【DOC】模块九语法学案

1、模块九语法学案一、名词性从句1、包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句2、引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：  that, whether, if（不充当 从句的任何成分）连接代词：what ,whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which连接副词：when, where, how, whyIt is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.She did not know what had happened.The news that Tom would go abroad is

2、 told by him.二、定语从句定语从句中的所有关系词不但有具体意义而且都在从句中担当一定的成分。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that等。关系副词：when, where, why等。在定语从句中，关系副词=介词+which三、状语从句1、时间状语从句1）由 as, while引导时，表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，或一个动作发生在另一个动作或过程中。2）由 after, when引导时, 表示主句动作在从句后3）由 before, when引导时，表示主句动作发生在从句动作前。4) 由whenever, every/each time引导时， 表示主句动作

3、以从句动作为条件而发生。5）由as soon as引导时， 表示主句动作发生在从句动作的一瞬间后。6）由just/hardlywhen, no soonerthan引导时， 表示主句动作发生在从句动作的一瞬间之前。 We can leave when you are ready. After she packed up her things, Mary went to book her ticket.2.原因状语从句 由 because, as, since或复合连词now that, in that 等引导3. 地点状语从句:由where, wherever引导。4.条件状语从句由

4、 if, as (so) long as, unless 引导。5. 目的状语从句由  so that, in order that, in case等引导。六、 结果状语从句由 so that, so that, such that 引导。七、让步状语从句由 though, even though, however, no matter how/what/who等引导。八、比较状语从句由 than, the morethe more, asas引导。九、方式状语从句由in the same way, as 等引导。As the sun rose the fog dispersed.

5、Whenever she had a cold, she ate only fruit.Now that we have decorated the house, we can move in.The thread breaks where it is weakest.Robbie didnt feel as she did.She ought to come down just in case anything happened.If necessary, ring me at home.3)  Idioms often use a number of words to repre

6、sent a single object, person or concept, among other things, and unless you recognize when an idiom is being used, you can easily misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.The sentence is a Complex-compound sentence. This happens when coordination(并列关系) and subordination(从属关系) occur in the same sen

7、tence. In compound sentences, there are two or more clauses. They are usually linked by coordinators such as and, or and but. Each clause can stand on its own.e.g. People who follow this religion study Buddhist sutras and they follow the teachings of Buddha.2. Summary the simple sentence subjec

8、t + predicatethe compound sentence subject + predicate +and/or/but+ subject + predicatethe complex sentence main clause + subordinate clausethe complex- compound sentence the simple sentence+ and/or/but+ the complex sentence3. Notes:  The purpose of analyzing sentences This will

9、help students better understand the meaning of a long and complicated sentence, thus, they will read articles faster and understand them better as well as learn to use complicated sentences to express their views . Use the knowledge to solve the problems correctly. Look at the text below and decide

10、if each sentence is (a) a long sentence ,(b) a compound sentence,(c)a complex sentence or(d) a compound-complex sentence.(to check if you master the important points of the knowledge)1. One English proverb is the early bird catches the worm, which is frequently used to talk about hard work bein

11、g the key to success.2. The proverb great minds think alike, but fools seldom differ is very famous although it is usually shortened to great minds think alike.3. The proverb dont count your chickens until they are hatched means dont count on something going well until it happens, and this proverb i

12、s very popular.4. The proverb make hay while the sun shines is very old, and it comes from the old day when people all worked on farms.高考题选：（2006湖南） We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us,_ we gave some bells and glasses.A. to which    B. to

13、whom   C. with whom   D. with which(2005山东) He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge.A. from which   B. after that   C. after which   D. from this(2005江苏) The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cros

14、s-river traffic is the heaviest.   A. which; where  B. at which; which  C. at which; where  D. which; in whichKeys: B A C2. Find the mistake in the following sentences and try to correct then give the reason.1) Autumn comes, leaves turn yellow.2) Have you ever aske

15、d him the reason why may explain his being late?3) If a man goes to work goes without breakfast, he may easily feel tired.4) It was early morning that we reached the coast of that city.5) The worker went on with the work which he had left it yesterday.Keys: 1) comes   &

16、#160; coming /, and    2) that/which   3) who goes without breakfast   4) when   5) which     where   3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate subordinators.1) In the autumn, leaves can be seen falling from the tree_ a str

17、ong wind blows. This kind of scene is often used to express sad feeling in films.2) _ all successful people have in common is _ they have perseverance.3) The problem with _ we are now faced is that there are not enough desks in the classroom.4) Our bad living habits, such as polling t

18、he air and water, have already destroyed much of the Earth. Only by changing _ we live can we save our planet. Keys: 1) when  2) What that   3)which   4) howThe Wonderful Wizard of Oz绿野仙踪 1. The CycloneDorothy lived in the midst of the great Kansas prairies, with Uncle

19、Henry, who was a farmer, and Aunt Em, who was the farmer's wife. Their house was small, for the lumber to build it had to be carried by wagon many miles. There were four walls, a floor and a roof, which made one room; and this room contained a rusty looking cook stove, a cupboard for the dishes, a table, three or four chairs, and the beds. Uncle Henry and Aunt Em had a big bed in one corner, and Dorothy a little bed in another corner. There was