美国文化介绍__PPT

1、第六节第六节 主要英语国家概况主要英语国家概况英国英国 美国美国 加拿大加拿大 新西兰新西兰 澳大利亚澳大利亚 United States白头海雕是美国国鸟，它走上了美国国徽白头海雕是美国国鸟，它走上了美国国徽The national emblem of the United States and the national birdFestival1月1日 新年 （New Years Day）1月第2周周一 马丁路德金诞辰2月12日 林肯纪念日 （Lincolns Birthday）2月14日 圣瓦伦丁节（情人节）（St. Valentines Day）2月18日 华盛顿诞辰日（Washing

2、tons Birthday）3月17日 圣帕特里克节（St. Patricks Day）4月1日 愚人节（All Fools Day）4月 复活节（Easter）（一般指春分月圆后第一个星期日）5月 植树节（Arbor Day）（五月的第二个星期五）5月 母亲节（Mothers Day）（五月的第二个星期日）5月 阵亡将士纪念日（Memorial Day）（五月的最后一个星期一）6月14日 美国国旗日（Flag Day）6月 父亲节（Fathers Day）（六月的第三个星期日）7月4日 美国独立日（Independence Day）9月 劳动节（Labor Day）（九月的第一个星期一）10

3、月12日 哥伦布日（Columbus Day）10月 退伍军人节（Veterans Day）（十月的第四个星期一）11月1日 万圣节（Halloween）11月 感恩节（Thanksgiving Day）（11月的第四个星期四）12月25日 圣诞节（Christmas） The White House帝国大厦是纽约人的骄傲帝国大厦是纽约人的骄傲Empire State BuildingStatue of Liberty旧金山的金门大桥其跨度令人赞叹，它是美国建筑文旧金山的金门大桥其跨度令人赞叹，它是美国建筑文化的代表化的代表Golden Gate Bridge纽约时代广场纽约时代广场New Y

4、ork Times Square白宫纪念碑白宫纪念碑The White House monument不要忘记世贸大厦，它曾经是美国经济文化的代表不要忘记世贸大厦，它曾经是美国经济文化的代表World Trade Center美国大选反映了美国的民主美国大选反映了美国的民主文化文化The United States is a democratic country NBANBA League is composed of American National Basketball Association (NBA ) founder of the game, the fierce competiti

5、on.Degree and level of high is recognized as the most in the worldRugbyHollywoodPeople are the traditional title of the Silicon Valley in the United States of California, San Francisco via the Santa Clara to San Jose nearly 50 kilometers of a narrow strip of the United States, is an important base f

6、or the electronics industry, is also the world s most well-known electronics industry concentration. It is with the nineteen sixties since metaphase, microelectronic technology high speed development and gradually form, Cisco, Intel, HP and has, Lucent, apples and other large companies, science, tec

7、hnology, production as a whole.Silicon ValleyNASA NobelNobel Prize was founded in 1901, it is based on the Swedish chemist, inventor of nitroglycerine dynamite Alfred Bennett Bernhard Nobel s will with part of its legacy as a fund created. Nobel Prize including gold medal, certificate and prize chec

8、ks. His legacy is approximately thirty-three million Karen, heritage created by interest, then referred to as the Nobel Prize of the fund. The award ceremony annually in Nobel died that day, is held in Stockholm, Sweden in December 10th, by the king of Sweden personally awardedAmericans thought The

9、way of Americans thought is different from ours:Like to be different；Agree to be disagreed；Everything is above boardAmericans visionForget the past is betrayal, which is the belief of many nationalities ,but the creed of America is forget the past and look into the future;The American viewpoint is b

10、uilt on the basis of realistic and affordable;They wouldnt like to talk about personal things with you,as well as your countrys history.Americans contentious habitAmericans like to argue,dont like to keep silent;Personal values is more important than anything else;The habit of being contentious make

