飞机大战实训报告

1、目录1. 概述 .2. 相关技术 .2.1 碰撞检测 .2.2 CObList链表 .2.3 设置定时器 .2.4 背景滚动技术 .2.5 内存释放技术 .3. 总体设计与详细设计.3.1 系统模块划分 .3.2 主要功能模块 .4. 编码实现65. 实训中遇到的主要问题及解决方法496. 实训体会501. 概述这次实训，目的以VS 为环境，利用 MFC，使用 C+ 语言编写一个简单的飞机大战游戏 。实现的主要功能：1. 有开始游戏界面，上下左右键控制飞机自由移动，空格键发射炮弹。2. 设有关卡，每打完一个 boss就会过关，每过一关战机炮弹会升级，敌机随机发射子弹数量增加。3. 战机起始十条

2、命，可以通过过关和吃到道具增加血量。4. 战机子弹打中敌机， 敌机就会爆炸， boss血量随关卡升高而增多， 打败敌机或者 boss会有分数加成。5. 设有无敌模式和普通模式，无敌模式大招无限，生命无限，战机导弹直接升至最高等级。2. 相关技术2.1 碰撞检测用 CRect类的 GetRect()函数可以获得当前对象的矩形区域 , IntersectRect()并用此函数判断二者是否碰撞。2.2 CObList 链表这个程序使用CObList 链表来存储各效果。 CobList 类似于一个双向链表，POSITION类型的变量为链表的键。使用POSITION 变量，既可以作为链表循环中的循环变量

3、，也可以作为标记某个位置的标签。我们可以通过获得某元素的POSITION 来访问它。本程序中主要用到的函数有：GetHeadPosition（）：获取链表首元素的POSITION ；AddTail（）：将新的元素添加到链表最后；GetNext( POSITION& rPosition ) ：使 rPosition 指向下一个元素。2.3 设置定时器SetTimer()函数来设置定时器。2.4 背景滚动为了让游戏场景更加逼真，游戏节奏更加合理，可以通过让背景滚动来提高游戏的场景效应，实现这一技术时，可以将一张背景图片复制为2 张，从上到下连续的拼接在一起，使其不会出现图片的卡顿和瞬移现象

4、。2.5 内存释放技术这个程序中有大量的地方需要使用内存，如果不及时删除会出现闪图等情况，容易导致程序崩溃，要及时释放内存资源。3. 总体设计与详细设计3.1 系统模块划分游 戏 系3.2 主要功能模块玩游关敌玩家控制模机家戏卡生类关系图：敌战Boss4. 编码实现机机死过过亡/ PlaneGameView.cpp : CPlaneGameView类的实现关关进void CPlaneGameView:UpdateFrame(CDC* pMemDC)/ 绘制天空if(level=0)战 机敌 机每 关碰 到或 者只 有导 弹战 机一 个CPaintDC dc(this);血 量boss或 者CB

5、itmapbmpBackground;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBitmap(IDB_BITMAP1);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&bmpBackground);/ 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;if (curr <= 1

6、)curr = GAME_HEIGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->BitBlt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIGHT- curr, &dcMem, 0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0, GAME_HEIGHT- curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);if(level>=1&&l=0&&boss=0)pMemDC->FillSolidRect(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH, GAME_HEIGHT,

7、RGB(0, 0, 0);l+;z=1;if(level=1&&l!=0&&boss!=0)CPaintDC dc(this);CBitmapbmpBackground;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBitmap(IDB_BITMAP1);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&am

8、p;bmpBackground); / 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;if (curr <= 1)curr = GAME_HEIGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->BitBlt(0,0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIGHT-curr, &dcMem,0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0,GAME_HEIGHT-curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);if (level = 2 &&am

9、p; l != 0 && boss != 0)CPaintDC dc(this);CBitmapbmpBackground;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBitmap(IDB_MAP2);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&bmpBackground);/ 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入

10、新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;if (curr <= 1)curr = GAME_HEIGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->BitBlt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIGHT- curr, &dcMem, 0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0, GAME_HEIGHT- curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);if(level=3 && l != 0 && boss != 0)CP

11、aintDC dc(this);CBitmapbmpBackground;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBitmap(IDB_MAP3);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&bmpBackground);/ 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;i

12、f (curr <= 1)curr = GAME_HEIGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->BitBlt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIGHT- curr, &dcMem, 0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0, GAME_HEIGHT- curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);if(level=4 && l != 0 && boss != 0)CPaintDC dc(this);CBitmapbmpBackgro

13、und;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBitmap(IDB_MAP4);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);/兼容BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&bmpBackground);/ 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;if (curr <= 1)curr = GAME_HE

