生物信息学解题技巧

1、零碎2017年3月14日19:48低阶PAM矩阵适合用来比较亲缘较近的序列,而低阶BLOSUM矩阵更多是用来比较亲缘较远的序列。B last是局部比对工具构建进化树前不需要进行多序列比对(是指进化树的拓扑形状由两两序列的进化距离决定的。距离依靠法(distance methods当所考虑的谱系间进化速率可变时,(比较适用邻位相连法(Neighbor-joining“基因组学”这个术语是1986年由(在芬兰的一次会议上提出TomDNA microarray技术的生物学原理?碱基互补配对利用EST文库可以做哪些工作?发现新基因Serial analysis of gene expression (

2、SAGE技术中,测定出来的代表基因表达的序列长度一般有多长?10-20同源建模方法搜索模板时当序列相似度低于(时则一般不考虑采用该方法。30%同源建模方法搜索模板时当序列相似度低于(时则一般不考虑采用该方法。30%Chou-Fasman是一种基于(的预测方法经验参数PDB是蛋白质的( 结构数据库PIR是( 蛋白质数据库以下不属于蛋白质序列数据库的是( PDB以下属于蛋白质三维结构测定方法的是( X-射线晶体衍射在药物和受体之间的识别中起重要作用的非键相互作用主要包括( 疏水作用、立体相互作用、包括离子-偶极作用等在内的静电作用定义能被受体所识别的、与受体受点所识别结合起关键作用的药物分子的分子

3、片断及三维空间位置的排布为( 药效基团以下属于蛋白质结构分类数据库的有(C ATH、SCOP题目答案(是指进化树的拓扑形状由两两序列的进化距离决定的。距离依靠法(distancemethods已知某蛋白质部分序列如下: MAHAGRTGYDNREIVMKYIHYKLSQRGYEWDAGDVGAAPPGAAPAPGIFSSQPGHTPHPAASRDPVARTSPLQTPAAPGAAAGPALSPVPPVVHLTLRQAGDDFSRRYRRDFAE MSSQLHLTPFTARGRFATVVEELFRDGVNWGRIVAFFEFGGVMCVESVNREMSPLVDNIALWMTEYLNRHLHTWI

4、QDNGGWDAFVELYGPSMRPLFDFSWLSLKTLLSLALVGAC ITLGAYLGHK。该蛋白质的第212-233氨基酸序列具有以下功能?跨膜亲缘关系远的序列之间的比对选用下面哪个打分矩阵合适?PAM250当所考虑的谱系间进化速率可变时,(比较适用邻位相连法(Neighbor-joining该蛋白质来源于哪个基因?【MVFTVSCSKMSSIVDRDDSSIFDGLVEEDDKDKAKRVSRNKSEKKRRDQFNVLIKELGSMLPGNARKMDKSTVLQKSIDFLRKHKETTAQSDASEIR QDWKPTFLSNEEFTQLMLEALDGFFLAIMTDGSII

5、YVSESVTSLLEHLPSDLVDQSIFNFIPEGEHSEVYKILSTHLLESDSLTPEYLKSKNQLEFCCHMLRG TIDPKEPSTYEYVRFIGNFKSLTSVSTSTHNGFEGTIQRTHRPSYEDRVCFVATVRLATPQFIKEMCTVEEPNEEFTSRHSLEWKFLFLDHRAPPIIGYLPFE VLGTSGYDYYHVDDLENLAKCHEHLMQYGKGKSCYYRFLTKGQQWIWLQTHYYITYHQWNSRPEFIVCTHTVVSYAEVRAERRRELGIEESLPETAAD KSQDSGSDNRINTVSLKEALERFDHSPT

6、PSASSRSSRKSSHTAVSDPSSTPTKIPTDTSTPPRQHLPAHEKMTQRRSSFSSQSINSQSVGPSLTQPAMS QAANLPIPQGMSQFQFSAQLGAMQHLKDQLEQRTRMIEANIHRQQEELRKIQEQLQMVHGQGLQMFLQQSNPGLNFGSVQLSSGNSNIQQLTPV NMQGQVVPANQVQSGHISTGQHMIQQQTLQSTSTQQSQQSVMSGHSQQTSLPSQTPSTLTAPLYNTMVISQPAAGSMVQIPSSMPQNSTQSAT VTTFTQDRQIRFSQGQQLVTKLVTAPVACGAVMVPSTML