11、s Americans to be good at meeting challenge, adventure and creative.Americans work ethicThey think the work is a part of life. They like to work,which is the same importance as meat and drink to them;No matter how rich you are, you must work;To be successful is to be loved, and to be loved is to be

12、successful. Americans marriage concept Americans marriage value is equality and freedom; The United States couple are very affectionate,but the American divorce rate is the highest in the world; Americans marriage is summarized into 20 words: romantic young, passionate youth, loyal middle-aged, mise

13、rable old-aged.Work and rest customThe work time work, the rest time rest, must be distinguished;Work must be done within the work time;Dont like to solve the problem after the fact or find the relationship between private. Hobby and taboo Love white very much, think which is a symbol of purity;then

14、 is yellow, think yellow is a symbol of harmonious; Like white cat, think which can bring good luck to people;Hate the bat, believe that is a symbol of the vampire and demon;Dont like the number 13 and Friday ;Dont like black. Dont smoke, eat when not to release voices, West tableware should be plac

15、ed in accordance with established practice; Americans rarely use the toothpick, because the teeth is an important part of the mouth. Dont sneeze, although this is very difficult to control, but at least you are not careful in burp later that you want to say Excuse Me.Dont ask age. For many Americans

16、, the age is a very sensitive issue ,especially for women over 30. Americansview on the age is not the same as ours. In our country, older persons are respected. But in the U.S, older persons dont like others compliment their age.美国饮食文化The eating culture of Americav 美国的餐饮多元化，大城市中有世界各地风味的美国的餐饮多元化，大城市

17、中有世界各地风味的餐馆。欧洲餐厅以法国和意大利餐馆为主，这些餐馆。欧洲餐厅以法国和意大利餐馆为主，这些地方环境很好，价格也较高；中餐馆遍布全美，地方环境很好，价格也较高；中餐馆遍布全美，以广东餐馆为主，多售卖海鲜类菜肴，价格适中；以广东餐馆为主，多售卖海鲜类菜肴，价格适中；其他还有日本、印度、中东、拉美和东南亚餐馆。其他还有日本、印度、中东、拉美和东南亚餐馆。比较富有美国当地特色的则是快餐，如以麦当劳比较富有美国当地特色的则是快餐，如以麦当劳为代表的汉堡包餐厅、以肯德基为代表的炸鸡餐为代表的汉堡包餐厅、以肯德基为代表的炸鸡餐厅，此外还有出售披萨、三明治和热狗的快餐店。厅，此外还有出售披萨、三明

18、治和热狗的快餐店。在正规餐厅里就餐后要付在正规餐厅里就餐后要付1020%的小费，而在的小费，而在快餐厅里就不必付小费了。总体来说，吃快餐比快餐厅里就不必付小费了。总体来说，吃快餐比较节省开支。较节省开支。 饮食文化饮食文化vThe species of food 食物种类食物种类 Eating Custom and Practice 用餐用餐习惯习惯Fast Food 快餐食品vFast-food chains，American-style， are currently on the increase all over the worldMost of these places work on

19、 a similar principle There is a long counter ， above which is displayed a list（often with pictures） of the items available， and behind which several people（often students working for the minimum wage）are serving Individual queues form in front of each assistant vYou receive what you order more or le

20、ss immediately and take it on a tray to a table， picking up thing like straws（吸管），（吸管）， pepper， salt， ketchup（蕃茄酱），（蕃茄酱），pickles（泡菜）（泡菜）and napkins（usually paper napkins） on the wayIf you cant see any knives and forks ， this means you are supposed to eat with your handsIf you cant see any straws， th

21、ats because they are hiding in the straw dispenser（分配器）（分配器） that you have to fiddle（拨弄）（拨弄） with the bottom of it to get a straw（one at a time）to emergeWhen youve finished， you yourself throw away everything except the trayvMany fast-food places have drive-in facilitiesYou place your order from you

22、r car via （通过）（通过） a microphone and then drive round to a special window to pay and pick it up You may even encounter places where a waitress bring your meal out， and you sit and eat it in the car from a tray hooked over the door through the open windowvYou may be asked if your order is “for here” o

