BEC中级阅读（2020级）复习真题 Tes 5.docx

1、headquarters in the home country, R&D facilities should be close to these. Today, however, leading manufacturing companies are increasingly establishing a presence at different locations around the world. This enables them to benefit from the research of foreign companies and institutions of higher

2、education. These manufacturing companies need to move products from development to market very quickly. The intention is that the new R&D facilities familiarise themselves with a number of markets around the world, and recommend when to enter each of them with the companys new products.There are two

3、 main types of overseas R&D facilities. The first absorbs information from universities and other institutions in the foreign country. The second gives support to production sites based in the foreign country. With the first type, the facility will normally be headed by a scientist, and information

4、will flow from the facility to the central laboratory at corporate headquarters. The second type is run by a manager from within the company, and information flows in the opposite direction.With both types of facility, identifying a highly competent leader is crucial. In one case, CRS Components, a

5、US electronics company, established an R&D facility in the UK. Although the engineer appointed to head the facility was an outstanding researcher, it became apparent that very few ideas were flowing back to corporate headquarters. At first, the problem was attributed to staff changes and slow scient

6、ific discovery. It emerged, however, that this was not the problem. In fact, the facility leader lacked the skills required to explain and promote research results within the company. Consequently, the number of staff attached to the facility remained small, and its productivity low.Companies also h

7、ave to decide the best size for their R&D facilities. According to Tore Hansen, manager of a telecommunications R&D facility, A small facility doesnt command sufficient respect in the scientific community. Also, with a larger facility like ours, fixed costs can be spread more easily. However, an unf

8、riendly working atmosphere can be a problem. At one point, staff at the facility were reluctant to walk into one anothers offices to talk about research. We had to initiate a programme to make them feel less isolated; this involved sending researchers to different laboratory units at the facility.R&

9、D facilities abroad which are far from a companys powerful central laboratory are often particularly good at combining knowledge from different scientific fields into new products. Forexample, a Japanese manufacturer had an R&D facility in the UK which developed a successful new loudspeaker. The sci

10、entists located in the UK were no better qualified than their counterparts in Japan, but senior researchers in Japan acknowledged that a research team based in Japan probably wouldnt have come up with the product. The research management there was too focused on existing products and would not have

11、encouraged the pioneering loudspeaker project. When companies set up a new R&D facility, it is important they integrate its activities into the company as a whole. Management must pay close attention to the facilitys research agenda and create mechanisms to keep this in line with the companys overal

12、l objectives. But with the high high degree of uncertainty of R&D outcomes, continuous adjustments to research agendas will also need to be initiated.13 According to the first paragraph, companies may move their R&D section abroad so that it canA operate more cheaply than in the home country.B speci

13、alise in products not sold in the domestic market.C advise when to launch products in different countries.D receive training from foreign higher education establishments.14 What feature of the first type of R&D facility is mentioned in the second paragraph?A It passes information from universities t

14、o other organisations.B It is led by a member of the companys executive staff.C It is near to the companys manufacturing facilities.D It sends information back to the home country.15 What was the cause of the difficulties at CRS Components R&D facility?A the rate of staff turnoverB the speed of scie

15、ntific discoveryC the failure of the head engineer to communicateD the inadequate research skills of the facility head16 According to Tore Hansen, the researchers at his R&D facilityA became too expensive to employ.B rarely discussed their work with colleagues.C believed they were not sufficiently r

16、espected.D asked to move to a different section at the facility.17 According to the fifth paragraph, a new loudspeaker was developed in the UK, where researchersA had more freedom to develop new ideas.B shared information more effectively.C had a higher level of qualifications.D had access to more r

17、esources.18 According to the final paragraph, one role of managers is toA hold regular meetings to decide on R&D objectives.B improve predictions of the outcomes of R&D work.C divide responsibilities fairly among R&D staff.D ensure that R&D reflects corporate goals.PART FOURQuestions 19-33Read the a

18、rticle below giving advice about flexible working hours.Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A. B. C or D on the opposite page.For each question 19-33 mark one letter (A. B. C or D) on your Answer sheet. There is an example at the beginning.Flexible Working HoursIf youre (0) .Efor in

19、troducing flexible working hours in your company, howdo you do it.A policy of flexible working hours should (19)operational benefits for yourorganisation, and a better work/life balance for your staff. For example, it could (20)longer business opening hours and having people in the office whentheyre

20、 really needed, not when standard working hours (21) Employersshould also benefit from better morale and improved recruitment and retention of staff.Every company and workforce is different, so look (22) what your staffwant, and (23) how the needs of the business would be (24) byflexible working hou

21、rs. Different employees may have different needs: parents like time off in school holidays, while young, single employees may prefer a later start.The introduction of flexible working (25) a good opportunity to re-examine how you operate. Its surprising how many jobs can be flexible, but if somebody

22、wants to work flexible hours and their job doesnt (26) it, it may beadvisable to move that person. Its also important to ensure that line managers (27) the policy consistently. Theres no (28) in one managerpermitting a member of staff to work flexible hours if another manager doesnt. Up-to-date reco

