demand forecasting, the synthesis is thought over that the production plant capacity , available capacity of raw material and the stock measures and lays down the production planning 2) KANBANs (seeing the board) : This is one kind of control strategy of pulling type , lays down the production planning according to the order , and namely punctual production spoken usually 3) LOC: Towards the control strategy of load ability. Control the production process according to the stock standard 4)DBR: Towards the control strategy of bottleneck. Control whole distance traveled by a stream of water according to the bottle neck link in the production process The quota weighing that compares generally includes outcome and productivity etc Needs definite parameter pack to draw together in per kind of control strategy: The batch is big or small and sees board quantity and stock standard etc Provide a simulation course who compares in the reference 8 as for the different control strategies 3.3.2 The application in making the design in workshop of computer simulation Generally can be divided into the design process of workshop two major stages, Preliminary design stage and detail design stage . The assignment of preliminary design stage is the requirement to study user, then defines the preliminary design scheme from this . The major assignment of detail design stage is on the foundation of preliminary design, and puts forward the detailed and complete description to each component cell of workshop , and making the design result can achieve to carry on the experiment and goes into operation the level making policy , processing system and workshop layout etc are expected to the concrete definite equipment , tool , clamping apparatus , tray and thing approaching . And but the technique of simulation is chiefly used evaluation and the selection of scheme. In preliminary design stage, can contain the economic performance parsing algorithm in the emulators , and move the simulation model built according to the preliminary design scheme , and give following evaluation information : Product type sum whether satisfied user of capacity who produces in the new workshop can ask : Whether or not the quality and precision of product can satisfy the requirement Reasonably whether or not the efficiency and investment rate of recovery of new workshop In detail design stage , the use technique of simulation can to candidate the following aspect of scheme makes the evaluation : Can the major equipment processed get the full utilization in the workshop when making the major part? Whether or not the load is fairly more balanced Whether or not the thing material processing system can and the flexible level of workshop be adaptable each other Can the requirement of production scheduling be satisfied in the entire layout of new workshop? But whether or not possess the fixed reconfiguration ability Whether or not the product system in workshop can be kept the production capacity of fixed level when breaking down The available design in the supplementary workshop product system of the software that some ripen has all been developed out in the home and abroad at present, like AUTOMOD/AUTOGRAM and IMMS that the Singh University develops etc 2 that the SIMAN/CINEMA and Auto Simulation corporation that the GCMS and System Modeling corporation that the PURDUE university develops . 3.3.3 The application in making the operating in workshop of computer simulation The scheduling problem among the FMS can the definition be the production resources that distribution and coordination can gain, if processing the machine and leads voluntarily transportation tool (AGV), robot as well as time worked overtime etc, in order to s
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