英语专业四级语法重点汇总

1、English英语专八专四学习复习资料英语专四语法重点汇总版权所有，违者必究，未经协议授权，禁止下载使用。注：如恶意泄漏该资料，或通过该资料作为任何盈利的手段，作者有权追究其法律责任。本资料为过来人的考试经验所整理，也需结合其他复习书籍一起备考哦这份资料集结历年专四的考试重点，按考试经验已经过筛选一、非谓语动词的主要考点1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的，但是在意思上是有区别的，主要常考到的动词罗列如下：meantodo想要（做某事）VSmeandoing意味（做某事）proposetodo打算（做某事）VSproposedoing建议（做某事）forgettodo忘记（要

2、做的事）VSforgetdoing忘记（已做的事）remembertodo记得（要做某事）VSrememberdoing记得（做过）goontodo继而（做另一件事）VSgoondoing继续（做原来的事）stoptodo停下来去做另一件事VSstopdoing停止正在做的事regrettodo（对将要做的事）遗憾VSregretdoing（对已做过的事）后悔2. 不定式的习惯用法典型句型整理如下：如：“cannothelpbutdo”“不得不做某事”如：“cannotbutdo”“不禁做某事”如：“cannotchoosebutdo"“不由自主地做某事”如：“candonothin

3、gbutdo”“不能不做某事”女口：“havenochoicebuttodo”“只能做某事”只能做某事女口：“havenoalternativebuttodo”例句：Theboycannothelpbutbegreatlyinfluencedbytheusefulinstructiongivenbyhisfamilytutor.WhenIstartmyjobcareer,IcannotchoosebutlookbackuponthebeautifuldaysIspentoncampus.3. 动名词的习惯用法典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下：如：bebusy/activedoingsth.如：

4、It'snogood/usedoingsth.如：spend/wastetimedoingsth.如：havedifficulty/trouble/problemdoingsth.如：haveagood/great/wonderfultimedoingsth.如：Thereisnopoint/sense/harm/usedoingsth.例句：Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(典型例句)牛奶洒了，哭也没用；后悔是没有用的；覆水难受IreallyhaveproblemsolvingthesemathematicquestionssinceIamnotmaj

5、orinscienceafterall.二、形容词与副词及其比较级1. 形容词的句法功能形容词通常在句子中用做定语、表语与主语的语法成分，通常考到的知识点总结如下：(1) 以“a”开头的形容词如“alone”、“alike”、“asleep'、"awake”等一般不能做前置定语,通常是做表语或后置定语的例句：Jerrydidn'tpasstheimportantfinalexam,pleaselethimaloneforthetimebeing.Michaelcamebackfromjobjustnow,andhiseyeswereshutandheseemedtoh

6、avefallenasleep.(2) 某些以副词词缀“-ly”结尾的词其实是形容词，不能看错是副词，例如“friendly”、“leisurely”、“lovely”等(3) 下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语这些典型单词罗列如下：a”remain”a-”、“keep”、a-”“丄”“become”、“get”、a”a”“grow”、“go”、a”come”at”、“turn”、“丄”at-”“stay”、“stand”、a”a”“run”、“prove”、a”seem”、a”“appear”、“look”等例句：Thesituationremainstens

7、ebetweenthetwocountriesatthisjuncture.在这个节骨眼上，两国形势仍然持续紧张。Thereisstrongpossibilitythatsuchastyleofmutualcooperationwillproveunworkable.这种合作模式大有可能行不通。2. 某些词虽然不用比较级形式却自身带有比较概念这些典型词汇总结如下：“丄”“”a”“”a丄丄”“inferior”、“minor”、“senior”、“prior”、“preferto”、“力“力“力“rII“Irrr力“superior”、“major”、“junior”、“preferable”、

