英语六级复习资料(完整版)

1、英语六级复习资料（完整版）英语六级复习专题一完形填空-固定搭配1.account for说明的原因，是的原 12.ccuseof 控告；itW3.allow for考虑到，顾及，为留出预 地4.appeal to诉诸，诉请裁决（或证实等）5.bring about 导致，弓1起6.call off 取消7.care for 照顾，照料；喜欢8.check in （ 在旅馆、机场等）堂记，报 到9.check out结帐后离开，办妥手瑛岩去10.come up with 提出，提供，想出11.count on / upon 依罪，指望12.count up 共讦，算出的总数13.draw up起

2、草，拟订；（使）停住14.fall back on借助于，依靠15.get at够得着，触及；思思是，意指； 查明，发现；指责16.go in for 从事，参加；爱好17.hang on to 紧紧抓住；保留（某物）18.turn out制造，生广；结果是；驱逐； 关掉，旋熄19.take over 接受，接管；借用，承袭20.take in接受，吸收，接纳；理解，领 会；欺骗；包括21.stick out（把）坚持到底;突出，显眼22.stick to坚持，忠于，信守；紧跟，紧随；粘贴在上23.set out陈述，阐明；动身，起程；开 始；摆放24.set forth 阐明，陈述25.se

3、t about 开始，着手26.put in for 正式申请27.refer to as 把称作，把当作28.pay off 还清（债）；付清工资解雇（某 人）；向行贿；得到好结果，取得成功29.make up for 补偿，弥补30.look over 把看一遍，把过目；祭 看，参观31.look through详尽核查；（从头至尾）浏览32.live on靠生活，以为食物lie in（问题、事情等）在十33.lie in （ 问题、事情等）在于34.let go（of） 放开，松手35.hold out 维持，保持；坚持 （要求），不屈服36. hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制

4、； 隐瞒，保守（秘密等）37. have an advantage over 胜过.have the advantage of由于一处于有禾1条件 have the advantage of sb 。 知道 某人所不知道的事38. take advantage of （=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from,harness）禾U用。39. attributeto1（=to believe sth. tobe the result of ）把。.归因于.， 认 为。.是。.的结果40. begin with 以开始.to begi

5、n with （=first of all） 首先， 第一（经常用 于开始语）41. on behalf of （=as the representative of）以名义42. believe in（=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true）相信，依赖，信仰。43. get the better of （=defeat sb。）打 败，胜过。44. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统at birth 在出生时；give birth to出生、45. blame sb. for sth.因责备某人 .blame sth.

6、on sb. 把推在某人身上46. in blossom 开花（指树木）be in blossom 开花（强调状态 ）come into blossom开花（g虽调动作）47. take the floor起立发言48. be capable of 能够， 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被的49. compare- with把与比较50. compare- to 把比作51. complain of （or about） 抱怨;诉苦;控 告;complain about抱怨某人或事情 ；complain to sb. about sth. （or sb。） 向

7、某人抱怨；complain （抱怨）； complement （ 补充）;compliment （ 恭 维）52. delight in（=take great pleasure in doing sth 。）喜欢，取乐53. take （a） delight in喜欢干，以为乐54. demand sth. from sb.向某人要求（物质的）东西55. deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某物56. deviate from 偏离，不按办57. on a diet吃某种特殊饮食，节食58. differ from in 与的区另1J在于, 证，使确信。attach(to) (=t

8、o fix, fasten; join)缚，系，结59.dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away) 处理掉80.60.beyond dispute 不容争议的，尢口争议81.attend to (=give one ' s attention,61.62.63.in dispute 在争议中(be) distinctfrom ( = be differentfrom)与截然/、同distinguishbetween (=make or82.care and thought) 注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve,

9、look after) 侍候，照料in accordance with (=in agreement64.recognize differences)辨别distinguish - from 把与区别开83.with)依照，根据on one' s own account 1) 为 J 杲人8.69.do away with(=get rid of; abolish;discard eliminate)除去，废除，取消；do away with (=kill)杀掉， 镇come off duty 下班at large(=at liberty, free)在逃，逍遥法外