7、MGQVVTAYPTFATQQQQAQTLSVTQQQQQQQQQPPQQQQQQQQSSQEQQLPS VQQPAQAQLGQPPQQFLQTSRLLHGNPSTQLILSAAFPLQQSTFPPSHHQQHQPQQQQQLPRHRTDSLTDPSKVQPQ】C lock该序列对应的蛋白质具有什么样的保守功能结构域?【MGVNAVHWFRKGLRLHDNPALKECIQGADTIRCVYILDPWFAGSSNVGINRWRFLLQCLEDLDANLRKLNSRLFVIRGQPADVFPRLFKEWNITKL SIEYDSEPFGKERDAAIKKLATEAGVEVIVRISHTLYDLDKI

8、IELNGGQPPLTYKRFQTLISKMEPLEIPVETITSEVIEKCTTPLSDDHDEKYGVPSLEELGFDT DGLSSAVWPGGETEALTRLERHLERKAWVANFERPRMNANSLLASPTGLSPYLRFGCLSCRLFYFKLTDLYKKVKKNSSPPLSLYGQLLWREFFYTAAT NNPRFDKMEGNPICVQIPWDKNPEALAKWAEGRTGFPWIDAIMTQLRQEGWIHHLARHAVACFLTRGDLWISWEEGMKVFEELLLDADWSINAGS WMWLSCSSFFQQFFHCYCPVGFGRRTDPNGDYIRRYLPV

9、LRGFPAKYIYDPWNAPEGIQKVAKCLIGVNYPKPMVNHAEASRLNIERMKQIYQQLSR YRGLGLLASVPSNPNGNGGFMGYSAENIPGCSSSGSCSQGSGILHYAHGDSQQTHLLKQGRSSMGTGLSGGKRPSQEEDTQSIGPKVQRQSTN】FAD_bind ing_7以下哪个命令是blast 2.2.30+用来格式化数据库的?formatdb下列哪个程序是将核酸序列按6条链翻译成蛋白质序列后搜索由核酸序列数据库按6条链翻译成的蛋白质序列数据库?b lastxTblastx是核酸-核酸比对。此种查询将库中的核酸序列和查询的核酸序列

10、都翻译成蛋白质(每条核酸序列会产生3条可能的蛋白序列。这种说法是否正确?否以下哪个软件通过对特征序列(GT-AG的分析进行直接内含子/外显子剪接位点识别?NetGene2某天,你在实验中发现一个有趣的表型,经过一系列实验锁定某个基因,测序结果如下: GATGGGCTGGAAGTAAGGAAACATGTAATGATAGGCGGACTCCCAGCACAGAAAAAAAGGTAGATCTGAATGCTGATCCCCTGTGTGAGAGA AAAGAATGGAATAAGCAGAAACTGCCATGCTCAGAGAATCCTAGAGATACTGAAGATGTTCCTTGGATAACACTAAATAGCA

11、GCATTCAGAAA GTTAATGAGTGGTTTTCCAGAAGTGATGAACTGTTAGGTTCTGATGACTCACATGATGGGGAGTCTGAATCAAATGCCAAAGTAGCTGATGTAT TGGACGTTCTAAATGAGGTAGATGAATATTCTGGTTCTTCAGAGAAAATAGACTTACTGGCCAGTGATCCTCATGAGGCTTTAATATGTAAAAGT GAAAGAGTTCACTCCAAATCAGTAGAGAGTAATATTGAAGACAAAATATTTGGGAAAACCTATCGGAAGAAGGCAAGCCTCCCCAACTTAAGC CAT

