高中英语选修七unit5重点词汇短语讲解学案及练习含解析

1、动词辨析，名词辨析，动词短语辨析适用学科英语适用年级高中二年级适用区域陕西西安课时时长（分钟）60知识点非限定性定语从句，名词辨析，动词辨析，动词短语辨析教学目标掌握选修七unit 5重点词汇，短语，句型。同时，训练阅读理解能力和综 合语言能力。教学重点掌握选修七unit5 重点词汇，短语，句型。同时，训练阅读理解能力和综 合语言能力。教学难点训练阅读理解能力和综合语言能力。教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节内容，并引入本节课程内容二、知识讲解本节课主要知识点解析，中高考考点、易错点分析考点/易错点1重点词汇1. kind :"this/that kind/sort/type

2、of +单数或复数名词”做主语时，其谓语动词一般用单数形式，而在比较正式的用语中，复数名词可放在前面，即：单/复数名词+of+this/kind,这时谓语动词由名词的数来决定，因为此时名词已成为中心词。This kind of questions is very difficult to answer.=Questions of this kind are very difficult to answer.That kind of shoes is fashionable.= Shoes of that kind are fashionable.表示数量的短语：a great deal of/

3、 an amount of "大量的"，后加不可数名词a good /great many a number of"大量的"只修饰可数名词a lot of/ plenty of/ a quantity of许多/ the rest"剩余的"II即可修饰可数名词也可修布不可数名词。Quantities of food were supplied to the area of being flooded.A large quantity of beer has been sold.2. by (1) 在近处(位置)He would sta

4、nd by the window for a few hours.(2)(示移动方向)沿，经，由，从旁边经过 I passed by me without noticing me.I go the house every day.(3)不迟于，在以前Will you finish the task by tomorrow By this time tomorrow he will be here.(4) (表示方法、手段) 由，靠，通过 They intended to leave by the first train.(5) 相差(数目或程度) His horse won by a nois

5、e.以仅有的一点优势I was late by ten minutes.(6) 表示大小，次第，逐一 The students entered 2 by 2 . Time went by littleby little.(7)(表示关系)就 来说 Heis an Englishman by birth. Sheis a doctor by profession.职业医生相关短语 by doing sth通过做某事(来达到目的) little by little一点一点，逐渐地，慢慢地by the time至 U那时为止 by air/sea/land/car/bus/bike/plane乘一

6、by means of用，依靠by the way 顺便问一下 by the hour/the week/the year 以小时、周、年来记报酬 call sb by name叫某人的名字know sb by name知道某人的名字by far得多，最一day by day日复日 by oneself 独自 by hand 用手 by mistake 弄错3 adjust (1)调节/调整(使适合)I must adjust my watch; it ' s slow. Your collar need adjusting.整理(2) 使适应 / 适应 It took her qui

7、te a long time to adjust to living alone in aforeign country.近义词： adapt to其中to是介词，后接v-ing形式(即to doing 现象)类似的短语： devote to /be devoted to , make contributions to , be/get used to ,be accustomed to , look forward to, pay attention to, get down to , lead to, stickto , object to, in addition to , on the

8、 way to , turn to, belong to , reply to,see to ( 负责，照看)等4 experience(1) ( U) 经验 Mike is a man of much/ rich experience.Mr Black , a friend of my father ' s , is a teacher with 30 years ' experience.(2) (C ) 经历，阅历 Our journey by camel was an unforgettable experience.V 经历，感受 I have experienced

9、 what hardship means.我体验过艰苦生活。Our country has experienced great changes in the last 30 years.experienced 有经验的，educated 受过教育的，skilled 技术熟练的 experiment 实 验5 board (1) V You ' d better board the train now. It ' s time to leave.(2) V 食宿 I' m boarding with a friend.我和一个朋友一块住。n长薄且扁平的木板(常用于合成词)

10、blackboard notice board chessboard(4) n膳食费用I paid $ 10 a week for board and lodging.我每周付10元的食宿费。词组：on board 在船上，在飞机上boarding card 登船(机)票/证 boarding house 供食宿的宿舍6 dream (1)(n)梦想，梦 He had a dream of being a teacher.(2) v 常与 of /about 连用 He had ever dreamed of becoming a famous actor.(3) dream a strang

