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1、 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-1/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant future2012年年K12英语英语动词不定式动词不定式复习课教学案复习课教学案 教师姓名:教师姓名:蔡芝武蔡芝武 年级:年级: 高三 学员姓名:学员姓名: 课次:课次:总课次 ,第 次 授课时间授课时间 年 月 日(星期 ) 时 分至 时 分课课 题题时态语态分析时态语态分析教学目标教学目标Understand and master the usage of Infinitive as required 重难点重难点The usa

2、ge of infinitive in context课前检查课前检查作业完成情况作业完成情况: 优优 良良 中中 差差 建议:建议: 教学步骤教学步骤Stage 1 Warming-up Greetings: Good morning afternoon, XX! How was your last week Were there anything interesting last week?Stage 2 Lead-inToday were gonna review a key language point Infintive(动词不定式动词不定式),but before that, le

3、ts have a general view on nonfinitive-verb, which contains three forms(the infinitive , v-ing and p.p), theoritically we gonna elaborate these forms one by one, while in context,we may encounter these forms interconnected in one question, esp in testing paper of national college entrance exam. The f

4、ollowing chart shows how they are related Nonfinitive-verb(非谓语动词非谓语动词)Infintive(动词不定式)(动词不定式)V-ing(动词(动词 ing 形式)形式)P.P.(动词过去分词)(动词过去分词)Stage 3 Language points explaining 动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式,即非谓语动词形式,它有两种形式:一种是“to + 动词原形”构成(to- infinitive) ;另一种是不带 to 的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。所有行为动词都有不定式形

5、式,其否定式是在不定式前加 not。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。(一)动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。 主动语态被动语态一般式to writeto be written进行式to be writing完成式to have writtento have been written完成进行式to have been writing 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-2/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a bri

6、lliant future1、不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的 (1)一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生。They made plans to live in Paris. 他们计划住在巴黎。 (to live 发生在 made plans 之后)(2)进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。He pretended to be listening to me carefully. 他假装认真地听我讲。注意注意:不定式的进行式常同 may, might, can, could, must, need, ought to, shoul

7、d, will, would 等情态动词连用,表示“可能、应当或想必”正在进行的动作。You oughtnt to be talking so much. 你不应该说这么多。He might be reading a novel at that time. 那时他可能正在读小说。(3)不定式的完成时表达下列意义:A. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。(to have kept 发生在 I am sorry 所表示的时间之前)She is said to have jus

8、t completed a novel. 据说她刚完成一部小说。(to have just completed a novel 发生在 She is said 所表示的时间之前)B. 用在 intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were 等词后,不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作, to have been 表示状态。I meant to have done the work before Sunday.

9、 我本想星期天前完成这项工作。 (没完成)I was to have been a doctor. 我本打算当个医生。 (没当成)I intended to have come to see you.我本打算来看你的。(但没来)C.用在 seem, appear, thing, consider, believe 等后,表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。I seem to have seen her somewhere before.以前我好像在那见过她。 (see 在 seem 之前发生)He was believed to have been a reporter.都认为他从前干过记者。D.

10、 在 should(would) like 或 should(would)have like 后用不定式完成式表示没有实现的愿望。I should like to have gone with her.我多么愿意和她一起去。 (但没去)I would like to have seen her face when she read the letter.我真想见到她读信时的表情。 (但没看到)(4)不定式的完成进行式表示动作在谓语动词之前发生,而且一直进行着。 He was happy to have been staying with his uncle.他很高兴一直跟他叔叔住在一起。 He

11、 looked too young to have been publishing books for six years.他看上去很年轻,不像已经出版了 6 年书的人。(5) come + 不定式表示一个动作发生的过程 He will come to understand it in the end.他最终会懂得的。 Later he came to be a famous painter.后来他成了著名的画家。2、动词不定式的被动语态如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的执行者不定式用主动式;如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式用被动语态。The doctor recommend

12、ed the room to be aired. 医生建议让房间透透气。The sports meeting on the weekend has to be put off. 周末的运动会被迫推迟。3、意义上被动形式上主动的不定式(1) 在“there be+主语”中,不定式用作定语修饰名词或代词,并同所修饰的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。There is no time to lose. 一点时间也不能浪费了。 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-11/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant future(2)