12、GTAACTGAAAATCTAATTAT该序列来源于哪个基因?BRCA1某天,你在实验中发现一个有趣的表型,经过一系列实验锁定某个基因,测序结果如下: GATGGGCTGGAAGTAAGGAAACATGTAATGATAGGCGGACTCCCAGCACAGAAAAAAAGGTAGATCTGAATGCTGATCCCCTGTGTGAGAGA AAAGAATGGAATAAGCAGAAACTGCCATGCTCAGAGAATCCTAGAGATACTGAAGATGTTCCTTGGATAACACTAAATAGCAGCATTCAGAAA GTTAATGAGTGGTTTTCCAGAAGTGATGAACTGTTAG

13、GTTCTGATGACTCACATGATGGGGAGTCTGAATCAAATGCCAAAGTAGCTGATGTAT TGGACGTTCTAAATGAGGTAGATGAATATTCTGGTTCTTCAGAGAAAATAGACTTACTGGCCAGTGATCCTCATGAGGCTTTAATATGTAAAAGT GAAAGAGTTCACTCCAAATCAGTAGAGAGTAATATTGAAGACAAAATATTTGGGAAAACCTATCGGAAGAAGGCAAGCCTCCCCAACTTAAGC 有基因组信息学2017年4月4日18:44GAAAGAGTTCACTCCAAATCAGTAGAGAGTA

14、ATATTGAAGACAAAATATTTGGGAAAACCTATCGGAAGAAGGCAAGCCTCCCCAACTTAAGC CATGTAACTGAAAATCTAATTAT这部分序列对应的蛋白质在PDB库中有三级结构吗?某天,你在实验中发现一个有趣的表型,经过一系列实验锁定某个基因,测序结果如下: GATGGGCTGGAAGTAAGGAAACATGTAATGATAGGCGGACTCCCAGCACAGAAAAAAAGGTAGATCTGAATGCTGATCCCCTGTGTGAGAGA AAAGAATGGAATAAGCAGAAACTGCCATGCTCAGAGAATCCTAGAGATACTGAAGAT

15、GTTCCTTGGATAACACTAAATAGCAGCATTCAGAAA GTTAATGAGTGGTTTTCCAGAAGTGATGAACTGTTAGGTTCTGATGACTCACATGATGGGGAGTCTGAATCAAATGCCAAAGTAGCTGATGTAT TGGACGTTCTAAATGAGGTAGATGAATATTCTGGTTCTTCAGAGAAAATAGACTTACTGGCCAGTGATCCTCATGAGGCTTTAATATGTAAAAGT GAAAGAGTTCACTCCAAATCAGTAGAGAGTAATATTGAAGACAAAATATTTGGGAAAACCTATCGGAAGAAG

16、GCAAGCCTCCCCAACTTAAGC CATGTAACTGAAAATCTAATTAT。如果想通过该序列直接知道是哪个基因,下面哪个程序不适合做这件事情?blastp 下列哪个程序是将核酸序列按6条链翻译成蛋白质序列后搜索蛋白质序列数据库?blastx登录NCBI主页,分别使用BLOSUM62和PAM30打分矩阵,其他条件均使用BLAST默认条件,搜索同一蛋白质序列。分析获得的序列,大多数情况下哪一个数据库搜索获得的匹配序列多?BLOSUM 62做blastp时使用下列哪个打分矩阵?BLOSUM矩阵下面哪个选项比较正确的描述了该序列所编码的基因?【CATCCTCTTCCTCCCTGGAGA

17、AGAGCTATGAGCTGCCTGACGGCCAGGTCATCACTATTGGCAACGAGCGGTTCCGATGCCCTGAGGCTCTTT TCCAGCCTTCCTTCTTGGGTATGGAATCCTGTGGCATCCATGAAACTACATTCAATTCCATCATGAAGTGTGACGTTGACATCCGTAAAGACCTC TATGCCAACACAGTGCTGTCTGGTGGTACCACCATGTACCCAGGCATTGCTGACAGGATGCAGAAGGAGATTACTGCTCTGGCTCCTAGCACCA TGAAGATCAAGATCATTGCTCCTCCTGAGCGCAAGT