14、IGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->BitBlt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIGHT- curr, &dcMem, 0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0, GAME_HEIGHT- curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);if(level=5 && l != 0 && boss != 0)CPaintDC dc(this);CBitmapbmpBackground;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBi

15、tmap(IDB_MAP5);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&bmpBackground);/ 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;if (curr <= 1)curr = GAME_HEIGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->Bit

16、Blt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIGHT- curr, &dcMem, 0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0, GAME_HEIGHT- curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);if(level>5 && l != 0 && boss != 0)CPaintDC dc(this);CBitmapbmpBackground;/ 位图对象bmpBackground.LoadBitmap(IDB_MAP6);CDCdcMem;/ 定义一个

17、工具箱（设备上下文）dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);BITMAPbitmap;bmpBackground.GetBitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系CBitmap*back = dcMem.SelectObject(&bmpBackground);/ 保存原有 CDC 对象，并选入新 CDC 对象入 DCstatic int curr = 1;if (curr <= 1)curr = GAME_HEIGHT - 1;curr -= 1;pMemDC->BitBlt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH,GAME_HEIG

18、HT- curr, &dcMem, 0, curr,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->BitBlt(0, GAME_HEIGHT- curr, GAME_WIDTH,curr, &dcMem, 0, 0,SRCCOPY);pMemDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);pMemDC->SetTextAlign(TA_CENTER);pMemDC->SetTextColor(RGB(255, 255, 255);if(level=0)wchar_t S81000;wsprintf(S8, L"单击鼠标进入游戏 ");pMe

19、mDC->TextOutW(GAME_WIDTH / 2, GAME_HEIGHT / 2, CString(S8);if(level>=1&&z!=0)wchar_t S91000;wsprintf(S9, L"点击进入下一关 ");pMemDC->TextOutW(GAME_WIDTH / 2, GAME_HEIGHT / 2, CString(S9);if(level>=1&&z=0)wchar_t S11000;wchar_t S21000;wsprintf(S1, L"得分： %d", n

20、umber);wsprintf(S2, L"关卡： %d", level);pMemDC->TextOutW(35, 0, CString(S1);pMemDC->TextOutW(200, 0, CString(S2);wchar_t S31000;wsprintf(S3 , L"按下“ F1”开启无敌模式 ");pMemDC->TextOutW(390, 0, CString(S3);wchar_t S41000;wsprintf(S4, L"按下“ F2”关闭无敌模式 ");pMemDC->TextOut

21、W(390, 20, CString(S4);wchar_t S51000;if(wu=0) wsprintf(S5, L"大招数量 :%d",dazhao ); pMemDC->TextOutW(430, 40, CString(S5); if(wu=1)wsprintf(S5, L"大招数量 :无限 "); pMemDC->TextOutW(430, 40, CString(S5);wchar_t S61000;wsprintf(S6, L"按下空格发射子弹 ");pMemDC->TextOutW(60, 50,

22、 CString(S6);wchar_t S71000;wsprintf(S7, L"按下“ Z ”大招 ");pMemDC->TextOutW(56, 70, CString(S7);/ 绘制我方战机if (m_pMe != NULL)m_pMe->Draw(m_pMemDC, FALSE);else/Game OverCString str = _T("Game Over!");pMemDC->TextOut(GAME_WIDTH / 2, GAME_HEIGHT / 2, str);/ 绘制血条if (m_pMe != NULL)

23、CString z1;z1.Format(L"战机 HP（ %d） ", shengming);pMemDC->TextOut(47, 30, z1);pMemDC->FillSolidRect(90, 33, shengming * 10, 10, RGB(255, 0, 0);if (bxt = 1)CString z2;z2.Format(L"Boss HP (%d)",boss);pMemDC->TextOut(35, 100, z2);pMemDC->FillSolidRect(80, 108, boss * 2, 10

24、, RGB(0, 255, 0);/ 绘制 导弹、爆炸、敌机、子弹、 boss、boss子弹for (int i = 0;i <= 8;i+)POSITION pos1, pos2;for (pos1 = m_ObjListi.GetHeadPosition(); (pos2 = pos1) != NULL; )CGameObject* pObj = (CGameObject*)m_ObjListi.GetNext(pos1);if (pObj && !pObj->Draw(pMemDC, FALSE)m_ObjListi.RemoveAt(pos2);delete

25、 pObj;/ 复制内存 DC 到设备 DCm_pDC->BitBlt(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH, GAME_HEIGHT, m_pMemDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);void CPlaneGameView:AI()static int nCreator = rand() % 5+20 ;/ 随机产生敌机if (nCreator <= 0)nCreator = rand() % 5 +20;m_ObjListenEnemy.AddTail(new CEnemy);nCreator-;/ 随机产生大招if (count % 30 = 0)m_ObjListendazh