23、r “to go ”（ieto take away）In some states there is no sales tax on food consumedChipsvChips in America are called “French fries” or “fries ”for short（Note that in the USA “ chips” mean crisps）“French fries” are normally thinner than chipsAmericans generally put ketchup on their chips ，and you will no

24、t normally find vinegar（醋）（醋）Pizzas（意大利式）烘焰饼vThere are many specialty pizza restaurants in America， and many of them take telephone orders and deliver pizzas to your home， which can often be convenientThey come in different sizes， and a large one can be big enough for a party of four peopleIf you wa

25、nt to share a pizza but cant agree on the ingredients ， it is possible to order two different sets of toppings ，one set on each half 美国人在日常生活中讲究实际，他们没有欧洲人的那种繁文缛节。美国人在日常生活中讲究实际，他们没有欧洲人的那种繁文缛节。 来的客人多美国人一般都以家庭式自助餐形式招待客人。吃自来的客人多美国人一般都以家庭式自助餐形式招待客人。吃自助餐也一定的顺序：先冷盘，再熟食，最后是甜点、水果。爱吃什么助餐也一定的顺序：先冷盘，再熟食，最后是甜点、水

26、果。爱吃什么你就尽管在大盘内取什么，不必拘泥，吃饱为止。但不要浪费。你就尽管在大盘内取什么，不必拘泥，吃饱为止。但不要浪费。 开席前，主人会宣布举行祷告仪式。此时不要有丝毫的犹豫，开席前，主人会宣布举行祷告仪式。此时不要有丝毫的犹豫，要跟着主人一起祷告，口中念念有词要跟着主人一起祷告，口中念念有词这是尊重他们的宗教信仰。这是尊重他们的宗教信仰。上餐桌时可以随意放松，不必像法国人、英国人那样左叉右刀，绅士上餐桌时可以随意放松，不必像法国人、英国人那样左叉右刀，绅士似的慢条斯理，一块猪排或一块牛排翻来覆去地切割。你甚至可以用似的慢条斯理，一块猪排或一块牛排翻来覆去地切割。你甚至可以用手直接撕鸡腿，

27、面包用手撕成小块吃。主人绝对不会说你吃相难看，手直接撕鸡腿，面包用手撕成小块吃。主人绝对不会说你吃相难看，不懂规矩。但女士们切勿在饭桌上照镜子补妆；男士们不要在饭桌上不懂规矩。但女士们切勿在饭桌上照镜子补妆；男士们不要在饭桌上吸烟，这有失雅观和礼貌。吸烟，这有失雅观和礼貌。 餐毕离席，把刀叉匙羹放入盘中，不必向在座的每个人招呼，餐毕离席，把刀叉匙羹放入盘中，不必向在座的每个人招呼，只需欠欠身、点点头，就不失礼貌。只需欠欠身、点点头，就不失礼貌。 饭后你想喝杯咖啡之类热饮料，可以直接向主人提出。主人马上会给饭后你想喝杯咖啡之类热饮料，可以直接向主人提出。主人马上会给你送一杯香喷喷的咖啡或一杯浓茶

28、，说声你送一杯香喷喷的咖啡或一杯浓茶，说声“谢谢（谢谢（Thankyou）”就就行。行。美国饮食文化图片欣赏Some Breakfast Dishes 早餐食谱vBreakfast in a restaurant is a very enjoyable experience. If you order eggs in a restaurant, the waiter/waitress will ask you how you want them . You can reply that you want them scrambled(炒) or boiled. It is not suffic

29、ient, however, to ask for them fried; you will have to specify whether you would prefer them sunny-side-up (煎一面), over(两面煎), over-easy/easy-over(两面煎，但蛋黄仍然呈流体状). American sausage(香肠) comes in slices and is quite spicy. But you can also have link sausage.American bacon comes in small strips, can be ra

