新人教版英语必修1：Unit2Englisharoundtheworld

1、Unit2Englisharoundtheworld话题诵读日积月累ThedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguageinAmericacanbedividedintothreeperiods：ThefirstperiodextendsfromthesettlementofJamestownin1607totheendofcolonialtimes.Thesecondperiodcoverstheexpansionoftheoriginalthirteencolonies.ThistimemaybesaidtoclosewiththeCivilWar,about1860.Th

2、ethirdperiod,sincetheCivilWar,ismarkedbyanimportantchangeinthesourcefromwhichtheEuropeanimmigrantscame.TheycamefromnorthernandsouthernEuropeinlargenumbersAstimewenton,theEnglishlanguagegraduallychangedonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.Atthebeginningofthe17thcenturytheEnglishlanguagewasbroughttoNorthAmericaby

3、colonistsfromEnglish.TheyusedthelanguagespokeninEngland,thatis,ElizabethanEnglish,thelanguageusedbyShakespeajreMiltonandBanyan.FollowingAmericanindependencefamouspersonslikeThomasJefferson,JohnAdams,andWebsterbegantoconsiderthatthecountryshouldhavealanguageofitsown.EnglishinAmericahasdevelopedachara

4、cterofitsownreflectingthelifeandthephysicalandsocialenvironmentoftheAmericanpeople.【词海拾贝】1. colonialadj殖民的2. expansionn.扩张3. immigrantn.移民【问题思考】True(T)orFalse(F):1. ThedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguageinAmericacanbedividedintofourperiods()2. Atthebeginningofthe17thcenturytheEnglishlanguagewasbroughtto

5、SouthAmerica()答案：1.F2.F自主预习步步提高1词汇识记I 重点单词分类记拼写咼频单词1. dj官方的；正式的；公务的2. dj本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人3. .词汇；词汇量；词表4. .&vt命令；指令；掌握5. .&vt请求；要求6. dv直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的7. .街区；块；木块；石块答案:1mand5. request6.straight7.block联想拓展单词1. vt以为根据n.基部；基地；基础tdj.基本的；基础的2. dj逐渐的；逐步的-dv逐渐地；逐步地3. dj较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的dj.最近的；最新的dj

6、.后期的dv近来；最近4. p.本身；本体；身份vt&vi认出；鉴定5. dj流利的；流畅的dv流利地；流畅地.流利；流畅6.adj.频繁的：常见的adv.常常：频繁地7.vt.表达；表示n.词语；表示；表达8.vt.辨认出；承认；公认n.认出：承认9.adj.现实的：实际的adv.实际上；事实上10.n.使用；用法；词语惯用法-vt.使用adj.有用的adj.无用的答案：1.basebasic2.gradualgradually3.latterlatestlaterlately4.identityidentify5.fluentfluentlyfluency6. frequentfr

7、equently7.expressexpression8.recognizerecognition9.actualactually10.usageuseusefuluseless识记阅读单词1. elevatorn.2. voyagen.3. apartmentn.4. enrichvt.5. spellingn.6. identityn.7. accentn.8. lightningn.9. cabn.答案：1电梯；升降机2航行，航海3.美公寓住宅；单元住宅4使富裕；充实；改善5拼写；拼法6.本身；本体；身份7口音；腔调；重音8闪电9.出租车II重点短语快速记1. 过；非常；不仅是2. 近；

8、上来；提出3. 以为基础4. 信不信由你5. 演一个角色；参与6. 为；由于7. -的数量8. 在；目前9. U用；使用10. 如；像这种的答案:eup3bebasedon4.believeitornot5.playapart（in）6.becauseof7.thenumberof8.atpresent9.makeuseof10.suchas皿.经典句式应用记1.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachother管他们所讲的英语不尽相同）.（evenif/though引导让步状语从句）2. Believeitornot;thereis没有什么标准英语）.（n

9、osuch.as.没有像这样的）3. 这是因为）intheearlydaysofradiothosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.（because引导表语从句）4. However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferences人们说话的方式）.（theway+定语从句）答案：1.eveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish2.nosuchthingasstandardEnglish.3Thisisbecause4inthewaypeoplesp