18、ACTCTGTGTGGATCGGTGGCTCCATCCTGGCCTCACTGTCCACCTTCCAGCAGATGTG GATCAGCAAGCAGGAGTACGATGAGTCCGGCCCCTCCATCGTGC】看家基因该蛋白质序列来源于哪个基因? MAHAGRTGYDNREIVMKYIHYKLSQRGYEWDAGDVGAAPPGAAPAPGIFSSQPGHTPHPAASRDPVARTSPLQTPAAPGAAAGPALSPVPPVVHL TLRQAGDDFSRRYRRDFAEMSSQLHLTPFTARGRFATVVEELFRDGVNWGRIVAFFEFGGVMCVESVNREMSPLVDNIALW

19、MTEYLNRHLHTWIQD NGGWDAFVELYGPSMRPLFDFSWLSLKTLLSLALVGACITLGAYLGHKBCL2“基因组学”这个术语是1986年由(在芬兰的一次会议上提出Tom下面哪个选项比较正确的描述了该基因?【MADQRMDISSTISDFMSPGPTDLLSGSLGTSGVDCNRKRKGSATDYQLEYAEHQGRIKNAREAHSQIEKRRRDKMNSFIDELASLVPTCNAMSRKL DKLTVLRMAVQHMKTLRGATNPYTEANYKPTFLSDDELKHLILRAADGFLFVVGCDRGKILFVSESVFKILNYSQNDLIGQSLF

20、DYLHPKDIAKVKEQLS SSDTAPRERLIDAKTGLPVKTDITPGPSRLCSGARRSFFCRMKCNRPSVKVEDKDFASTCSKKKADRKSFCTIHSTGYLKSWPPTKMGLDEDNEPDNEG CNLSCLVAIGRLHSHMVPQPANGEIRVKSMEYVSRHAIDGKFVFVDQRATAILAYLPQELLGTSCYEYFHQDDIGHLAECHRQVLQTREKITTNCYKFKI KDGSFITLRSRWFSFMNPWTKEVEYIVSTNTVVLANVLEGGDPTFPQLTAPPHSMDSMLPSGEGGPKRTHPTVPGIPGGTRA

21、GAGKIGRMIAEEIMEI HRIRGSSPSSCGSSPLNITSTPPPDASSPGGKKILNGGTPDIPSTGLLPGQAQETPGYPYSDSSSILGENPHIGIDMIDNDQGSSSPSNDEAAMAVIMSL LEADAGLGGPVDFSDLPWPL】生物钟的核心组成部分blast+相对于blast模块化了以下哪三个过程?setup、scanning、trace-back题目答案DNA microarray技术的生物学原理?碱基互补配对Genbank中包含EST序列数据的子库有哪几个?UniGene GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS3257的芯片平台是哪一

22、个?GPL96GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4794的芯片平台是哪一个?GPL570GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4882的基因表达谱中,不同疾病状态(disease state和组织类型(tissue下的差异表达基因主要参与哪个生物学过程?signal transductionGEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4882的基因表达谱中,使用在线分析工具的“Compare 2 sets of samples”功能,设定比较类型为“Rank means difference”,A组为hepatocellular cancer,B组为normal,那么在A组样本

23、中比B组的表达水平高8倍及以上的基因有多少个?2GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4794的源数据是哪一个?G SE43346 GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4882的源数据是哪一个?GSE49515 GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS5059的基因表达谱中,使用在线分析工具的“Compare 2 sets of samples”功能,设定“Two-tailed t-test (A vs B”的阈值水平为0.01,A组为所有“6 hours”样本,B组为所有“72 hours”样本,对比分析的差异表达基因有多少个?21935GEO Datasets数据库中的编

24、号为GDS3057的基因表达谱中,MYC基因在哪一个样本中的表达水平最低?GSM239498GEO Datasets数据库中的编号为GDS4794的基因表达谱中,MYC基因在哪一个样本中的表达水平最高?GSM1060752GEO Datasets数据库中的编号为GDS4794的基因表达谱中,不同疾病状态(disease state下的差异表达基因有多少?533GEO Datasets数据库中的编号为GDS5059的基因表达谱中,不同处理方案(protocal和处理时间(time下的差异表达基因有多少?467Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE技术的发

