新概念英语第二册Lesson-4

1、 Lesson 4An exciting trip postcardkangaroopouchkoala 1.exciting adj.令人兴奋的令人兴奋的v. excite 激动=adj. excited ,exciting-ed:自己感到；-ing：令人感到如：interesting:令人感到有趣的；interested：感到有意思的, surprised, surprising; amused,amusing eg: The news excited me. The book is interesting. .receive v.接受，收到 accept:同意接收，主观上乐意receiv

2、e（与have通用）：客观的收到 receive/have a letter from sbeg: This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy, but I didnt accept it.firm (business /company/corporation/ public company上市公司) 事务所 an accounting firm会计师事务所, a law firm律师事务所different be different from 讲座主题： love is quite different from marriage

3、. As long as you stand, the sky is not going to fall down 只要你站着，天就不会塌下来 As long as I am alive, I will take care of you. 只要我活着，我就会照顾你 poison 毒药 Ones meat is anothers poison一个人喜欢的东西未必是另外一个人喜欢的 Women have different tastes for men 女人看男人的眼光不一样 poison 在道德上败坏，毒害 poison our image /reputation毒害形象/名声 ruin one

4、s image and reputation 毁坏了形象和名声 Many Japanese cartoons have poisoned the minds of the young people. 很多日本卡通毒害了年轻人的大脑 Some bad guys have poisoned/ruined the image of the whole nation. 一些在海外中国人的表现败坏了整体的名族形象 difference the difference between A and B tell the difference between right and wrong = tell rig

5、ht from wrong = distinguish between right and wrong=distinguish right from wrong分清是非 distinguished 杰出的,尊敬的， distinguished ladies and gentlemen a distinguished professor 有名望的教授 Our voices are very much alike and even our close friends cant tell the difference. 我们声音类似，无人能够辨明差异 The fake LV bag and the

6、real one are very much alike, no one can tell the difference. 正品和冒牌品如此之相似，以至于人们都看不出来有什么不同make a difference 有影响 起重要作用 Give me a chance, I will make a difference 请给我一次机会，我会做得很好 Thank you very much; your help really made a difference. 谢谢你，真是帮了大忙 make no difference 无关紧要。 center at the city center/ in th

7、e downtown area 市区 shopping center/mall 购物中心 recreation center 娱乐中心 leisure center 休闲中心 we have a lot of recreation and leisure centers in HangZhou. I am going to take you to one of them today. It is famous for its foot massage.abroad go/study/do business abroad去国外，在国外读书，在国外做生意 abroad VS overseas ov

8、erseas companies/ Chinese/ fast-food restaurant, overseas experts国外专家 international companies 跨国企业Lesson 4 An exciting trip I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already vi

9、sited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very ex

10、citing. Language points1. I have just received a letter from my brother.收到某人来信2.He is working for a big firm.get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb.在上班、任职,还可以用work at/ine.g.My father works for a business company.3. he has already visited a great number of different places in Austral

11、ia. a number of+可数名词的复数，number前一般可用large, great, small等形容词强调数量大小。Language points4. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs.He has gone to the south.(还在)He has been to the south.(去过)5. He is finding this trip very exciting.find+n+adj.觉得怎么样e.g.I find the film boring. Do you

12、find the book very interesting?现在现在完成完成时态时态WinterWinter has has alreadyalready comecome. .Grammar现在现在完成完成时的构成形式时的构成形式 have done has助动词助动词过去过去分词分词Grammar用来表示动作或状态发生在过去用来表示动作或状态发生在过去,但它的但它的影响现在还存在影响现在还存在。 They have left. -他们已经离开了他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch. -我已经吃过午饭了我已经吃过午饭了

13、,也就是说我现在不饿也就是说我现在不饿现在现在完成完成时的含义时的含义也可表示也可表示持续到现在持续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. -从从2001年开始学的年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢现在还在继续学着呢sum up一、现在完成时1)构成肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其它疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其它He has been to Australia.He has not been to Australia.Has he been to Au

14、stralia?nowpastfuture一般过去一般过去时时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作在的动作/状态状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响Grammar 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事为过去发生的，强调过去的事

15、情对现在的影响，强调的是影响情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2一般过去时一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in Octo

16、ber, just now, - 具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊模糊的时间状语的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时错错Tom has written a letter to his p

17、arents last night.对对Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Grammar3现在完成时现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一动词一般是延续性的般是延续性的,如如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。She joined the League three years ago.(加入的

18、动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续)She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持续)Grammar延续动词表示经验、经历；延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。比较延续动词与瞬间动词比较延续动词与瞬间动词

19、 He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果表结果)Ive known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历表经历)Grammarsince 用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间 “自从自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company sinc

20、e 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较比较since和和for并非有并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工作。)I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。)GrammarHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Sh

21、anghai.他他(曾经曾经) 去过上海。去过上海。比较比较 have/has been to , have/has gone toGrammar1. He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived he

22、re three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The doo

23、r _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化Exercisesum up2)用法1.过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与表示时间的副词连用，如yet, just, before, recently, ever, never等。e.g. We have just won the match. I have never been to Australia before.一、现在完成时sum up2)用法1.表示从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示一段时间的时间状态连用，如so far, up till now, since, for a long time, in the past few years, those days等。e.g. So far, he has broken two world records. I