11、e dream 同源宾语 live a happy life7 expect (1) v 预料，期待，预期 I expect that he will pass the examination.He expects to fail the examination.他料想无法通过考试。(2) v期望、盼望某事，尤指好事发生，常用于进行时态。I ' m expecting a lette r.(等) I ' m expecting John any minute now.我现在时时刻刻在等着(3 ”以为， 认为" 相当于 suppose I expect it was t

12、he cat that broke the cup.expected (adj) 预料之中的 unexpected (adj ) 未预料至U的 expectation(n) 预期指点迷津： (1) hope表示“祝愿，愿望”不可接复合宾语或双宾语hope sb sth 或 hope sb to do sth(2) wish愿望实现的可能不大，常用虚拟语气。可以说 wish sb 或wish sb to do sthexpect "期待"，确信某事必将发生。多用于好的事物 expect sb to do sthexpect too much of sb对某人期望过高only

13、to be expected可能发生，相当正常(4) look forward to "期待，盼望” 其中 to为介词 .Mike_ to become a world champion by his coach and parents.A expected B was expecting C was expected D would be expected8. lecture 讲课，上课 n Mr Smith gave us an interesting lecture.(2) 做演讲，讲课 Professor Zhang is not lecturing this term.(3

14、)(因某事)斥责或告诫某人Do stop lecturing me!别教训我了。a lecture tour 巡回演讲 give sb a lecture 训斥某人 give a lecture 讲课 deliver a lecture 上课 lecture sb for/ about sth因某事斥责或告诫某人9. qualification (n)(1) 考试及底证书，执照 He has got a medical qualification.他已取得医学资格证。(2) 资格(常用复数)He has the right qualifications for the job.qualify

15、(v)取得资格，修饰，限制 qualified 合格的 quality 品质，素质quantity 数量10. prepare : prepare sth prepare sb for sth prepare for sth be(well )prepared for sth prepare to do sth in preparation make preparations for11. before (1) prep 在前面 He stood before her.(2) prep(表示时间)在以前Please come before 10 o ' clock.(3) adv 以前

16、 I have never seen him before.(4) conj在之前 We do want to buy something before prices go up.before long不久以后long before彳艮久以前It won ' t be long before 不久就.A dozen ideas were considered _ the chief architect decided on the design of the building.A because B before C whether D unless12. host (1) (n)(彳

17、寺客的)主人 I was away so my son acted as host. Beijing isthe host of (2) n ( 电视节目等)主持人 The host on tonight ' s show is Max Astor. hostess安主(才I)人(v) 主持，主办某项活动Beijing has got the opportunity to host the 2008 OlympicGames.13. live (1) vi "活，生存"The doctors don' t think he will live through

18、 the night. (2) vi"居住" Where do you live(3) vt 相当于 lead ”过样的生活“ Nowpeople in our country are living a happy life.(4) adj"活的"一般用来指动物 He caught some live fish with no tools.(5) adj“现场直播的" The CCTV made a live coverage of the World Cup.短语：live with 忍受，和一起住live on靠生活/生存live up t

19、o 遵守，达到符合，不辜负(他人的期望)live through 度过，经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存14. comfort (1) U 舒适，身体健康 They did everything for our comfort. 尽力 使我们舒适。Her children are a great comfort for her.(2)帮助，安慰，仁爱 The news brought comfort to all of us.给大家带来了安慰。(3) v The child ran to its mother to be comforted.以求安慰。He tried to comfort her

20、 by telling her that everything would be all fortable 安逸的，舒适的 comfortless无安慰的，不舒适的comforter安慰者，羊毛围巾15. substitute (n) (1)“代替，替换“，后常与 for连用Honey can be used as a substitute for sugar.He is a substitute player on the team.他是替补队员。(2) “用代替"，后接 for We substituted potatoes for rice.用土豆代替米饭。W

21、e must substitute a new chair for the broken one.短语：substitute sth for sth某物代替某物 substitute sb for sb某人代替某人replace sth with sth用某物代替某物change sth for sth用某物替换某物take the place of 代替 take one ' s place 代替 in place of 代替 instead (of) 代替，而不是16. help 组成的词组： help oneself to sth 自取/随便用can' t help do

22、ing情不自禁地做某事help (sb) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境can not help but do不得不做with the help of在的帮助下 with one ' shelp注：改错中经常把 with the help of 写成 under the help of17. academic (1) adj"学院的，学校的“，常作定语。The academic year usually starts in September.学年通常是从 9月开始的。(2)n 大学讲师，高等学校的学生He is an academic in Oxford University.

