浅谈复合宾语中的九个常考句型

1、浅谈复合宾语中的九个常考句型句型一 感官动词see, look at, watch, notice, observe (5看);hear, listen to (2听);feel (1感觉)后接三种非谓语动词做宾补。1. I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动、完成)2. She was heard to sing an English song just now. (在被动语态中,要加to 作主语补足语)3. I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yest

2、erday. (主动,正在进行)4.The missing boy was last seen playing near the river.(主动,正在进行)5.I was walking in the street when I heard my name called.(被动,完成)句型二 make 后接非谓语动词两种形式作宾补时,意为“使、让”。Make sb. do sth. 宾语与宾补主动关系sth. done宾语与宾补被动关系 例如:1. Nothing will make me _(change) my mind2. Can you make yourself _(unders

3、tand) in English?3. The teacher makes it _(know) that there will be a test next week句型三 have 后接非谓语三种形式作宾补时,have 表示“使、让、叫”之意。have sb. do sth.sb./sth. doing sth. sth. done 使/让/叫某人干某事(宾语与宾补主动关系) 使/让某人/物持续地做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行); 在否定句中,表示“不容忍,不允许”。 使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系); 使遭受注意比较下面have句型,在此句型中,have 表示“有要

4、做”,不定式在句中作定语。Have sth. to do 有某事要做 (动作由主语完成)sth. to be done 有某事要做 (动作非主语完成)例如:1. Ill have/get my bike repaired soon. 我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。2. Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 汤姆踢足球时,伤了腿。3. They had the light burning all night long. 他们把灯亮了一整夜。4. e wont have such things happening again.我们不容忍此

5、类事情再次发生。5. Mum had lots of work to do, so she had me go shopping. 妈妈有很多事要做,所以她让我去购物6. Ill go to Nanjing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken to your son?我明天要去南京,你有东西要带给你儿子吗?句型四 get 后接非谓语三种形式作宾补时,get 表示“使、让、叫”之意。get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth.sb./sth. doingsth. done = have sth. done注意无“ha

6、ve sth. done”句型的“使遭受”之意。1. Tom got his sister to help him with his homework. 汤姆让姐姐帮他做家庭作业。2. The car broke down. Can you get it going again? 车坏了,你能使车再走起来吗?Sorry. I think well have to get it repaired. 抱歉,我想我们必须送去修一下。句型五 keep 后接非谓语动词两种形式作宾补时,意为“让”。Keep sb. doing sth. 让某人继续在做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)sth. d

7、one 让某事完成(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)注意:keep sb. from doing sth. =prevent/stop sb. (from) doing sth. 意为阻止某人做某事;特别强调的是在 “keep sb. from doing sth.”句型中from不可省略。1. She kept me _(wait) for half an hour.2. Youd better keep your eyes _(open) and your mouth _(close).3. Something has been done to keep the water from _

8、 (pollute).句型六 find 后接非谓语动词两种形式作宾补时,意为“发现”。findsb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)sth./sb. done 发现某物(人)被(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)On the way home, I found an old man knocked down by a car and lying on the ground.在回家的路上, 我发现一位老人被车撞了,躺在地上。(knock down 跟an old man之间是动宾关系,表被动;an old man跟lie之间是主谓关系,表主动。)句型

9、七 leave后接非谓语动词作宾补时,意为“使处于某种状态”。leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)sth. done 留下某事未做(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示被动和完成)sb. to do sth. 委托/留下某人做某事sth. to be done 留下某事要做(不定式表示将来的动作)1. Its wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。(主动,正在进行)2. The guests left most of the dishes untouched, becaus

10、e they didnt taste delicious. 大部分菜客人们没有动,因为它们不可口。(被动,完成)3. He left, leaving me to do the rest of the work. 他走了,留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。(主动,将来)4. We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议,留下了很多问题等待解决。 (被动,将来)句型八 with+ n./pron.+ 非谓语动词形式构成with复合宾语结构。with +n./pron. + doin

11、g+n./pron. + done+n./pron. + to do+n./pron. + to be done(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)有某事要做(时间表将来,动作由主语完成)有某事要做(时间表将来,动作非主语完成)例如:1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.A.finished B.finishingC.having finished D.was finished2. I couldnt do my homewo

12、rk with all that noise _(go) on.A.going onB.goes onC.went onD.to go on3. With lots of problems _(settle), the newly elected president will have a hard time.A.settledB.settlingC.to settleD.being settled分析 第1题答案是A。根据所提供的语境“.,he gladly accepted it(他高兴地收下请柬)说明是由于他做完工作,所以要用过去分词finished作his work的宾补,表示被动、完

13、成。第2题答案是A。with后接复合宾语,动词 ing 形式作宾补,表示all that noise 与go on之间是主动关系。根据句意可判断出在有噪音的情况下无法做作业。第3题答案是C。根据所提供的语境the newly elected president is having a hard time,说明新任总统现在和将来都有很多难题要解决,所以要用不定式to settle 作problems 的宾补 。句型九 注意下列结构中用不定式作主语补足语,它们是:“sb. be said/believed/known/reported/announced/thought 等+不定式”。在此句型中最

14、重要的是要考虑不定式的三种形式不定式的一般式(不定式所表示的动作,通常与主要谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或在它之后发生)、不定式的进行式(主要谓语表示的动作发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行)及不定式的完成式(不定式所表示的动作在主要谓语所表示的动作或状态之前发生)。例如:1. Is Bob still performing? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.A.to have leftB.to leaveC.to have been leftD.to be left2. The

15、flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causingB.being causedC.to be causedD.to have caused3. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A.have been missingB.have got lostC.be missingD

16、.get lost分析 第1题答案是A。动词不定式的完成式表示过去发生的事或已经完成的动作或表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。“Im afraid not.” 表明Bob 不再演出,已经离开了舞台。第2题答案是C。根据be believed to do sth.意为“据信做某事”,判断答案A、 B不对;再根据后面by判断用不定式的被动式。第3题答案是A。句意:警方正在搜寻一位女士,据报道,自从上周五洪水侵袭该地区后,她就失踪了。根据since引导的时间状语从句可判断该空应填has been missing。此外本题B项中的have got lost表示瞬间行为,不能与since引导的时间

17、状语从句连用。巩固练习1. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.A.filledB.fillingC.to fillD.being filled2. Leonardo da Vinci (14521519) _ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.A.is said to be buyingB.is said

18、 to have boughtC.had said to buyD.has said to have bought3. Please make my excuse at tomorrows meeting. Ive got too much work _.A.to doB.doingC.to be doneD.done4. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out5. Who wo

19、uld you like to have _ the machine? Miss Zhang.A.repairingB.to repairC.repairedD.repair6. Something is wrong with my computer again. Ill have it _. Dont worry. Ill soon get it _.A.repaired; goingB.repaired; gone C.repairing; goingD.repairing; to go7. Sandy had her pocket _ while doing shopping.A.stolenB.stealingC.pickedD.picking8. They all went to watch the football match, _.A.left the work half doneB.leaving the work half doneC.left the work undoingD.leaving the work undoing9. The government should take measures to prevent the factory _ poisonous gases so as to keep the city _.A.pouring; pol