25、明者Dr. Victor Velculescu在第一次应用该技术的研究论文(Serial analysis of gene expression,Science.1995 Oct 20;270(5235:484-7中,测序的tags数量有多少?1000转录组信息学2017年4月3日17:26利用EST文库可以做哪些工作?发现新基因文库编号为1331,名称为NCI_CGAP_Brn25的EST/cDNA文库中表达水平最高的基因是哪一个?Apolipoprotein E文库编号为18318,名称为BRAWH3的EST/cDNA文库一共有多少条EST序列?46252文库编号为18318,名称为BRA

26、WH3的EST/cDNA文库中,与已知UniGene相匹配的EST序列一共有多少条?42437文库编号为18318,名称为BRAWH3的EST/cDNA文库中表达水平最高的基因是哪一个?Amyloid beta (A4 precursor-like protein 2文库编号为239,名称为Human White blood cells的EST/cDNA文库中,下列基因中哪个基因表达水平最高?Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit I文库编号为5383,名称为NIH_MGC_53的EST/cDNA文库中,与已知UniGene相匹配

27、的EST序列一共有多少条?8753文库编号为814,名称为Human White blood cells的EST/cDNA文库一共有多少条EST序列?444文库编号为814,名称为Human White blood cells的EST/cDNA文库中,与已知UniGene相匹配的EST序列一共有多少条?335文库编号为886,名称为NCI_CGAP_Lip2的EST/cDNA文库中,与已知UniGene相匹配的EST序列一共有多少条?661文库编号为886,名称为NCI_CGAP_Lip2的EST/cDNA文库中表达水平最高的基因是哪一个?Immunoglobulin heavy consta

28、nt gamma 1 (G1m marker在题名为“Novel differential transcript expression identified byLongSAGE in the mouse endometrium during the implantationwindow”的文章中,作者使用了哪个工具来进行pathways分析的?Ingenuity转录组学的常规生物化学与分子生物研究技术和方法有哪些?Northern blotRNA-Seq原位杂交R ACE逆转录P CRR eal-timequantative PCR 转录组学的高通量研究技术和方法有哪些?Serial ana

29、lysis ofgene expression(SAGEEST/cDNA libraryEST1011GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4882的基因表达谱中,不同疾病状态(disease state下的差异表达基因有多少?GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS4794的基因表达谱中,使用在线分15983析工具的“Compare 2 sets of samples”功能,设定“Two-tailed t-test (A vs B”的阈值水平为0.01,A组为所有“small cell lungcancer”样本,B组为所有“normal”样本,对比分析的差异表达基因有多少个?84

30、GEO Datasets数据库中的编号为GDS3257的基因表达谱中,不同组织类型(tissue下的差异表达基因有多少?GEO Datasets数据库中编号为GDS3057的芯片平台是哪一个?G PL96肿瘤文库编号为2460,名称为NCI_CGAP_CML1的EST/cDNA文库是来源于正常组织还是肿瘤组织?4在使用UniGene数据库的在线分析工具Digital Differential Display(DDD,对两组EST/cDNA文库(A组:ID=2460,Name=NCI_CGAP_CML1;B组:ID=239,Name=Human Whiteblood cells进行对比分析,差异

31、表达基因有几个?Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE技术中,测定出来的代表10-20基因表达的序列长度一般有多长?蛋白质组信息学2017年5月9日11:20同源建模方法搜索模板时当序列相似度低于(时则一般不考虑采用该方法。30%Chou-Fasman是一种基于(的预测方法经验参数PDB是蛋白质的( 结构数据库PIR是( 蛋白质数据库以下不属于蛋白质序列数据库的是( PDB以下属于蛋白质三维结构测定方法的是( X-射线晶体衍射在药物和受体之间的识别中起重要作用的非键相互作用主要包括( 疏水作用、立体相互作用、包括离子-偶极作用等在内的静电作用定义能被受

32、体所识别的、与受体受点所识别结合起关键作用的药物分子的分子片断及三维空间位置的排布为( 药效基团以下属于蛋白质结构分类数据库的有(C ATH、SCOP操作题2017年6月13日18:48 问题答案在PubMed中查找标题tiTitletitle在PubMed中查找标题或摘要tiabTIABBLAST搜索结果中EVALUE的含义S值可靠性的评价RNA-Seq的应用:基因表达、单核苷酸变异发现、种系和表达等位基因、转录后单核苷酸变异、融合基因发现DNA Microarray DNA microarray 分 析 案 例亠 . 2012 0 戗 16 ( 5 . 45 66 , doil 10 .