23、academy 学院，专科院校18. requirement (1)依赖或需要的事物，常用做复数。Our latest model should meet your requirements exactly.Our immediate requirement is extra staffs.我们急需额夕卜的工作人员。(2) 规定或要求的事物 Not all visitors satisfy the legal entry requirement.不是所有的外宾都符合法律上的入境规定。require ( v) require sb to do sth要求某人做某事require that从句用虚

24、拟语气The requirement is that从句用虚拟语气The requirement is that all the workers (should) start to work at 7:30.His health requires that he (should) go to bed early.19. tutor (1) 私人教师，家教，导师 A tutor to taught the children while they were in hospital.(2) 课本，特别指音乐课本 My son has got a violin tutor from school.(3

25、) 教，教某人 He often tutors a child of his friend' s for an examination.他经常辅导他朋友的孩子准备考试(4) vt (control )控制,约束自己的感情It is important to tutor yourself to bepatient.培养你的耐心是重要的。短语：tutor sb in sth教某人某事tutor one ' s passions 抑制某人的感情tutor oneself to be patient培养自己的耐心/耐性20. numb ( adj )“失去感觉的，麻木的“常用比喻义。T

26、he shock left me numb.我惊呆了。She was numb with terror. 她吓得不能动了。句中with用来表示原因，意为“因为，由于" He trembled wit h fear.His fingers were numb with cold. He was shaking with laughter. Her face was red with cold.His face turned red with embarrassment. I ' ll do with pleasure.21. concern (v)使人担忧，烦恼 Our los

27、ses are beginning to concern me.be concerned about/ for/ over 对担忧 be concerned in与某事有牵连，对某事负责be concerned with与有关22. confuse (v) 使混舌L / 糊涂 / 弄错 I was confused by the noise around.Her unexpected arrival confused all our plans.I always confuse the twin sisters. They look so alike.get confused困惑不解，糊涂的

28、confusing莫名其妙的，难以理解的 confusion 迷惑(n & V)(1)“没有，缺乏”常与 of连用The plants died for lack of water. The project was abandoned for lack of money.(2) Vt “缺乏，没有"直接加宾语We lack knowledge and skill.His parents lack the money to send him to university.for lack of因缺乏 have no lack of不缺乏 . lack for nothing一无所

29、缺be lacking in 缺乏注：在作状语的时候，lacking=lack of在作谓语白时候，lack=be lack of(vt)使变好，使改善 I want to improve my English.(2) 变好， 改善 I think your English is improving.His health is improving.= He is improving in health. improvement改善，改进，增进(vi) 出现，出版，至U场That the pop singer appeared made his fans crazy.If I fail to a

30、ppear by seven o ' clock I will not come at all.(2) 看起来，似乎 He appears to want to leave as early as possible.It appears that he will win. = It appears as if/as though he will win.to do He appeared to have been told everything.appear that-clause as if/ as thoughIt appears/ seems that 看起来彳以乎 There

31、appears/seems to be It looks/ seems/appears as i f disappear (v) 消失 disappearance (n) 消失appear 与disappear 无被动语态(1) (n) 所容纳之物，所含之物，内容(contents )He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table.他把提包里的东西倒在桌子上。Fire has caused severe damage to the contents of the building.He hadn' t read the letter a

32、nd so was unaware of its contents(2) (书的) 目录 (contents ) a table of contents 目录 a contents page 目录页 (3)(书，讲话，节目等的)主题，主要内容Your tone of voice is as important as what you have to say.The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study.Her poetry has a great deal of political cont

33、ent.(4) 含量，容量(用于名词后)food with a high fat content the alcohol contentof a drinkadj 满足，满意(不用于名词前)be content withNot content with stealing my girlfriend, she has turned all my friends against me. be content to do愿意彳故I ' m content to wait.contented(尤指因生活好而)满足的，满意的(用于名词前)a contented smile He is a con

34、tented man.contentment(n)27. occupy (1) (vt)占据充满 The speeches occupied 3 hours.发言共占了 3个小时。Many problems occupied his mind.他脑子里装舌许多问题。(2) 军事占领 take possession of The army occupied the enemy ' s capital.(3) 占有房屋、土地 They occupy the room next door.他们住在隔壁房间。(4) 担任某职 My sister occupies an important po