10、 at large(=in general)一般来说，大体上at large(=at fulllength; with details)作细地accuseof(=charge - with;blamesb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb.;complain about) 指控，控告allow for (=take into consideration,7.的缘故，为了某人自己的利益2) (=atone s own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself) 依靠自己 on account 赊账； on account of 因为；on

11、no account 不论什么原 因也不;of - account 有。.重要性。take - into account(=consider)把.。. 考虑进去account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释， 说明。on account of (=because of)由于，因为。be accustomed to (=be in the habit70.71.take into account)考虑到， 估计到。amount to (=to be equal to)总计，Q。answerfor(undertake88.89.of, be

12、used to) 习惯于。be acquaintedwith(=tohaveknowledge of) 了解；(=to have met socially )熟悉act on 奉行，按照行动 ；act as 扮5.76.responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)对负责。abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守 comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc。) 遵守，apply to sb. for st

13、h. 为向申请 ;apply for 申请；apply to 适用。apply to 与后美；适用arise from(=be caused by) 由弓1起。3.演;act for 代理adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于adapt (fo r) (=make sth. Suitablefor a new need) 改编， 改写(以适应新的需要)in addition (=besides)此夕卜，又，加之in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外adhere to

14、(=abide by, conform to,77.78.arrive on至 U 达；arrive at至 U 达某地(小地方);得出，作出；arrive in至U达某地(大地方);be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt ply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附；坚持，遵循adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻79.sorrow because of sth. done)以一为羞耻assure sb. of sth. (=

15、try to cause to believe or trust in sth。) 向保95.的，临近的adjust 。 .(to) (=change slightly) 调 节；适应；英语六级复习专题二翻译-语法精要I动词（时态，语态，用法，省略，一致性等）时态1）现在完成进行时态（have/has been + -ing 分词构成）：动作或状态从过去某时开始，继续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束.I ' ve been writing letters for an hour.I ' ve been sitting in the garden.2）过去完成进行时（由had

16、 been + ing分词构成）：过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作I ' d been working for some time when he called.We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.3）将来完成进行时：将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.In another month ' s time she ' ll have been studying

17、 here for three years.4）将来完成时（由shall/will have +过去分词构成）:将来某时会业已发生的事.I shall have finished this one before lunch.They' ll have hit the year ' s target by the end of October.语态可以有两种被动结构的类型，例如：He was said to be jealous of her success.It was said that he was jealous of her success.能同时适用于上述两个句型的主

18、动词通常都是表示“估计”，“相信”等意义的动词，常见的有 assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.The ship is supposed to have been sunk.担当be supposed to与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如：Whyare you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the sp

19、eed to know the speed limit.（你应该晓得速度限制）双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态双宾语结构的被动语态：双宾语结构变为被动语态时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主 语，另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面，但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.宾补结构的被动语态：She was called Big Sister by everybody.The

20、n he was made a squad leader.He was considered quite qualified for the job.The room was always kept clean and tidy.短语动词Vi + advThe plane took off two hours late.Vi + prepThey looked round the Cathedral.Vi + prep （有被动语态）She' s looking after her sister ' s children.The children were always wel

21、l looked after.Vi + adv + prepI began to look forward to their visits.Vt + O + advSome women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.The children were brought up by their mother.They took him on.Vt + adv + O (无被动语态)I am trying to give up smoking.Vt + O + prepWe talked Donald into agreemen

22、t.省略在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略：在有些状语从句中，如果谓语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉.Look out for cars when crossing the street.When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.Although not

23、 yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out.She hurriedl

24、y left the room as though/if angry.She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.Fill in the application as instructed.Whenever known, such facts should be reported.The documents will be returned as soon as signed.He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless tr

25、ained veryyoung.Once having made a promise, you should keep it.If necessary I ' ll have the letter duplicated.Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.在以than a)或as b)引起的从句

26、中，常会有一些成分省略.He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.Their training is free, as is all educati

27、on.We will, as always, stand on your side.错误的省略His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.如果主语是单数，尽管后面跟有 with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than 等引导的短语，谓语动词仍旧用单数形式.Terry, along wi

28、th her friend, goes skating every Saturday.An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.代词作主语时的一致each, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词，都作单数看待.Each of us has something to say.Is everybody ready?

