外贸英语---新冠肺炎疫情常用英语及表达

1、外贸英语一新冠肺炎疫情常用英语及表达疫病名称coronavirus新型冠状病毒COVID-192019冠状病毒病SARS-CoV-2严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2pneumonia肺炎NCP（Novelcoronaviruspneumonia）新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎英文简称）严重急性呼吸综合征（非典）严重急性呼吸道感染急性呼吸窘迫综合征中东呼吸综合征severeacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)severeacuterespiratoryinfection(SARI)acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome(ARDS)MiddleEastre

2、spiratorysyndrome(MERS)传染防控PublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern(PHEIC)国际关注的突发公共卫生事件pandemic全球大流行COVID-19pandemic冠状病毒病全球大流行outbreak疫情大爆发Coronavirusoutbreak冠状病毒病爆发epicenter疫情中心human-to-humantransmission或person-to-persontransmission人传人vaccine疫苗affectedarea疫区quarantine隔离(underquarantine或者someonei

3、squarantined)incubationperiod潜伏期Coronaviruscanliedormantfor14days新型冠状病毒肺炎有14天的潜伏期confirmedcase确诊病例suspectedcase疑似病例patientincriticalcondition重症患者closecontact密切接触者beundermedicalobservation接受医院观察droplettransmission飞沫传播fatalityrate病死率deathtoll死亡总数epidemicpreventionandcontrol疫情防控importedcase输入性病例seconda

4、ryinfectioncase二代病例asymptomaticinfection隐性感染clinicaltests临床检验isolationward隔离病房observationward观察室fecal-oraltransmission粪口传播防疫preventionandcontrolofthevirusdirectcontact直接接触indirectcontact间接接触监测体温tomonitorbodytemperaturetocheckbodytemperature体温检测toquarantineyourselfinyourhome/self-monitoredquarantinet

5、owearamask戴口罩towashyourhandsoften/carefully勤洗手/仔名田洗手disinfection7肖毒avoidcrowds避免去人多的地方器具名称facemask/facialmask/facemask/mask口罩N95mask/respiratorN95口罩surgicalmask医用外科口罩disposablegloves一次性手套protectiveclothing/suits防护月艮goggles护目镜infraredthermometer红外体温测量仪thermalimagingcamerafortemperaturemonitoring体温检测热

6、像仪diagnostictool/kit诊断器具disinfectant/antisepticsolution消毒液disinfectant/antisepticwipes消毒湿巾alcohol-basedhandrub/sanitizer含酒精洗手液自我隔离protectivesuit防护月艮negativepressureambulance负压救护车medicalsupplies医疗物资urgentlyneededmaterials紧缺物资政策举措thelockdownofacity/acityisonlockdown封城first-levelpublichealthemergencyre

7、sponse重大突发公共卫生事件级响应PublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern（PHEIC国际关注的突发公共卫生事件shortageofmedicalsupplies医疗物资紧缺dailynecessities日常基本生活物资cross-borderprocurement跨境采购tostockuponfood囤积食物机构、职业群体和场所名称WHO（WorldHealthOrganization）世界卫生组织（世卫组织）LeadingGroupoftheCPCCentralCommitteeforNovelCoronavirusPreventiona

8、ndControl中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组（中央应对疫情工作领导小组）NationalHealthCommission（NHC中国国家卫生健康委员会（卫健委）ChineseCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention（ChinaCDC）中国疾病预防控制中心（中国疾控中心）NationalHealthcareSecurityAdministration（NHSA）国家医疗保障局（国家医保局）medicalinstitution医疗机构healthinstitution卫生机构医疗从业者医疗人员medicalpractitioner/healthca

9、reprofessionalmedicalpersonnel/healthworkforce/healthworkersfrontlinehealthworkers一线医护人员ZhongNanshan,aprominentChineseexpertinrespiratorydiseases(andaheroofthe2003fightagainstSARS)钟南山designatedhospitals定点医院feverclinic发热门诊intensivecareunit(ICU)重症监护病房quarantineoffice检疫所pharmacy/drugstore药店其他表述遏制要表达“遏制

10、”(疫情传播)可以用contain、stem、halt和curb:Weareconfidentinourabilitytocontainthespreadofthevirus.Inanefforttostemthespreadofthevirusfromitssuspectedorigin,transportbanswereinstitutedinsomecities.Peopleareencouragedtowearmaskstohaltthespreadofthenovelcoronavirus.TheGovernmentonMonday(Jan27)announcedaslewoffur

11、thermeasurestourbthespreadoftheWuhancoronavirusintheRepublic.延长假期/延期开学Schoolreturnwaspostponed.ChinahasextendedtheLunarNewYearholidayuntilSunday;onTuesdayitwasannouncedthatthestartofthenextsemesterforschoolsanduniversitiesacrossthecountrywouldbepostponed.表示“传播”的词有spread、transmit、pass1. spread、transm

12、it和pass都可作为不及物动词Manyoftherespiratoryvirusesthatspreadamongsthumansdotransmitevenintheabsenceofsymptoms,includinginfluenzaandothercoldviruses.Theyarecarriedintotheairduringnormalbreathingandtalkingbytheinfectedperson.Itisknownthatthisviruscanpassfromonetoanotherthroughclosephysicalcontact.2. spread、t

13、ransmit和pass也都可作为及物动词Otherrespiratoryinfectionssuchasmeaslesandinfluenzacanbothbespread,withouttheinfectedpersonshowingsymptoms.Coronavirusesarezoonotic,whichmeanstheyaretransmittedbetweenanimalsandpeople.Moreandmoreevidencesuggeststhatitcanbepassedbydropletsthatspreadfacetofacebyacoughorsneezedirec

14、tlyonthefacefromonetoanotheraswasSARS.3. spread可以加上ing变成名词Ifsymptomlessspreadingisconfirmed,itwouldnotbetoosurprising.4. spread本身也可以作为名词使用WHODirector-GeneralisconfidentinChina'sabilitytocontrolandcontainthespreadofthevirus.5. 有时我们也可以用其他词来形象的表达，比如：jump。Thecoronavirusisazoonoticdisease,meaningitju

15、mpsfromanimalstohumans.endemicvsepidemicvspandemicendemic、epidemic和pandemic是流行病学里的三个常见的概念，它们是outbreak的三种类型，我们可以从持续时间和影响范围这两个方面来区别。持续时间endemic持续时间较长，比较稳定，不会突然消失，表现其特点的英文表达有：occursatapredictablerate、remainatasteadystate。epidemic和pandemic一样，持续时间较短，起病快、传播迅速，但又突然消失，相关的英文表达有：rapidlyspread、normallyspreadintwoweeksorless。影响范围ende