13、在“名词(代词) be easy(difficult, fit 等形容词) 不定式”结构中,有时尽管主语是动作的承受者,不定式在意义上是被动,形式上却是主动,这时可以看成省略了动词逻辑主语 for us, for me , for you 等。 The book is difficult to read. 这本书很难读懂。He is not easy to get on well with. 他不易相处。(3)如果不定式逻辑主语是不定式动作的执行者,不定式和它修饰的名词虽然在逻辑上有动宾关系,也必须用主动形式,因为逻辑主语同不定式的关系更为直接。 Weve got plenty to eat.

14、我们有足够的东西吃。 (句子主语 We 在逻辑上是不定式 to eat 动作的执行者,不定式 to eat 和它修饰的名词 plenty 在逻辑上是动宾关系,用主动形式表示被动意义。 )(4)在 too to 和 enough to 结构中,不定式可用主动语态表示被动意义。 The box is too heavy to carry.这个箱子太重了搬不动。(5)blame 的不定式作表语时,用主动语态和被动语态表示被动的意义,但含义不同。You were to blame. (= you are at fault.)这该怪你。You were to be blamed.(= You are g

15、oing to be blamed.)你要受到指责。(6)something, little, what, much, a great deal 等作句子主语,表语为 to do 时,不定式可用主动语态表示被动意义。 A great deal of work remains to do.还有很多工作要做。 What is to do tomorrow? 明天干什么?(二)动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。1、 不定式作主语不定式及不定式短语作主语时,为了平衡句子结构,可用 it 作形式主语,而把真正的不定式后置。To

16、 make a plan first is a good idea. 先制订计划是个好办法。It is a good idea to make a plan first . 首先制订一个计划是一个好主意。在下列情况下只宜采用在下列情况下只宜采用 it 作形式主语作形式主语(1)在疑问句或感叹句中作主语的不定式。How important it is to master a foreign language!掌握一门外语是多么重要啊!(2) 当句中谓语动词不是 be, seem, appear 等连系动词时。It took us 20 minutes to get to the station.

17、 赶到车站花了我们 20 分钟。(3) 在“it +be + adj. + of + sb. +不定式”结构中。Its very nice of you to help me with my work. 帮我的工作,你真是太好了。2、不定式作表语(1)主语、表语都是不定式,前者是条件,后者是目的或结果。To learn a language is to use it. 学语言是为了使用语言。To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. 对敌人仁慈就是对人民残酷。(2)主语是 duty, plan, wish, hope, idea,

18、 purpose 等名词。His wish was to become a scientist. 他的愿望是当一名科学家。To the doctor ,the most important thing is to save peoples lives. 对医生来说,最重要的事是拯救人们的生命。(3)表示时态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。 You are to die at 98.你会 98 岁去世。 Man is to live a better life in the next century.人类在下一世纪会生活的更好。 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-12/1

19、3-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant future(4)表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿 、禁止”等。 They are to marry next week.(安排)他们下周结婚。 Nobody is to know.(禁止)不应让任何人知道。 You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed.(愿望)要想成功,就必须有耐力,有毅力。(5)主语是 what 引导的名词性从句。What surprised me most is to see him bea

20、ten black and blue. 使我吃惊的是看到他被打得遍体鳞伤。What is important at present is to save lives.目前救人要紧。3、不定式作宾语(1)有些及物动词常跟不定式作宾语,如 agree, afford, arrange, ask, begin , decide, forget, hope, like , start , want, wish 等。也可用来作形容词的宾语,如 able, afraid, anxious, careful, content, determined, eager, foolish, free, glad,

21、inclined, likely, pleased, prepared, ready, slow, sure, sorry, willing 等。She wanted to borrow my bike. 她想借我的自行车。The boys and girls are anxious to learn how to swim. 孩子们渴望学会游泳。(2)不定式作宾语时,句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语,与不定式动词的关系是主动关系,但有时不定式和主语却是动宾关系。 English is not difficult to learn.英语不难学。(3)feel, find, judge, make,