30、ther fat, and is served crispy. It is usually very tasty, and you can eat it with your fingers.Hash brows(油炸土豆片) are shredded(切成碎片的) and fried potatoes. They are wonderful, especially with fried eggs and ketchup(蕃茄酱).Ice-Cream 冰淇淋vShops selling large number of different flavors of ice-cream are very

31、 common in America If you are not sure what flavor ( 味道味道) you want ，generally you can sample a small spoonful of a particular flavor to see if you like it You can either have your ice-cream in a “plain cone”（普通型锥形物）（普通型锥形物） or in a “sugar cone”（甜脆型（甜脆型锥形物）锥形物）Soft Drinks 软饮料vFast-food restaurants d

32、o not serve alcoholThe soft drinks most often sold are Coca-Cola and PepsiCola， plus fizzy drinks （which are like lemonade）and root beer （which is like cough medicine）Fizzy drinks are known as “carbonated beverages”（碳酸饮料）（碳酸饮料） or ，more colloquially，“soda”，“pop”，“soda pop”，and “soft drinks”vAll thes

33、e drinks come with lost of ice In fact， you will probably find as much ice as drink in your drinkIf you ask for a soft drink without ice， they will think you are funny but will probably oblige（They may charge you a bit extra， for ice is cheaper than Coke） vThe Big Apple：来到美国，说到吃，肯定很多人的第一个反应是：来到美国，说到

34、吃，肯定很多人的第一个反应是The Big Apple，不过千万别误会，这可是你吃不了的苹果，它其实，不过千万别误会，这可是你吃不了的苹果，它其实是纽约市的是纽约市的“昵称昵称”。如果你旅游的目的地是。如果你旅游的目的地是The Big Apple，那我，那我们可要说们可要说Congratulations（恭喜）了，那可是个美食之都。（恭喜）了，那可是个美食之都。vHero：首先，你该到饭店去点一份：首先，你该到饭店去点一份hero。别担心，服务生不会当你。别担心，服务生不会当你是是“吃英雄吃英雄”的疯子。的疯子。Hero是纽约人管大个儿意大利潜水艇三明治是纽约人管大个儿意大利潜水艇三明治的叫

35、法。当然，如果你一下子吃了十个的叫法。当然，如果你一下子吃了十个Heroes，可能别人就会说话，可能别人就会说话了：了：“Look at that strange gal！Shes really out in left field！”这里，这里，out in left field 专门用来形容那些古怪或者是莫名其妙的人。专门用来形容那些古怪或者是莫名其妙的人。vSurf nTurf：当然，美食并不只是在纽约才有，如果你有兴趣，不妨：当然，美食并不只是在纽约才有，如果你有兴趣，不妨到到“天使之城天使之城”洛杉矶逛一圈，洛杉矶逛一圈，Surf nTurf就是一种在洛杉矶非常普就是一种在洛杉矶非常普

36、及的美食，其中主食是海鲜及牛排，可能会比较贵，但还有很多叫及的美食，其中主食是海鲜及牛排，可能会比较贵，但还有很多叫“dives”的便宜餐厅，你可以以合理的价格买到这种美食。的便宜餐厅，你可以以合理的价格买到这种美食。vTaco Stand：Taco Stand是另一种在洛杉矶及附近的加州城市都很是另一种在洛杉矶及附近的加州城市都很常见的美食，常见的美食，tacos来自于拉丁美洲，但在美国加州也非常的流行。来自于拉丁美洲，但在美国加州也非常的流行。“stand”是一种街边小摊，你可以在那儿买到一些速食。一般这要比是一种街边小摊，你可以在那儿买到一些速食。一般这要比McDonalds（麦当劳）或是（麦当劳）或是Burger King（汉堡王）那样的速食连锁（汉堡王）那样的速食连锁店要便宜，但是食物要可口的多哦！店要便宜，但是食物要可口的多哦！ vFranks：在美国的街头，你经常会碰到一些：在美国的街头，你经常会碰到一些Street vendor