8、“differfrom”、“comparedwith”、“incomparisonwith”、“differentfrom”、“ratherthan”等例句：Aftervisitingatweekends,Ithinktheirvillaissuperiortoalltheothervillasinthecountryside.3. 有关比较级的特殊句型(1) notsomuchas与其说还不如说例句：Themajorreasonforhissuicideisn'somuchhisnegativeemotionsashisincapacitytotakecareofhimself.(2

9、) no/notanymorethan两者一样都不例句：Itiswellacknowledgedbythepublicthattheheartisnoanymoreintelligentthanthestomach,fortheyarebothcontrolledbythebrainaltogether.(3) no/notanylessthan两者一样都例句：IwasgoodatalmostallsubjectswhenIwasinthejuniorhighschool,andparticularlyspeaking,mathematicswasnoanylessgoodthanphysic

10、satthattime.justasso正如，也(会使用到倒装结构)例如：Justaschocolateisapartofmyfavoritefood,soistheicecream.三、虚拟语气简明概述：虚拟语气是指说话人讲话的内容与现实或事实相反，是一种主观假想的情况。时态：可表示过去、现在和将来，特征是时态相应退后。1.与现在事实相反的主观假设：条件从句主句般现在时改为般过去时should/would/could/might+动注：be动词一律改为were词原形例句：IftherewereanEnglishdictionary,wecouldconsuititforthisdifficu

11、ltword.Ifmybiggerbrotherwerehere,hewoulddousafavortomovetheheavybox.2.与过去事实相反的主观假设：条件从句主句一般过去时改为过去完成时should/would/could/might+have+过去分词例句：Ifhehadstudiedmorediligently,hewouldhavepassedtheexamundoubtedly.Ifmyfavoriteteacherhadbeenhereyesterday,Iwouldhavepaidmoreattentiontothelesson.Ifthechildhadbeenm

12、orecareful,hewouldnothavemadesuchafoolishmistake.3.与将来事实相反的主观假设:条件从句主句一般过去时注：be动词一律改为wereshould/would/could/might+动词原形were+todosthshould+动词原形例句：Ifyoumadegreatprogressinthenearfuture,youshouldnotforgetyourteachers.Ifyouweretomakegreatprogressinthenearfuture,youshouldnotforgetyourteachers.Ifyoushouldm

13、akegreatprogressinthenearfuture,youshouldbegratefultoyourteachers.混合条件句：主句和条件从句所发生的时间点不一致，这个时候就需要根据各自的时态进行倒退来做相应修改。例句：Ifyouhadfinishedyourhomeworkbyyourselfyesterday（过去）,youwouldnotcopyother'sanswersinahurry（现在）Ifyouhadaskedyourmotherhowtocooklastweek（过去）,youwouldknowclearlyeachcookingstepofthed

14、ish（现在）虚拟语气的倒装如果从句中有were，should,had，则需要倒装。倒装方法：将if省略，再把were，should,had挪到从句的句首。注：如果从句中没有were，should,had，则不能省略if，也不可倒装。例句：原句：Ifmybiggerbrotherwerehere,hewouldhelpustomovetheheavybox.倒装：Weremybiggerbrotherhere,hewouldhelpustomovetheheavybox.原句：Ifthechildhadbeenmorecareful,hewouldnothavemadesuchafoolish

15、mistake.倒装：Hadthechildbeenmorecareful,hewouldnothavemadesuchafoolishmistake.原句：Ifyoushouldmakegreatprogressinthenearfuture,youshouldbegratefultoyourteachers.倒装：Shouldyoumakegreatprogressinthenearfuture,youshouldbegratefultoyourteachers.虚拟语气词：should很简单，三种形式（1）Itissuggested/requested/ordered,etc.具有命令，

16、建议，要求等口吻的动词过去分词）+thatsbshould（should可省略）do（动词原形）sth.注：这类动词还可以有其他三种从句形式来代替。例如：原句：Itissuggestedthatstudents（should）usedictionaryinexam.宾语从句：Isuggestthatstudents（should）usedictionaryinexam.表语从句：Mysuggestionisthatstudents（should）usedictionaryinexam.同位语从句：Iprovidedasuggestionthatstudents（should）usedictio