22、 think, believe, consider 等动词后如果是不定式作宾语,后面有宾语补足语时,将真正的宾语不定式放在补足语的后面,而将形式宾语 it 放在补语之前。 He found it hard to learn maths.他发现数学很难学。 I think it our duty to support the elder.我认为赡养老人是我们的义务。4、不定式作定语不定式作定语时,需放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。它与所修饰的名词或代词有下列关系:(1)动宾关系如果不定式的动词是不及物动词,和所修饰名词搭配的介词不能省略。Have you got anything to say?你

23、有什么要说的吗?He had no room to live in.他没房子住。(2)主谓关系He is always the first to come and last to leave.他总是第一个来,最后一个走。The next train to arrive is from Washington.下一列到站的火车是从华盛顿开来的。(3)同位语关系The farmers thought of ways to protect their crops. 农民们想出保护庄稼的办法。He had the wish to be an artist. 他愿意当艺术家。5、不定式作状语不定式作状语时

24、,常表示目的、结果、原因、条件等,通常放在它所修饰的动词之后。(1)表目的 不定式作目的状语时,其动作发生在谓语动词之后,一般放在句子后部。但如要表示强调,也可以位于句首,前面可加 in order,不定式作目的状语时其否定必须用 in order not +不定式,或 so as not 不定式。in order to 引出的不定式可置于句首或句中,so as not不定式不能放在句首,只能放在句中。He stopped to have a rest. 他停下来休息。 (目的)To search for gold, many people went to California. 为了寻找金子

25、,许多人去了加利福尼亚。 (目的)I often read China Daily so as to improve my reading. 我常读中国日报以提高我的阅读。 (目的)We often listen to English broadcasts to/in order to/so as to get listening training. 我们经常听英语广播,以增强听力训练。(2)表示结果 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-13/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant futureA. 形容词如 ri

26、ght, polite, crazy, generous, good, greedy, kind, selfish, silly, splendid, nice, unselfish, unkind 等对人进行表扬或批评,后接不定式表示结果,不定式的逻辑主语也就是句子主语。He is very polite to show us the way.他很有礼貌给我们指路。He is silly to say so. 他这么说太傻了。B. 不定式和 only 连用,表示未预料到的结果。He woke up only to find himself famous. 他一觉醒来,竟发现自己成名了。The

27、 thief broke into the house only to find it empty. 小偷闯进屋子,却发现是空的。C.在 so as to, such as to, enough to 等结构中的不定式皆表示结果。He is too young to join the army. 他太年轻了,不能参军。He is so careless as to forget his pen.她太粗心了,以至于把钢笔忘了带。D.“too to”表示结果意为:太而不能,但有时不含否定意义。 He is too excited to sleep. 他太激动了,不能入睡。 (否定)We are o

28、nly too pleased to work together with you. 我们同你一起工作,真是太高兴了。 (肯定)You are too ready to find out fault with others. 你太好挑剔别人了。 (肯定)(3)表示原因,其逻辑主语是句子的主语。She wept to see him in such a terrible state.她看到他这种可怕的样子就哭了。(4)表示条件 动词不定式有时也可以表示条件,一般置于句首,否定不定式表示条件多置于句尾,这时谓语动词常含有 will, shall, should, would, can, must

29、等。To hear him talk, you would think he owned the whole world. 要是听他讲话,你会认为整个世界都是他的。(5)表明说话人的态度, 在句中作独立成份。To tell the truth, this all Greek to me.说实话,我对此一窍不通。To make a long story short, he became bankrupt.简单的说,他破产了。To be true, we can do it well.当然,我们能做好。除此之外还有:to be brief 简而言之、to be exact 精确的说、to be f

30、rank with you 老实对你说 、to be plain 老实说 、to put it straight 直截了当、to bring the story short 长话短说、to return to my subject 言归正传、to change the subject 换一个话题、to use his own words 用自己的话说、to make matter worse 更糟的是、to give him his due 公正地说、strange to say 奇怪地说、to say nothing of 姑且不讲、to conclude 总之、to crown all 更