26、ao.AddTail(new Cda);count+;/ 随机产生生命if (count % 40 = 0)m_ObjListenming.AddTail(new Cshengming);count+;/ 产生 bossif (level= 1&&bn=0&&count>=25&&count<=27)m_ObjListenboss.AddTail(new Cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (level= 2&&bn=0&&count>=50&&count<=52)m

27、_ObjListenboss.AddTail(new Cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (level = 3&&bn=0&&count>=75&&count<=77)m_ObjListenboss.AddTail(new Cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (level = 4&&bn=0&&count>=100&&count<=102)m_ObjListenboss.AddTail(new Cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (level = 5&

28、amp;&bn=0&&count>=150&&count<=152)m_ObjListenboss.AddTail(new Cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (level>5&&count%200=0&&bn=0)m_ObjListenboss.AddTail(new Cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (m_pMe = NULL)return;/ 检测四个方向键，移动战机for (int i = 0;i<4;i+)int nMeMotion = 0;m_pMe->SetVe

29、rMotion(0);m_pMe->SetHorMotion(0);nMeMotion = GetKey(VK_UP);if (nMeMotion = 1)m_pMe->SetVerMotion(1);nMeMotion = GetKey(VK_DOWN);if (nMeMotion = 1)m_pMe->SetVerMotion(-1);nMeMotion = GetKey(VK_RIGHT);if (nMeMotion = 1)m_pMe->SetHorMotion(1);nMeMotion = GetKey(VK_LEFT);if (nMeMotion = 1)m

30、_pMe->SetHorMotion(-1);/ 产生战机导弹if (GetKey(VK_SPACE) = 1)/ 按下了空格键if (m_pMe != NULL && m_pMe->Fired()CPoint pt = m_pMe->GetPoint();if (level = 1 && wu = 0)m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 10);if (level = 2 && wu = 0)m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(

31、pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);if (level = 3 && wu = 0)m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 30);if (level >= 4 &

32、;& wu = 0)m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x , pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 40, pt.y + 30);if (wu = 1

33、)m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x, pt.y + 30);m_ObjListenBomb.AddTail(new CBomb(pt.x + 40, pt.y + 30);if (GetKey(VK_F1) = 1)/

34、按下了 F1if (m_pMe != NULL && m_pMe->Fired()wu = 1;if (GetKey(VK_F2) = 1 && wu = 1)/按下了 F2if (m_pMe != NULL && m_pMe->Fired()wu = 0;/boss 发射子弹static int num = 100;if (m_pMe != NULL && num <= 0)for (POSITION ePos = m_ObjListenboss.GetHeadPosition(); ePos != NULL;

35、)Cboss* pEnemy = (Cboss*)m_ObjListenboss.GetNext(ePos);CPointePt = pEnemy->GetPoint();CBossball * t;for (int i = -level + 1; i <= level - 1; i+)t = new CBossball(ePt.x + 20, ePt.y + 30);t->zx = int(4.0*sin(3.14* double(i) / 9);t->zy = int(8.0*cos(3.14* double(i) / 9);m_ObjListenBossball.

36、AddTail(t);num = 100;num-;/ 敌机发射子弹if (m_pMe)CPoint PlanePt = m_pMe->GetPoint();for (POSITION ePos = m_ObjListenEnemy.GetHeadPosition(); ePos != NULL;)CEnemy* pEnemy = (CEnemy*)m_ObjListenEnemy.GetNext(ePos);if (!pEnemy->Fired()continue;CPointePt = pEnemy->GetPoint();BOOL by = FALSE;/ 敌机在战机前

37、面if (pEnemy->GetMontion() = 1 && ePt.y<PlanePt.y)by = TRUE;/ 敌机在战机后面if (pEnemy->GetMontion() = -1 && ePt.y>PlanePt.y)by = TRUE;if (by && ePt.x >= PlanePt.x && ePt.x < PlanePt.x + CMyPlane:PLANE_WIDTH)CBall * t;for (int i = -level + 1; i <= level -

38、 1; i+)t = new CBall(ePt.x + 20, ePt.y + 30, -pEnemy->GetMontion();t->xx = int(8.0*sin(3.14* double(i) / 9);t->xy = int(8.0*cos(3.14* double(i) / 9);m_ObjListenBall.AddTail(t);/boss 子弹打到战机if (m_pMe != NULL)POSITION nPos3 = NULL, nPos4 = NULL;CRect mRect = m_pMe->GetRect();for (nPos3 = m_ObjListenBossball.GetHeadPosition(); (nPos4 = nPos3) != NULL;)CBall* pBall = (CBall*)m_ObjListenBossball.GetNext(nPos3);CRect bRect = pBall->GetRect();CRect tmpRect;if (tmpRect.IntersectRect(&bRect, mRect)/ 添加爆炸效果if (wu = 0 )shengming-;/ 生命减