17、naryinexam.（2）Itisnecessary/important/indispensable,etc.（带有主观色彩的形容词）+thatsb（should）dosth.（3）Itisapity/ashame,etc.（名词性词组）+thatsb（should）dosth.虚拟语气特殊句型：Itishigh（high可省略）timethat该是的时候了“that”从句动词可以用(1)过去时(2)should(不能省略)+动词原形例句：Itis(high)timethatweshoulddrawupacontract.Itis(high)timethatwedrewupacontract

18、.(草拟合同)含蓄虚拟语气除了常规的连词if以外，还可以借助其他介词、介词词组、句子来引导虚拟语气从句。1. Without“要是没有”例句：Withouttherescueoffirefighterstimely,ourliveswouldnothavebeensaved.2. Butfor“要不是”例句：Butforyourprofessionalhelp,Icouldnothaveachievedsuchabigprogressinmedicalcommunity.3. Under“在某种情况下”例句：Undersuchcircumstances,thecriminalwouldnoth

19、aveperpetratedactsofviolenceuponchildren.4. With“有的前提下”例句：Withthedatacollectedonemonthearlier,wecouldfinishtheprojectmoreefficiently.5. Intheabsenceof“如果没有”例句：Intheabsenceoflaw,womenwouldcontinuetolacktheirrightstovoteontheirown.6. Otherwise“否则”例句：Wedidn'knowhiseducationalbackgroundandachievemen

20、tinthisfield,otherwisewewouldhavefiredhim.7. Ifitwerenotfor“要不是（用于现在的情况）”例句：IfitwerenotforthebrilliantguidanceoftheCommunistPartyofChina,wecouldnotleadahappylife.8. Ifithadnotbeenfor“要不是（用于过去/已经发生的情况）”例句：Ifithadnotbeenformyillness,IwouldhaveattendedthisimportantmeetinglastMonday.倒装：Haditnotbeenformy

21、illness,IwouldhaveattendedthisimportantmeetinglastMonday.9. asif/asthough.“好像似的”按照具体的语境，既可以用虚拟语气（表示与实际情况相反、主观臆断）、也可以用陈述语气（表示实现的可能性较大或所说情况即是事实）例句：Timecantakeawayourhappinessandsadnessasif/thoughitwasendowedwithmagicpower.（与现在事实相反的虚拟语气）Myteacherhascontributedherselfalotasif/thoughshewasacandle,whichli

22、ghtsothersandconsumesitself.（与现在事实相反的虚拟语气）Thestudentstudiedindustriouslyasif/thoughhehadneverfelttiredandexhausted.（与过去事实相反的虚拟语气）Theboystillstayscalmasif/thoughhehasknownthebeginningandtheendofthematteralready.（就是事实，按实际的时态即可）四、定语从句简明概述：定语从句在句中充当定语的角色，修饰句中前面所提到的名/代词。被修饰的名/代词称为先行词。关系代词（who,whom,whose,

23、which,that:注：没有what关系代词所代替的主要是人或物的名/代词，在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。who,whom,that都可代替人例句：Istheboywho/thatcheatedintheexamination?（who/that作为从句主语，代替theboy）Heisthemanwhom/thatwewon'recruitduetohiscriminalrecords.（who/that作为从句宾语，代替theman）whose可指代人或物注：如果whose指物的话，也可以用ofwhich来代替。例句：Ourconversationwasstoppedbyama

24、nwhosehairisbionde.Ilenthimthisbookwhosepagescurledupduetomyconstantuse.=Ilenthimthisbookthepagesofwhichcurledupduetomyconstantuse.which,that代替事物例句：We'llneverforgettheatrociousviolencewhich/thatwascommittedbyJapanesesoldiers.Isthatfashionshow(which/that)youweretalkingaboutjustnow?(作宾语时可省)关系畐词(wh