31、好(坏)的是、to be honest 直率地说、to start /begin with 首先、to do him justice 说句公道话、to sum up总之,总而言之等。这些短语大都位于句首,偶尔位于句中或句尾,需要用逗号和其他成份隔开。但表示“更不用说”的几个短语一般要放在句尾,如 to say nothing of, not to say, not to mention, not to speak of, let alone, much less, much more 等。6、不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语动词 believe, consider, declare, find,

32、 prove, suppose, feel, think 等后面常跟 to be 不定式作宾补。有时 to be 可以省略。这类不定式改为被动语态后就变成了主语补足语。感官动词如 feel, see, hear, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at 等以及使役动词 make, have, let 等在跟不定式作宾语补足语时省略不定式符号to。但在转换成被动语态时要加上 to。We believe her (to be) innocent.我们相信她无罪。He was heard to sing next door.有人听见他在隔壁唱过歌。She

33、 made the boy go to bed early.她让那个男孩早睡觉。The boy was made to go to bed early.那个男孩被迫早睡觉。(三)动词不定式的否定式 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-1/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant future不定式的否定式由“not+动词不定式”构成。Tell him not to be late. 告诉他不要迟到。The policeman told the boys not to play in the street. 那位警察告

34、诉那些男孩们不要在街上玩。(四)动词不定式的复合结构1、for+名词或代词+不定式不定式的复合结构由“for+名词或代词+不定式”构成。这个名词或代词形式上是 for 的宾语,而意义上是不定式的逻辑主语。这种结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。如:It is necessary for us to learn from each other. 我们相互学习是必要的。 (主语)I think it a good idea for her to study medicine. 我认为她学医是个好主意。 (宾语)The engine is for you to repair. 这台发动机

35、归你修。 (表语)The lake is a good place for you to swim in. 这湖是你游泳的好地方。 (定语)I spoke slowly for them to make notes. 我讲得很慢以便让他们作笔记。 (状语)2、 “It is + 形容词X 代词(名词)不定式”句型用 of 还是用 for(1) 如果句中的形容词表示人物特征或品质,常同 of 搭配构成“It is + 形容词of代词(名词)不定式”句型。如: bold ,brave, careful, careless, considerate, cruel, rude, generous, :

36、right,wrong, kind,nice,good,polite,clever,wise, foolish, silly 等。这是一个带有感情色彩的不定式结构, 表示好意时,具有“对不胜感激”的意思;表示坏的意思时,含有“真是太,真是透了”的意思。It is kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。It was foolish of us to do so.我们这样做真是太傻了。这一结构均可改为“主语be形容词不定式”但无感情色彩。You are kind to help.你帮我很好。We are foolish to do so.我们这样做傻。(2)表示事物性质

37、的形容词如 easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, possible, safe, dangerous, necessary 常同 for 搭配,构成“It is + 形容词for代词(名词)不定式”句型。这类形容词同 for 后的名词或代词关系不密切,没有意义上的主表关系,但与句中的不定式结构关系密切,有意义上的主表关系。Its difficult for me to work out the problem.我要算出这道题目太难了。Its very important for students to learn English well.

38、对于学生们来说,学好英语是很重要的。注意注意:这类形容词 easy, convenient, dangerous, difficult, lazy, weak, hard, important, impossible, possible, safe, necessary, troublesome 等,一般不能用于“人称代词(it 除外)be形容词不定式”结构中。试比较:It is impossible for me to finish it today.我今天不可能完成这项工作。不能用 I am impossible to finish it today. Come and see me wh

39、enever it is convenient to you.方便的时候来看我。(五)动词不定式和疑问词连用(1) 关系词+动词不定式动词不定式可以和疑问代词:who, what, which 及疑问副词:when, where, how, why 等连用,构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成份。如:Who to do the work has not been decided yet. 谁干这项工作尚未决定。 (主语)He showed me how to use a computer. 他向我示范了一下怎样使用计算机。 (宾语) (2) “with + whom/which + 不

40、定式”结构“with + whom/which + 不定式”结构是一种简洁的表达方式,指人时用 whom,指物时用 which,这种结构中的 with 有时可以是 by, through, on, from 等。这种结构通常用作后置定语。She had only 15 dollars with which to buy her husband a gift. 她只有 15 美元,用它来给她丈夫买礼物。 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-1/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant futureShe is a ni