29、Somebody is using the phone.Neither of us has gone through regular training.Has either of them told you?some, few, both, many 等作复数some可后接复数，也可接单数，表示某一.none作复数看待时较多，但也有时作单数看待，主要看说话人脑中联系想到的是复数还是单数概念，但none在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数：None of the books are easy enough for usNone of us seem to have thought of it.Non

30、e (= not a single one) of us has got a camera.None (= nobody) has felt it more keenly than she did.None of this worries me.all和most可后接复数，也可接不可数名词(all of the , most of the )，动词用单数.由and或bothand连接名词词组时，后用复数；由not only - but (also), eitheror, neither - nor或or连接的并列主语，谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致.Not only the switches bu

31、t also the old writing has been changed.My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.Either you or Mr Yang is to do the work.Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.如果一个句子是由there或here引导，而主语又不止一个，谓语通常也和最邻近的那个主 语一致.There was carved in the board a dragon and a

32、 phoenix.Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.people, police, cattle, poultry (家禽),militia ( 民兵)等通常都用作复数.Cattle are grazing on the pasture.The police are looking for him.有些集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据意思来决定.His family isn ' t very large.His family are all music lovers.The committee m

33、eets twice a month.The committee are divided in opinion.The audience was enormous.The audience were greatly moved at the words.有些名词单复数同形，可根据意思决定谓语动词的数：This new series is beginning next month.These new series are beginning next month.This species is now extinct.These species are now extinct.表示时间，重量，长

34、度，价值等的名词，尽管仍是复数形式，如果作整体看待，动词也可 用单数形式（当然用复数动词也是可以的）：Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.One hundred li was covered in a single night.其他问题书名，国家名用单数：Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.学科名, 如 mathematics, economics 用单数.many a或more than one所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式：Many

35、 a person has had that kind of experience.More than one person has involved in the case.a number of 后接复数,the number of 后接单数:A number of books have been published on the subject.The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.one of those后用单数.在“one of +复数名词+关系分句”结构中，关系分句中谓语动词的单复数形式在一般情

36、况下有两形式，一是根据先行词采用复数形式：Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.当one之前友the only等限定词和修饰语时，关系分句谓语动词根据one而定，即采用单数形式：He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.n非谓语动词不定式 形式主动形式被动形式一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing完成

37、进行式to have been doing完成式：不定式的一般形式所表示的动作 ，通常与主要谓语表示的动作 （状态）同时（或几乎 同时）发生，或是在它之后发生.假如不定式所表示的动作，在谓语所表示的动作（状态）之 前发生，就要用不定式的完成式.I am glad to have seen your mother （= I am glad I have seen your mother）.（比较:I am glad to see you.）He is said to have written a new book about workers.He pretended not to have se

38、en me.进行式：如果主要谓语表示的动作（状态）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，这时要用 不定式的进行式.t quite recovered yet.You are not supposed to be working. You haven We didn ' t expect you to be waiting for us here. He pretended to be listening attentively.完成进行式：在谓语所表示的时间之前一直进行的动作，就要用不定式的完成进行式.The struggle was known to have been going fo

39、r twenty years.We are happy to have been working with you.被动式：当不定式的逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.She hated to be flattered.He wanted the letter to be typed at once.This is bound to be found out.There are a lot of things to be done.She was too youn

40、g to be assigned such work.功用：不定式可以作主语(a), 宾语(b), 表语(c), 定语(d)或是状语(e).a. To scold her would not be just.b. We are planning to build a reservoir here.c. One of our main tasks now is to mechanize agriculture.d. Do you have anything to declare?e. We have come to learn from you.不带to的不定式：在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中，

41、如果动词是表示感觉意义的see, hear, watch, smell,feel, notice等，或是表示“致使"意义的 have, make, let等，其后的不定式结构不带to.John made her tell him everything.这类结构转换为被动语态时，后面的不带to的不定式一般还原为带to的不定式.She was made to tell him everything.在 had better, had best, would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might (just) as well, ca

42、nnot but等搭配之后，动词不定式也不带to.I ' d rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.They cannot but accept his term.在 make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let goof, let there be, hear say, hear tell, leave go of等固定搭配中，用不带 to 的动词不定式.John let fly a torrent of abuse at m