23、rds will keep you informed about when staff are working. In customer service jobs, shifts must be properly covered and in an office (29)you cant ask for something to be done by the next day if the relevantperson isnt there.In order to (30)if theres a business case for flexible working hours, checkab

24、senteeism, staff turnover and key (31) indicators. When reaching adecision, you will need to (32)into account savings such as reduced office(33)as well as extra costs like longer opening hoursExampleAobligedB responsibleC liableDcommitted0A B C D1 II119 AcauseBproposeCofferD suggest20 AleadBmeanCres

25、ultDintend21 AdemandBaskCdirectDinsist22 AthroughBupCoverD into23 AregardBconsiderCreckonDconsult24 AmetBcompletedCsuitedDkept25 AsetsBprovidesCcontributesD arranges26A admitBgiveCletDallow27A forceBapplyCdriveDcarry28A purposeBobjectiveCpointDgoal29A locationBpositioncsiteDenvironment30A secureB es

26、tablishCcreateDfix31A performanceB developmentCproductionDcapacity32A bringBputctakeDmake33A spaceBroomcareaD placePART FIVEQuestions 34-45Read the letter below promoting the services of a company that writes technical documents.In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word. It is either gramma

27、tically incorrect or does not fit in with the meeting of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPTAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.The exercise begins with two examples. (0) a

28、nd (00).Examples0AS00C0RREcTDear Mr Mallison,0 We hope you can take a moment to look at the materials as we have enclosed 00 describing the work that we do at Communications Design.Our companyoffers a unique service to give all companies that manufacture technical34 equipment. We design and write th

29、ose documents such as instruction manualsso that they can be easily understood by all users of the manufacturers35 products, and whatever their technical background.Recent market research hasquite indicated that there is a strong relationship between well-written manuals36 and marketing success. Alt

30、hough inside the pack of materials which accompany37 to this letter you will find samples of work we have done for clients, ranging38 from mobile phone companies to such manufacturers of domestic appliances. Ourrepresentative will be in your area all next week, and would be glad to39 call at your of

31、fice to discuss with your companys requirements regarding40 technical literature. In the meantime, we would be happyto answer before41 any questions you might have wanted about our services, by telephone or email.Yours sincerelyJames BerggruenMarketing Managemost environmental groups would like to s

32、ee their standards improved.B A permanent fixture on the list of top companies, Fairmile Telecommunications has slipped a little in the rankings because of recent dips in financial performance which have affected its achievement in product innovation. Despite this, it is admired for its skills in fi

33、nding and recruiting first-class people and, through its excellent training programme, motivating these employees to stay with the company. Fairmile continues to sponsor local educational and conservation projects, and has received well-earned awards for this commitment.C Margave Hospitality, rising

34、 star in the catering industry, and its CEO Jed Nolan, are being watched with close interest by the stock market. The excellent way in which the groups hotels, restaurants and conference centres are run has won praise for Margave, and this success reflects deservedly well on Nolans intelligent, acce

35、ssible and commercially astute leadership. His smart campaigns to win customers have attracted much attention and resulted in the companys impressive commercial performance this year, which flags Margave up as a valuable long-term investment.D Marks mastery of mail and freight delivery has turned th

36、e company into one of the most respected businesses of recent years. Their refusal to compromise standards or cut corners, in spite of serious increases in fuel costs, has enabled them to retain customers. CEO Paul Aron has steered the company through a partial restructure and managed to keep profit

37、s heading gently upwards. Other initiatives have involved the company in developing their business overseas, and their success in this risky project has won them awards as well as the gratitude of shareholders.PART TWOQuestions 8-12Read the review below of a book which gives advice on running a succ

38、essful family business.Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once.There is an example at the beginning, (0).FAMILY BUSINESSESPeople like dealing with family businesses; t

39、he trick to make sure these firms surviveSome of the worlds most powerful companies are also family-run businesses whose members exert a significant influence on the companys I business strategy. However; most family businesses fail to progress to the stock market or even the next generation, as Suc

40、cessful Strategies for Family Businesses, a book by business analyst Steve Owen, makes clear. (0).G.If this is achieved, owner managers can plot a course leading to both commercial success and good family relationships.Family businesses, the majority of them very small, account for about three-quart

41、ers of all companies in the UK, yet only 30% are handed down to the next generation and just 13% make it to the third. (8) Most notable is the ability of familybusinesses to provide customers with a friendly, personal service.Owen believes there are additional reasons for predicting a greater role f

42、or family businesses in the future. For example, he believes that more i and more consumers will expect companies to foster connections with the local community. (9)Failure to do so is without doubt an opportunity lost.Instead of re-examining traditional approaches to the running of family businesse

43、s, the book focuses on the case study of a family-owned technology company. The two brothers who run the company are having to resist moves by their relatives to gain greater control of the companys direction. (10)Thesemight include who is most suited to take over the business and who has no interest in the companys future.Owen believes that business has at least one area of concern it fails to discuss, sometimes with disastrous results. But it is possible to debate controversial matters in a structured way and at a neutral location such as a conference facility. He