41、ce woman with whom to work.她是一个很好的工作同伴。He opened the north window from which(where) to enjoy the distant hill. 他打开北窗,从那里可以欣赏到远处山的景色。(六)不带 to 的不定式的用法不定式除了与助动词(be going to, be to 等除外) 、情态动词(ought to, used to 等除外)连用时不带 to外,下面几种情况通常也不带 to:(1) 当两个或两个以上的不定式具有同等功能时,往往由 and,or,than 等连接,只用在第一个不定式前,第二个(之后的)不定

42、式可以省略 to。It is easier to praise people than criticize them.表扬人比批评人容易。注意:注意:但有时为了强调对比,可以在每个不定式之前重复 to。Im really puzzled what to think or to say.我真不知道该怎么想怎么说。(2)对照或对比之意时两个不定式如果有对照或对比之意时不可省略 toTo be or not to be that is the question.是生还是死,这是问题所在。I came not to scold but to praise you.我不是来骂你的而是来夸你的。(3)在

43、had better, had best, would rather than, rather than, would sooner, would sooner than, cannot but, cannot help but 等结构中后面不用 toHe would rather die than give in.他宁死不屈。I cannot but admire his courage.我不能不钦佩他的勇敢。(4)Why(not)后不能带 to 这种结构的肯定式表示不满或委婉的批评,否定句则表示指责。Why worry about such trifle? 为何为琐事烦心?Why not

44、think of something you can do.为什么不想个你能干的事呢?(5)在 feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch 等感官司动词后,have, make, let 等使役动词后作宾语补足语时,不定式不带 to。如:He notices a thief slip into the house. 他注意到一个小偷溜进了房子。(6)在动词 help 后,作宾语或宾语补足语时,to 可带可不带。如: Shall I help (you to )carry the box?我帮着(你)拿箱了好吗? Will you help me(to)mov

45、e the table?请帮我搬一下桌子好吗?(7)在某些介词后介词 except, but,besides 之后跟不定式作宾语时,如果介词前有动词 do 及其变化形式时,不定式省略 to。Ill do anything but help the boy with his lessons. 除了帮那孩子做功课外,我什么都干。 (省去)He wanted nothing except to stay here. 除了留在这里,他什么都不要。 (to 不可省去)What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳,你还爱好什么?(8)在“come(go)+不定式”结构

46、中,不定式一般省去 to,特别是在美国口语中更为常见。第一个动词表示“来”、 “去”这个动作,第二个动词表示“来”、 “去”的目的。Go fetch your notebook.去把你的日记本拿来。Come sit with me.来跟我坐在一起。( 9)在实义动词 dare 之后在实义动词 dare 之后作宾语的不定式,在否定句中有时也可省略 to。I dont dare(to)ask her.我不敢问她。He didnt dare(to)go.他不敢去(10) 某些固定搭配中 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育教学管理部-1/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides k

47、ids to own a brilliant future在 make believe, let go, hear tell(say), go hang 等固定搭配中不用 to。 Well have to make do with what we have now.我们要设法应付我们目前的情况。 He made believe he was innocent. 他假装清白。(11) 主语是 all 或者是 what 引导的从句,主语受 only, first, one, least 或形容词的最高级修饰,且主语从句中包含有 do 或其变形,不定式做表语,动词不定式常可省略 to。All you

48、 need to do now is have a good rest.现在你需要的是好好休息。What he did to the matter was keep silent.对此事他所做的就是保持缄默。(12)在“try(go,come,etc.)and”结构中,and 之后的不定式常常省去 to。Ill try and remember the matter.我一定记着那件事。I hope you will go and see the patient.我希望你去看看那个病人。Come and see us.请来看看我们。(12) 当主语是以动词 say 作谓语的定语从句所修饰的 al

49、l 时,作表语的不定式常常省略 to。如:All they said is hurry up, please. 他们只是说赶快。What he said is work hard.他只说要努力工作。Stage 4 typical examples1.Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. 【全国】 A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard D 该题考查非谓语动词的用法。据题意此处时表示