25、en,where,why)：关系副词分别代替的先行词为时间、地点和原因，在从句中充当状语的角色。注：when,where,why也可用“介词+which”来代替。例句：Thiswasthemomentwhen/atwhichthetwosidesreachedadeadlockagainandterminatedtheirnegotiation.Xi'nisoneofthemostfamousculturalcitieswhere/inwhichmillionsofworldwidetouristswillchoosetomakeatour.Isthisthereasonwhy/for

26、whichthereisasevereshortageoffundsforourresearch?注：that是可以代替关系副词的，即that可取代“when,where,why”和“介词+which”的形式。(在口语中that可省略)注：介词后面的关系词不能省略，而且that前不能有介词例句转换：Thiswasthemomentthatthetwosidesreachedadeadlockagainandterminatedtheirnegotiation.Xi'nisoneofthemostfamousculturalcitiesthatmillionsofworldwidetou

27、ristswillchoosetomakeatour.Isthisthereasonthatthereisasevereshortageoffundsforourresearch?限制性/非限制性定语从句重点概括整理：限制性定语从先行词是不能省略的，因为省了先行词的话，句子的意思就会变得不完整和不明确，缺少必要的说明解释。而非限制性定语从句是先行词的额外说明，是可以省略的，省了也不会影响句子的意思和整体性，并且与主句之间常用“，”隔开。比较例句：Thisisthebook（which/that）Iboughtyesterday.（限制性）Thisbook,Iboughtyesterday,is

28、veryinspiring.（非限制性）通常是非限制性定语从句的情况分析：StevenSpielberg,（whom）IadmireverymuchinHollywoodmovie-makingfield,wonanotherOscarAwardthisyear.（专有名词/人名）Mybeloveddog,（which）Ibought5yearsago,hascaughtabadcoldrecently.（有物主代词的时候）Thisexperiment,whichwasconductedlastweekends,provestobeabigsuccess.（有指示代词的时候）Herchildw

29、asalwaysabsent-mindedinlearningandfailedinexams,whichmadeherdisappointedonceagain.（由which代替整句主句）关系代词that的特殊用法总结（只能用that的情况）：先行词既包含人又包含物，只用that，不用which例句：Thevolunteersweretalkingaboutthenonprofitorganizationanditsstaffthatmadeanindelibleimpressiononthem.当不定代词作为先行词（女口anyone，anything，nothing，any，everyt

30、hing，something,little，few，much，all等），只用that，不用which例句：Hesharedeverythingwithusthatarousedhisinterestinchemistryatschool.先行词用theonly/very修饰时，只用that，不用which例句：Thegirlistheonlystudentthatwillblushwithshynesswhentalkingwithboys.先行词是序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that，不用which例句：ThefirstEnglishawardthatIwonwasanEnglish

31、debatecompetitionheldbyForeignLanguagesInstituteatmyuniversity.Thiswasthebusiestperiodthatwespentlastyearinproject-consultingandresearchindustry.在Therebe句型中，只用that，不用which例句：Therewasashipthatpassedthroughastrait.五、名词性从句简明概述：名词性从句在句中相当于名词词组/成分。由于它在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此名词性从句（总称）又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同

32、位语从句等。引导名词性从句的连接词重点概括如下：1.连接词：that,whether,if（只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不作任何成分）注：that-从句作主语时，常用it作1.Itisnecessary(a.)that先行词放在句首作为形式主语，而将that-从句放在句末，避免头重脚轻。2.Itisknown-ed分词that3.Itisapity(n.)that4.Itseems(vi.)that2. 连接代词：what(whatever),who(whoever),whom,whose,which(whichever)3. 连接畐【J词：when,where,why,how注：连接代

33、词和连接副词作主语时，也常用it作先行词放在句首作为形式主语。例句：Itisdoubtfulwhyhisparentsaredeterminedsopersistentlytosendtheyoungboyabroadforfurtherstudy.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhowilltaketheresponsibilitytonegotiatewiththegovernment.注(1)：引导主语从句的连接词不可省略例句：ThatthecandidatewasselectedasthePartyChairmanmadeusexcited.注(2)：引导同位语从句的连接