35、sition in her firm.be occupied in doing sth忙于做某事be occupied with sth忙于某事28. common (1)普通的， 常见的 common sense/knowledge 常识(2) 屐的， 平常的 He is not an officer, but a common soldier.(3) 共同的 , 共有的 We share a common purpose.(4) n 公地，公用草地，公园 Every Saturday Mary goes riding on the village common.(5) in common

36、"共有，公用“常6with连用In common with many young people ,he prefers pop music to classical music.Mr and Mrs Smith own the store in common.have a lot in common withhave much in common with have a great deal in common withhave little in common with have nothing in common with29. follow (1)跟随，跟着，继续 The bo

37、y followed his father out.(2) 跟踪，追捕 I think we are being followed.(3)从事 He follows the trade of baker.(4) 理解 Do you follow what I am saying(5) 听从，遵循 follow one ' s advice f ollow the instructions按指示办事(6) 沿着(道路等)而行 Follow this road until you get to the corner, then turn left.following (adj)下一个，其次

38、的 ；(prep) 在之后as follow如下The students came in, following their teacher.The teacher came in ,followed by his students.30. deserve "应受(奖赏)，应得，值得“不用于进行时态， 后接to do、n、pron 。 They deserve to be sent to prison.他们应当入狱。deserving应得的，值得的She deserves a reward for her effort.她积极努力应该受到奖赏。(1) 接着，继续 A silence s

39、ucceed his words .(2)“继承，继位，继续 "Miss Black succeed Mr Smith as our teacher.继之后当了When the king died, his eldest son succeeded.国王死后其长子继位。(3) 成功达至L 成功，后常接(in) doing sth He succeed in winning the first place. success (n) successful (adj) successfully (adv)32. lively, live, living, alive与 lovelylive

40、ly”活泼的，活跃的，有生气的，生动的"a lively girl活泼的女孩a livelyclass(2) live “活的”常用于指动物，只能做前置定语；“现场直播的“，可做定语也可作表语；vt生活，居住(3) living 活着的，有生命的，在世的；n生计，谋生 living things make a living(4) alive “近着的”，表语形容词，强调状态，也可做后置定语或补语。(5) lovely可爱的，美丽的，动人的，快乐的lovely voice 甜润的声音lovely dinner 可口的饭菜考点/易错点2重点短语24 used to过去常常，be used

41、 to do被用来做 be used to doing 习惯于25 take up (1)占去时间/精力Writing takes up most of his spare time. It won' t take up much time.(2) 占据空间(面积)The table takes up too much room.(3) 续，接下去 I ' ll take up the story where I finished yesterday.(4) 开始从事 She took up painting when she was a five-year-old girl.

42、短语：take back 收回take in 吸收，欺骗take off 起飞，成名，脱掉(衣服，鞋帽等)take for granted认为理所当然take away 带走 take down 拆掉 take over 接take place 发生 take on 呈现，雇佣 take part in 参加 take it easy 别紧张考点/易错点3重点语法1 .recommend (1)”推荐，赞许，称赞“常与介词 to , for , as 连用 recommendation Ca 。 n you recommend a good dictionary to meThey recom

43、mend him for the job/ as a good lawyer.。 recommend doing He recommend a book on English study to me.recommend recommend sb to do sthrecommend that从句(用虚拟语气)I recommend buying this dictionary.The doctor recommend his patient to go out for a walk.The teacher recommended that everyone (should) take an a

44、ctive part in the English party.相关用法：(1) advise sb to do sth allow sb to do sthpermit sb to do sth forbid sb to do sthadvising doing allowing doingpermit doing forbid doing suggest doing(2)后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的词：advise, suggest, demand, desire, insist(坚持彳) , order, require, command, urge, recommend 等2 . do

45、you think常做插入语，句子以特殊问词开头，且用陈述语序What do you think her address is(1) 类似的用法：do you believe , do you imagine, do you expect等， 但 do youknow无此用法。(2)表示“相信，认为”的结构，常用 I think /suppose/ expect/ imagine/ hopeso .I suppose /expect/hope/ guess /believe not . I don' t think so.(3) 否定转移结构：think, believe, suppo