50、目的故选不定式;该题考查非谓语动词的用法。据题意此处时表示目的故选不定式;herself 和和 hear 的关系是被动的关系是被动 关系,故选关系,故选 heard。句意:海伦不得不喊得比音乐声大,想让大家听到她说话。句意:海伦不得不喊得比音乐声大,想让大家听到她说话。2. You were silly not _ you car. 【湖南卷】 A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having lockedB 该题是考查非谓语动词的用法。不定式的完成形式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生。因为该题是考查非谓语动词的用法。不定式的完成形式表示不定

51、式的动作在谓语动词之前发生。因为没锁车才傻。句意:你太傻了怎么没锁车。没锁车才傻。句意:你太傻了怎么没锁车。3. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _ ityouve got some big bills coming. 【广东卷】A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forgetA 该题考查动词形式的用法。该题考查动词形式的用法。better= had better 后接动词原形。句意:如果你打算这周花钱玩,你后接动词原形。句意:如果你打算这周花钱

52、玩,你最好别想了。你的一些大的账单要到。最好别想了。你的一些大的账单要到。4The news reporters hurried to the airport ,only_ the film stars had left. 【福建卷】Ato tell Bto be toldCtellingDtoldB 该题考查非谓语动词的用法。关键词该题考查非谓语动词的用法。关键词 only。only+不定式表示未预料到的结果,此时不定式表示未预料到的结果,此时 tell 和和reporter 是被动关系,故选是被动关系,故选 B。句意:新闻记者们匆匆忙忙地赶到机场,却被告知电影明星在已离。句意:新闻记者们匆

53、匆忙忙地赶到机场,却被告知电影明星在已离开。开。5I dont know whether you happen , but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September. 【辽宁卷】Ato be heard Bto be hearing Cto hear Dto have heardD 该题考查非谓语动词的形式。从句意分析强调该题考查非谓语动词的形式。从句意分析强调 hear 的动作在的动作在 know 之前发生,之前发生,you 和和 hear 的关的关系是主动关系,因此选择系是主动关系,因此选择 D。句意。句意:我不知道你是否已经听说了,我今

54、年九月要去美国学习。我不知道你是否已经听说了,我今年九月要去美国学习。6. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 【上海卷】A. causing B. being caused C. to be causedC 考查非谓语动词的用法。考查非谓语动词的用法。 “名词名词+ be+ believed (said,reported)+不定式不定式”相当于相当于“Its believed(said, 安博教育网址:http:/ 安博教育

55、教学管理部-1/13-安博京翰教育 成就孩子未来 Ambow guides kids to own a brilliant futurereported) that”,可以看作一个句型。可以看作一个句型。flu 与与 cause 之间是一种动宾关系,所以应该用动词不定式的被动之间是一种动宾关系,所以应该用动词不定式的被动形式,因此,形式,因此,C 正确。句意:流感被认为是由在人类鼻腔和喉腔细胞内繁殖的病毒引起的。正确。句意:流感被认为是由在人类鼻腔和喉腔细胞内繁殖的病毒引起的。7.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my wri

56、ting skills.【北京】A.for me takingB. me takingC.for me to take D. me to takeD 该题考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。该题考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。encourage sb. to do sth.为习惯用语,意为:鼓励某人做某事。为习惯用语,意为:鼓励某人做某事。 句意:我的导师鼓励我去上暑期班来提高写作技能。句意:我的导师鼓励我去上暑期班来提高写作技能。Stage 5 Homework1 背诵课文第四背诵课文第四 REDAING 部分第一二段部分第一二段2. 背诵高考单词表背诵高考单词表 p50-p703.单选单选1. T

57、he teacher told them _ make so much noise. A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to 2. Our master often told us _ things for granted. A. not to have B. not to take C. didnt take D. not to make 3. Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 4. The boy wanted to ride hi

58、s bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 5. Mrs Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 6. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eati

59、ng not C. not to eat D. not eating 7. The workers want us _ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 8. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 9. I saw him _ out of the room. A. go B. had gone C. has gone

60、 D. goes 10. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 11. Ive heard him _ about you often. A. spoke B. speaks C. speak 12. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _by his little sister. A. cry;to cry B. crying;c

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