10、eak（语篇理魁1 Skimmingforthemaininformation1. Whatdoesthepassagetellus?A. ThebriefhistoryoftheEnglishlanguageB. ThemodernEnglishbasedmoreonGermanC. TheoldEnglishbasedmoreonFrenchD. EnglishspokeninEnglish答案：A2 .FindoutthemainideaofeachparagraphPara1A.TheexampleofthedifferencebetweendifferentnativeEnglish

11、speakersPara.2B.WideuseofEnglishPara.3C.Englishisalanguagespokenallaroundtheworld.Para.4D.WhyEnglishhaschangedovertimePara.5E.Englishwassettled答案：Para.1BPara.2APara.3DPara.4EPara.5CIIScanningfordetailedinformation1. WhydidthepeopleinmanyothercountriesbesidesEnglandbegintospeakEnglishinthe17thcentury

12、?A. BecausetheywantedtotradewithEnglishpeopleB. BecausepeoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldC. BecausetheyfoundEnglisheasiertospeakD. BecausetheywantedtoconquerEngland2. WhichofthefollowingwordsisAmericanEnglish?A.FlatB.Apartment.C.Honour.D.Metre3 .WhendidtwobigchangesinEnglishsp

13、ellinghappen?A.Inthe16thcenturyB.In1150.C.Inthe19thcenturyD.Inthe20thcentury4 .Fromthetext,weknow.A.onlyEnglishchangedovertimeB.alllanguageswillchangewhenculturesmeetC.allEnglishwordswerefromFrenchD.fewerandfewerChinesepeoplearelearningEnglish5 .WhydomorepeoplespeakEnglish?A.Becauseitisaninternation

14、allanguageB.BecauseithasthelargestnumberofspeakersC.BecauseitiseasytolearnD.Becauseitalwaysstaysthesame答案：1B2B3C4B5A皿ntensivereadingtofinishthepassageEnglishhaschangedand1.(develop)whenculturesmeetandcommunicate2.eachother.FromAD450to1150newsettlerstoEngland3.(rich)theEnglishlanguageandenlargeditsvo

15、cabulary.In1620,Britishpeoplebegantomoveto4. countriesandgradually,English5.(speak)inmanyothercountries.Bythe19thcenturyAmericanEnglishspellinggotaseparateidentity6.NoahWebsterwrotehisdictionary.At7.,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst8. oraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.PeopleinSouthAsia9.asIndiaSing

16、aporespeakfluentEnglish.Chinamayhavethe10.(large)numberofEnglishlearners.答案：1.developed2.with3.enriched4.other5. wasspoken6.when7.present8.second9. such10.largestIV.Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext1. AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglish

17、spokentoday.句式分析此句为复杂的简单句。句中“spokerinEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150及“spoketoday皆为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词“theEnglish。尝试翻译2. ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150，EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.句式分析此句为主从复合句。because引导了原因状语从句。在状语从句中又含有who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“tho

18、se”且在从句中充当主语。尝试翻译答案：1最初，英格兰人在大约公元450年到1150年期间所说的英语与我们今天所说的英语很不一样。2. 然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语了，因为那时的英国统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。课后演练强基提能A级基础过关I.单句语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1. Helookedcalm,but(actual)hewasverynervous2. (base)onanovelbyLewisthefilmispopularwithpeoplearoundthecountry3. HespeaksCh

19、inese(fluent)asifhewereaChinese4. Thisisthemainusethatscientistsmakenaturalresources5. Thenewmethodisnotperfect.Even,it'smuchbetterthantheoldone6. Itis(request)thathe(leave)beforeseveno'clock.7. Thetownhaschangedbeyond(recognize)sinceIwaslasthere8. Computersplayimportantpartinmodernsociety.9