34、词不可省略例句：Weworriedabouttheforecastthattherewouldbeonlyafewaffordableapartmentspreparedforblue-collarworkersintier-onecities(一线城市)inthefollowingthreeyears.注(3)：表示“是否”的时候，只用whether不用if的情况1.后有“ornot”例句：Itisunknowntoallwhetherthenewpolicycanimprovethestandardofpeople'slivesornot.2. 引导表语从句例句：Thekeynot

35、eiswhetherchildren'safetycanbeguaranteed.3. 引导主语从句并在句首例句：Whethertheexperimentcouldbeconducted(ornot)remainedunknowntothestudents.4作介词宾语例句：Thechildisfearfulofwhetheranotherwarwillbreakoutatanymoment.六、倒装简明概述：倒装句由全部倒装和部分倒装组成。全部倒装是把句中的谓语部分全部挪到主语前面，时态通常是一般现在时和一般过去时；部分倒装则是将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词倒装于主语之前。如果谓

36、语没有助动词或情态动词，则需要我们帮助补充助动词，如do，does，did，并将它们放在主语的前面。全部倒装(时态通常是一般现在时和一般过去时)：A. 句中如有畐【J词here,there,now,then,away,hence,thus,etc.位于句首，谓语动词为come,go,be,stand,fall,lie,etc.典型例句：Awayranthechild.Therelivesatiger.Hereisyourmoney.B. 表示方位/运动方向的副词(如in,out,away,off,up,down,etc.)位于句首，谓语表示运动的动词(女口come,go,jump,run,sw

37、im,stand,rush,etc）。例句：Awayswamawhale.C. 地点状语位于句首例句：Underthetreerestedanoldlady.D. Therebe句型例句：Thereis（注意主谓一致）aradio,twotelevisionsetsandtenchairsinthisroom.TherearemanyTVprogramsinprimetime（黄金时间段）.注：全部倒装只有在主语是名词的前提下才能全部倒装，如果主语是人称代词则不能全部倒装。对比例句：Awayranthechild.Awayheran.Therelivesatiger.Thereitlives.

38、部分倒装：A.句首有否定或半否定的词语（注：如果否定词不在句首，则不需要倒装），Eg:No,Not,None,Nobody,Nowhere,Never,Little,Few,Seldom,Hardly,Atnotime,Innoway,Notuntil,Notonlybutalso,Hardlywhen,Scarcelywhen,Nosoonerthan,etc.例句：Nowherecanyoufindaplacebetterthanyourhome.Innowaycouldyoudestroytheincontrovertibleevidenee.Atnotimecanacountryuse

39、forcetowardsavulnerablegroup.NeverhaveIscoldedmychildevenifhehasmadeanymistakes.重点：Notuntil总结：主句倒装，从句不倒装；否定词不在句首不需倒装例句对比：Notuntilthattime（名词短语）didIknowwhyshechosetoleavemewithoutanyhesitation.=Ididn'tknowwhyshechosetoleavemewithoutanyhesitationuntilthattime.Notuntilthechildmadeafullrecoveryfromt

40、heheartoperation（从句）didhisfathergoabroadonbusiness.=Thefatherdidn'tgoabroadonbusinessuntilthechildmadeafullrecoveryfromtheheartoperation.重点：Notonlybutalso1.NotonlyAbutalsoB，若A和B是名词性短语，则不需要倒装例句：Notonlystudentsbutalsoteachersshouldkeepstudyingcontinuouslyandabsorbnewknowledgetobroadentheirminds.2.