43、e.I' ve heard tell of him.在动词help(或help +宾语)之后可用不带to的不定式,也可用带to的不定式.Can I help (to) lift this heavy box?在介词except, but 之后，如果其前有动词do的某种形式，不定式一般不带to,反之带to.There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.Smith will do anything but work on a farm.There ' s no choice but to wait till it

44、stops raining.连词rather than, sooner than置于句首时，其后的不定式不带to.Rather than push the book back as he wanted to do, he forced himself to pick it up.出现在句中其他位置时，其后的不定式有时带to,有时不带to.He decided to write rather than telephone.The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase

45、wages.用作补语的动词不定式，如果主语是由“ all +关系分句”，“thing +关系分句”，“what分句”或“thing +不定式结构”等成，并带有do的某种形式，这时，作为主语补语的不定式可以省to ,也可以不省.What he will do is (to) spoil the whole thing.All you do now is complete the formThe only thing I can do now is go on by myself.The thing to do now is clear up this mess.The least I can d

46、o is drive everybody else closer to the issue.不定式的其他用法tooto结构通常表示否定意义：She was too young to understand all that.enoughto结构则表示肯定意义：She was not old enough to understand all that.not too, but too, all too, only too等和不定式连用时，不定式一般不表示否定意义：He' s only too pleased to help her.soas (to)这种结构也可用不定式作状语：Be so

47、kind as to drop in some time when you are free.如果要说明不定是表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个for引起的短语：It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally.在以某些形容词 （如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude,

48、 naughty, impolite等）作表语时, 不定式前可加一个of引起的短语，来说明不定式指的是谁的情况：It ' s kind of you to think so much of us.（It is） Awfully good of you to come and meet us.It ' s very nice of you to be so considerate.It ' s unwise of them to turn down the proposal.V+ing形式（现在分词及动名词）形式完成式：如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生

49、，通常用动名词的完成形式.He didn ' t mention having met me.I regret not having taken her advice.在某些动词后（或成语中）,常用（或可以用）动名词的一般形式，尽管动作是在谓语所表示 的动作之前发生的.Excuse me for coming late.I don ' t remember ever seeing him anywhere.现在分词的完成式主要用在状语中，表示这动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.Having been there many times, he offered to be our g

50、uide.Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy.另外，独立结构也可用现在分词的完成形式.The guests having left, they resumed their discussion.The children, having eating their fill, were allowed to leave the table.被动式：当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时，动名词一般要用被动形式.His being neglected by the host added to his unea

51、siness.He couldn ' t bear being made fun of like that.但要注意，在want, need, deserve, require 等动词后，尽管表示的是被动的意思，却用 动名词的主动形式.My pen needs filling.The point deserves mentioning.This problem requires studying with great care.在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样Her method is worth trying.现在分词的被动式可以用来作定语，宾语补足语，状语及用于独立结构中.Th

52、is is one of the experiments being carried on in our laboratory.You' ll find the topic being discussed everywhere.Being asked to give a performance, she couldn' t very well refuse.These are sold at reduced prices, the defects always being pointed out to the customers.完成被动式：如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发

53、生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动式.I don ' t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.但在多数情况下都避免使用这一形式，而用一般被动形式代替，以免句子显得累赘.现在分词的完成被动式一般用来作状语或用于独立结构中Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan.Al

54、l the compositions having been written and collected, the teacher sent the students home.句法功用作主语：Walking is good exercise. It ' s nice talking to you. There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.作宾语：Your shoes need polishing.You mustn ' t delay sen

55、ding the tractors over. He avoided giving us a definite answer.作介词宾语：动名词作介词宾语用的时候最多.它常可以用在某些成语后面，常见的有insist on, persist in, think of, dream of, object to, suspectof, accuse of,charge with, hear of, approve of, prevent from, keep from, stop - from, refrain from, be engaged in, look forward to, oppose

56、d to, depend on, thank - for, feel like, excuse for, aim at, devote to, set about, spend - in, get (be) used to, be fond of, be capable of, be afraid of, be tired of, be sick of, succeed in, be interested in, feel (be) ashamed of, be proud of, be keen on, be responsible for.作表语：The real problem is getting to know the needs of the people.动名词和不定式都可以作主语或表语.一般说来，在表示抽象的一般的行为时多用动名词在表示具体某词动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式.作宾语补足语 ： 分词可以在see, hear, no