46、se, expect , feel , imagine等I don' t think he will come here today. He doesn' t feel he can stand it much longer.反义疑问句：若主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose 等时，反义问句的谓语动词及主语要与从句保持一致。I don ' t think he is serious,He doesn' t feel it is wise to give a child whatever he want,例：I'm su

47、re you ' d rather she went to school by bus,A hadn' t you B wouldn ' t you C aren ' t I D didn ' t she3 (1) It /That/ This is/was the first/second time that .后接完成时从句。It is the first time that I have come to Beijing. That was the last time thatI had been there.(2) It is (high) tim

48、e that后接虚拟语气(一般为过去时)It is time that I got up/ went home.for the first time (用做时间状语)与the first time(用做连词，来引导从句)I came to his office for the first time. The first time he saw her , he fell in love with her.4常见的强调句式：(1) 用 do 的某种形式，强调谓语。Do be careful!. He does work hard. I did tellyou.What he does does

49、do good to us.(2) 用 only 强调，特别用来强调状语。 Only in this way can you learn English well.(3)用just , right , very强调，强调名词时，注意与冠词品位置吴系。He is just the person to fit the job. This is the right book I have been looking for.He is the very boy who won the first prize.（4） It is/ was +被强调的部分+that从句，强调人时可用 who注：一般情况下

50、it is +only when/if/not until等结构均为强调句，后必有 that三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】 （1） There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn ' t get.（2006 全国卷 n）A. between B. through C. across D. beyond（2） Hardly could he this amount of work in such a short time. （2007天津）A. get through B. get off

51、C. get into D. get down【答案】B A【解析】get through已考义项：通过；完成 待考义项：接通电话；到达get up起床;get across 被理解，使通过；get back回来，恢复;get down下来，写下，开始做某事;get home 到家;get into 进入，陷入;get off下车（马、船、飞机）;get on上车（马、船、飞机）;get out出去;get to到达，着手做某事例题2【题干】You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please the bookswhen youve

52、 finished with them. （2004 全国卷 I ）A. put on B. put downC. put back D. put off 【答案】c【解析】put back 把放回去put 待考短语：put aside 把某事放在一边;put down写下，镇压;put in 投入，放进;put off 推迟 ;put on 穿上 ;put together 装配 ;put up 张贴，举起，建造，搭起，进行;put up with 忍受【例题 3】【题干】Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at te

53、llingandjokes. （2005 江苏 ）A. turning up B. putting upC. making up D. showing up【答案】 c【解析】make up 已考义项：编造待考义项：构成; 弥补 ; 化装四、课堂运用【基础】The idea puzzled meso muchthat I stopped for a few seconds to try to（2003 北京春季）A. make it out B. make it offC. make it up D. make it over【巩固】Have yousome new ideasYeah. Il

54、l tell you later. （2007江苏 ）A. come about B. come intoC. come up with D. come out withI was just talking to Margaret when Jackson. (2005湖南 )A. cut in B. cut downC. cut out D. cut up课程小结本节课重点讲解了选修七unit4 重点单词、短语及句型。这些是我们在使用时容易犯错的地方，也是命题者考查的重点。同时，通过基础知识的积累和巩固运用，达到综合掌握各种技能的目的。始终坚持基础知识积累，能力提升综合发展的教学思路，指导学

55、生做最有效的复习和进步。结合各种题型训练，培养训练阅读理解能力和综合语言能力。课后作业【基础】词汇和语言点复习：根据所给的汉语/ 英语写出对应的英语/ 汉语外国2. adjust to. 相似 4. .与 不同5. 保持优秀成绩，继续干下去，6. fit in well 7. say goodbye to sb. 8. dream of (doing) sth.9. apply for.新的生活方式房东12. board with English families preparation course academic requirements 15. revise the draft 16.

56、 As far as he was concerned引用其他作者的观点18. lack confidence 19. an autonomous learner 20. 感到自在21. be occupied with. 22. social activities23. 应该取得成功24. make an apology 25. make a recommendation26. meet the requirement27. a bachelor s degree28. the routine of life29. 30. out of the question 31. 没问题32. 安顿下来【巩固】1 (1)I ve been working twelve hours today, so I shall not beable to ( 坚持住 ).(2)You re making progress. ( 坚持下去).(3)Your efforts are paying off. (坚持住 )!(4) ( 如果她坚持下去),her fatherpromised her a car.2 (1)Do you ( 适合 )the job(2)He adapted himself to the cold weather.(英译汉 )(