41、NotonlyAbutalsoB，若A和B都是分句的话，贝UA倒装，B不倒装。对比例句：Notonlyshouldwereconstructeconomy,butalsocreatemorepositionsfortheunemployed.Weshouldnotonlyreconstructeconomy,butalsocreatemorepositionsfortheunemployed.重点：Hardlywhen;Scarcelywhen;Nosoonerthan对比例句（注意时态：前过完后过去时）：HardlyhadIlefthomewhenmydogbarked.Ihadhardly

42、lefthomewhenmydogbarked.Scarcelyhadwegoneoutoftheclassroomwhenitbegantorain.Wehadscarcelygoneoutoftheclassroomwhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadtheChairmandeclaredtheresultofthecontestthanthecontestantshiveredwithexcitement.TheChairmanhadnosoonerdeclaredtheresultofthecontestthanthecontestantshiveredwithe

43、xcitement.B. Only位于句首要部分倒装1.Onlybythismeans/inthisway（短语）canyounoticetheimportanceofefficientstudymethods.2.Onlyaftermakingthesamemistaketwice（从句）willhelearnalesson.（主句部分倒装，从句不倒装）C. Sothat句型中若so位于句首，则需要部分倒装例句：Soangrywastheboythathedecidedtobreakofffriendlyrelationswithhisfriends（断绝友谊）.D. May在表示祝愿的句子

44、中位于句首，要部分倒装例句：MayGodblessyou!MaythistransportationhandbookhelpyoutotravelinSingapore.E. 虚拟语气的倒装如果从句中有were,should,had,就需要部分倒装。将if省略，再把were,should,had挪到从句的句首。（虚拟语气中已经讲明）七、主谓一致简明概述：主谓一致即主语与谓语在语法单复数形式上保持一致。本章节重点罗列了英语专四考试中经常会考到且常出现的几种情况以供大家参考、复习。以“s”结尾的书名、杂志名、国家名、组织名，虽然字面上是“复数”形式，但其实只能作为一个独立的个/整体。所以作主语时，

45、谓语动词要为单数。典型例句：TheUnitedStateshas50states.TheForbes（福布斯杂志）wasfoundedin1917.TheUnitedNationshastakenstepstoamelioratethissituation.并列结构作主语例句对比：Studyingandworkingarebothindispensableandshouldbebalancedevenly.（当A和B分别指两个不同概念的时候,谓语要用复数）Thediplomatanduniversityprofessorhastaughtmealot.（当A和B由and连接,A前有“the”,

46、B前却无定冠词时,两者表示指代的为同一人或事物,谓语需用单数）就近原则：Therebe“Therebe”中“be”的单复数取决于最靠近它的名词。比较例句：Therearetwotables,onechairleftinthatclassroom.Thereisonechairandtwotablesleftinthatclassroom.ThereisoneortwothingsI'dliketosharewithyounow.就近原则：eitheror;neithernor;AorB;连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数由最靠近它的主语决定对比例句：Eitheryouorthatboyi

47、stobepunished.Neitherthatboynoryouaretobepunished.就近原贝V：notonlybutalso对比例句：Notonlyyoubutalsothatgirlwantsthetoy.NotonlyyoubutalsoIamkeenonjazzmusic.就近原则：Here对比例句：Hereisonepenandtwodrawingsonthedesk.Herearetwodrawingsandonepenonthedesk.就近原则：notbut“不是而是”例句：Notthesubjectteacherbutthecolorfultextbookswh

48、etmyappetiteformorestudy.谓语单数：noneof+可数名词/不可数名词+V单neitherof+可数名词/不可数名词+V单eitherof+可数名词/不可数名词+V单注：在口语中有时上述三种情况也可以用V复（但只是在后跟可数名词的时候），但是考点大部分是以考查V单为重点总结：noneof+可数名词+V单/复neitherof+可数名词+V单/复eitherof+可数名词+V单/复例句：Noneofriceistobewasted.Neitherofthetwohotelsboasts/boastaswimmingpool.Eitherofyoutakes/takethe