33、1111 1744 . 9987 2012 01111 .Gene expreng a high-resolutio DNA microarra Of peripheral whole bloodimmediatel before and after leukocytapheresis for r euma 01 a ritis. 类 风 氵 显 关 节 炎0! M, 丫 日 m K, Mu G, 一 丫 4 甲 a R. 一 。 m 0 T, 蜘 h 疆 K, 亠 , 一 S 呷 m010 & 一 n I.Department 酐 Internal Medicine and Rhe

34、umatology. ndO Unierstty S 劭 00t Medicine Department Of General Medicine. Juntendo T000 Koto Geriatit Ile dicalCWelch's t-testR.basic packageP < 0 .05thera rtatnin to intractable rhe umatoid atthritis RA even cases ofdru aner oris a sate. uniin 25370 genes h0W tgene2110 up-regulated genes1864

35、 down-regulated genesampletreatment 什 om eight RA patents w 0 recetved LCAP Among these patients 却 Of them achieved 20 % improvement in the core set Of the American College Of Rh eumatology (ACR20. and thus. they were confirmed as LCAP responders Gene expresson anatysts was done WIth a high-resoluto

36、n 0 microarray The resurts Of each Ot the two grotJPS' gene expression values (immediately before and after LCAP w ere ( alc ulated using Welch's t-test Calc ulations were performed h a statistic al software R basic acka if the was less than 0 05 thiSwas seen as a sgnltcant change Ithe numbe

37、r genes showtng a PvaJue < 0 05 In theupregulatjng group was 2110 . and T ne resurts Of pathwav analvsts using the MetaCore programIndicate that gene groups 讲 0 噻 for ( ytOSke letal remodeling are upregulated and genes related to Immune re sponse S, such a s antigens presenting Via major h 殴 ompa

38、 心 ( omplex Class 1 and 生 are downregulated just after LCAP These findings may relate to LCAP emc 瓿 y for , patients, but 卜 needs further investgatjon0 2012 The Au 0 Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis 0 2012 International S 佤 地 for ApheresisP 0 23 6371 PubMed -an processpathway analysis by MetaCore

39、program生 物 学 知 识cDNA Library Celt 1979 Dec , 18 ( 4 : 1303 · 16 ·Use Of a cDNA library fo r studies on evolution and developmental expression Of the chorion multigene families.Sim GK, Kafatos FC, Jones CW, Koehler MD, Efstratiad is A, Maniatis T.AbstractA cDNA library has been constructed

40、from an RNA preparation highly enriched in silkmoth chorion mRNAs.Many distinct clones have been identified fro m this library using a stepwise procedure: scoring fo r infrequent hexanucleotide restriction enzyme recognition sequences; detailed characterization with restriction enzymes that recogniz

41、e relatively frequent tetranucleotide sequences; probing the arrangement Of the corresponding sequences in chromosomal DNA by the Southern procedure; and detailed cross-hybridization理论题2017年6月23日14:58analysis. Unique clones , as well as two classes Of distinct but related clones , were revealed by h

42、ybridization. The cross-hybridizationanalysis was greatly facilitated by a newly developed , semiquantitative dot hybridization procedure. The same procedure made it feasible to conveniently estimate the relative abundance Of several different sequences in an mRNA mixture. Cloned sequences which sco

43、red as relatively abundant in total chorion mRNA were tested with stage-specific chorion mRNA at a very stringent criterion Of hybridization. They we re thus characterized as early, middle or late sequences with respect to development.The characterized cDNA clones can n OW be used as probes for stud

44、ying the evolution , chromosomal organization and regulateddevelopmental expression Of the chorion multigene families.巧 1977EST Science. 1991 Jun 21 , 252 ( 5013 : 1651 · 6 .Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project.Adams MD, Kelley JM, Gocayne JD, Dubnick M