49、responsibilitytocleantheoven.就远原则：with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,except,but,morethan,nolessthan,aswellas,inadditionto,asmuchas,ratherthan,etc.例句：Herbodyexceptherfeethasbeenrecoveredfromtheaccident.Thetwoboysratherthanthatgirlweregivinganinstrumentalperformancejustnow.Agoodattitudetogetherwithsuper

50、iorEnglish-speakingskillsleadstothesuccessofthecompetition.Experiencedhealth-careprofessionalsinadditiontostate-of-the-artfacilitiesguaranteethehighqualityofthehospital.谓语单数：主语由every,each,some,no,any,noone,one,thin等构成的复合代词例句：Eachofusenjoysthefashionshow.Hefeltthatsomethingstrangewasleaningtowardshim

51、.谓语单数：表示距离，金钱，时间，度量的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看做一个整体，因此谓语要用单数形式例句：Anothertwohoursisenoughtogetfullypreparedforthecontest.Twocentimeterswaspermittedforaverageerrorofmanufacturingthiskindofmachineinancienttimes.看具体情况而定：如果名词单复数同型，就要根据语境中的实际意义及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式。这些词如：aircraft,species,series,deer,fish,sheep,headquart

52、ers,means,etc.例句：Manypossiblemeanshavebeentriedtosettlethedispute.Eachaircraftisequippedwiththemostadvancedtechnology（.根据所修饰的词each来判断）Sheepareraisedfortheirwoolandmeat.（按语境中的含义）看具体情况而定：some,all,most,any,half,enough,therest,theremainder,etc.和疑问代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whichever,etc.的谓语单复数由其指

53、代的词的含义来决定。例句：Whoareshoutingthere?Whateverwasthematter?Sixstudentswentabroadforfurthereducationfromthekeyhighschool,butmostarejuniorstudents.Riceflourisoneoftheingredientstomakethecakeandmostischeap.看具体情况而定：集合名词的谓语单复数要根据所代表的含义来决定。这些词有：family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee,army,club,coupl

54、e,enemy,group,government,jury,party,personnel,staff,team,union,etc.当它们表示一个整体的概念时，谓语用单数形式；当表示集体中的每一个成员时，谓语则用复数形式。例句：Herfamilyarehappytohelpothers.（她家庭中的每一个成员）Thejuryismadeupoftwelvepeople.（陪审团作为一个整体的概念）谓语复数：集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry,folk,youth在任何情况下都用复数形式。例句：Thepoliceareontheseene（在现场）Peoplele

55、adasafeandhappylifeinCanadaduetosoundlawandorder.谓语单数：thenumberof+名词复数+V单anamountof+不可数名词+V单aquantityof+不可数名词+V单谓语复数：anumberof+名词复数+V复amountsof+不可数名词+V复quantitiesof+不可数名词+V复就近原则：halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof等词的谓语单复数通常与of后面的名/代词保持一致。例句：Aportionofseafoodwasreservedforhim.Mostofteenagerstendtospendmo

56、neylikewater.Partofhertimeispreparedfortakingcareofherchildren.谓语单数：Manya+名词单数+V单例句：Manyapageofthedictionaryhascurledupfromconstantandneglectfuluse.谓语单数：Morethanone+名词单数+V单例句：Thereismorethanoneoil-producingcountrythreateningtocutoffsuppliestoJapan.Morethanonechapterisbroughttoourattentionwhenitcomes

57、toAfricanliterature.谓语复数：以“S”结尾表示群岛，瀑布，山脉等专有名词的谓语要用复数形式。例句：TheAlps（阿尔卑斯山脉）provideaperfectseenery.谓语复数：在表示姓氏的专有名词前加the，词尾加-s，表示一家人时，谓语要用复数例句：TheSmithsareveryniceandwilltakecareofmydogwhenIspendmyholidaysinforeigncountries.谓语单数：以“-ics”结尾的表示学科或疾病的名词作主语时，谓语要用单数。这些词如：linguistics,politics,mathematics,stat