45、, Polymeropoulos MH, Xiao H, Merril CR, WuA, Olde B, Moreno RF, et al.SourceSection Of Receptor Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute Of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.AbstractAutomated partial DNA sequencing was conducted on more than

46、 600 randomly selected human brain complementary DNA (cDNA clones to generate expressed sequence tags (ESTs. ESTs have applications in the discovery Of new human genes , mapping Of the humanidentification Of coding regions genome , and n genomIC sequences. Of the sequences generated , 337 represent

47、new genes , i ncluding48 with significant similarity to genes from other organisms , such as a yeast RNA polymerase Il subunit; Drosophila kinesin,Notch , andEnhancer Of split; and a murine tyrosine kinase receptor. Forty-six ESTs we re mapped to chromosomes after amplification by the polymerase cha

48、in reaction. This fast approach to cDNA characterization will facilitate the tagging Of most human genes in a few years at a fraction Of the cost Of complete genomic sequencing , provide new genetic markers , and serve as a resource in diverse biological research fi elds.PMID : . . 2047873Nature. 19

49、92 Feb 13 ; 355 ( 6361 : 632 · 4 .Sequence identification of 2 , 375 human brain genes.Adams MD, Dubnick M, Kerlavage AR, Moreno R, Kelley JM, Utterback TR, Nagle JW, Fields C, Venter JC.SourceReceptor Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, National Institute Of Neurological Disorders and

50、Stroke, National Institutes Of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 ·AbstractWe recently described a new approach fo r the rapid characterization Of expressed genes by partial DNA sequencing to generate。expressed sequence tags 。 From a set of 600 human brain complementary DNA clones , 348 were info

51、rmative nuclear-encoded messenger RNAs. We have now partially sequenced 2 , 672 new , independent cDNA clones isolated fro m four human brain cDNA libraries to generate2 , 375 expressed sequence tags to nuclear-encoded genes. 348 brain expressed sequence tags from our previousThese sequences , toget

52、her with 870 , 769 base pairs Of DNA study, comprise more than 2 , 500 new human genes and sequence.These data represent an approximate doubling Of the number Of human genes identified by DNA sequencing and may represent as many as 5 % Of the genes in the human genome.PMID: 1538749SAGE Science到1995

53、0 ct 20 ;270 (5235 :484 · 7 ·Serial analysis Of gene expression.Velculescu VE ,Zhang L ,Vogelstein B ,Kinzler KW.SourceOncology Center ,Johns Hopkins University ,Baltimore ,MD 21231 ,USA.AbstractThe characteristics o f an organism are determined by the genes expressed within it.A method wa

54、s developed ,called serial analysis o f gene expression (SAGE, that allows the quantitative and simultaneous analysis o f alarge number o f transcripts . T o demonstrate this strategy ,short diagnostic sequence tags were isolated fro m pancreas ,concatenated ,and cloned. Manual sequencing Of 1000 ta

55、gs revealed a gene expression pattern characteristic Of pancreatic function. New pancreatic transcripts corresponding to novel tags we re identified. SAGE should provide a broadly applicable means fo r the quantitative cataloging and comparison Of expressed genes in a variety Of normal, developmenta

56、l, and disease states .PMID: 7570003SAGE 分 析 案 例Mol Biol Rep. 2012 Oct 12 .Epub ahead Of printNovel differential transcript expression identified by LongSAGE in the mouse endometrium during the implantation window.Ding YB ,He JL ,Chen XM ,Liu XQ, Wang YXSourceDepartment Of Public Health, Chongqing M

57、edical University, NO. 1 Yixueyuan Rd ,B ox 197 ,Chongqing, 400016 ,People's Republic of China, dingyb AbstractFull development Of a receptive uterus is necessary for embryo implantation however ,many genes that are required for the endometrial modifications that OCCIT during this process remain

58、 unidentified. TO identify novel genes that control endometrial modifications during this period, we investigated the differentlal geneexpresslon profile 旧 the endometrium of mice on days 2 (D2 (pre-implantation and 4 (D4 Of pregnancy (i.e., the implantation window using 17-bp long serial analysis Of gene expression (LongSAGE. One hundred fifty-six tags were annotated as unlque transcripts. Of these ， 101 tags we re significantly upr