20、. Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That'sIgotwetthrough.10. Theexplorertookonlysuchmenandthingshereallyneededintothethickforest.答案：1.actually2.Based3.fluently4.of5.so6. requestedshouldleave7.recognition8.an9.why10.asn选词填空（注意形式的变化）suchasmakefulluseofatpresen；expressionaccen；comeup;block；play;voc

21、abulary；becauseof1. Wemusttheresourceswehave2. Ilikedrinks,teaandcoffee3. Strangerstohiminthestreetandsaidhowmuchtheyenjoyedhisbook4. Thebossisbusyandhewillringyoubacklater.5. Thepartthatthechurchisverygreat.6. Hehadtoretirehispoorhealth.7. Theygreetedhimwithmanyofpleasure.8. Hespeakswithastrongsout

22、hern.9. Helivesthreeawayfromhere.10. Tomysurprisehehasthelargestinourclass.答案：1.makefulluseof2.suchas3.cameup4.atpresent5.plays6.becauseof7.expressions8.accent9.blocks10.vocabulary皿.完成句子1. Friends着非常重要的作用）ourlives.2. Sheiswearingalongredcoatsoyou'll肯（定能认出）her.3. 信不信由你）,theywillnotcarryouttheirpr

23、omise4. Thecaptain令他的人向港口航行）quickly5.They'vemadeanurgentrequestthatthefreshwater应该立刻供应）.答案：1playedanimportantpartin2besuretorecognize3. Bmandedhismentosailtotheport5. （should）besuppliedatonceB级能力提升I阅读理解阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（20佃全国卷皿）OPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYol

24、o!ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami（折纸术）artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirectsInpreviews.OpensFeb12（WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.2123684444）TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheU

25、KandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIveyPreviewsbeginFeb14（Schoenfeld236W.45thSt212£39£200）HamiltonLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrants

26、tory.ThomasKaildirectslnpreviews.OpensFeb17(Public,425LafayetteSt.212967-7555)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar'sloveduringacross-ountrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundabout

27、TheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.212719-1300.)【语篇解读】本文主要预告了四出戏剧的梗概及演出信息。1. WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A. Atypeofart.B.Ateenager'sstudio.C.Agreatteacher.D.Agroupofanimals.解析：细节理解题。根据第一出戏剧的名称AnimalsOutofPaper及该部分中的“ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpr

28、esenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudi”可知答案。答案：A2. WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A. HelenMirren.C.DylanBaker.B.PeterMorgan.D.StephenDaldry.解析：细节理解题。题干问的是“谁执导了TheAudienceo根据该部分中的StephenDaldrydirects可知答案。答案：D3. Whichplaywillyougotoifyouareinteres

29、tedinAmericanhistory?A. AnimalsOutofPaper.B. TheAudienceC. Hamilton.D. OntheTwentiethCentury解析：细节理解题。根据第三出戏剧Hamilton部分“Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamiltoninwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantsto”可知，Hamilton是关于美国历史的戏剧。答案：CII七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。At

30、thetimeofbirth,babiescanexplore（探索）allofthefivesensehearing,seeingtouching,tasting,andsmellingthoughthesesensesarenotfullydeveloped.TheyexplorethenewworldwiththeiravailablesensesRightfromthetimeofbirth,babieshaveagoodunderstandingofsound.Infact,thesenseofhearingdevelopsmuchbeforethebirthofthem.Wheni

31、ntheirmothers'womb（子宫）,theycanheartheirmothers'heartbeats._1_Anditisveryeasyforthemtounderstandthetone语调）ofspeechThesightalsodevelopswithtime.Justafterbirthbabiescanseethingswhicharewithineighttoteninchesfromtheireyes._2_Withtimetheirrangeofvisionandunderstandingofcoloursalsodevelop._3_Theyl

32、ovesleepinginthelap（大腿）justbecausepersonaltouchesmakethemfeelsafe.Touchisanimportantsense,whichaffectstherelationshipbetweentheparentsandtheirbabies.Babiesexploremostthingsbyputtingtheminsidetheirmouths._4Andtheywillspit（吐）outanythingthatdoesn'ttastegoodimmediately.Babiesrecognizetheirmotherthro

33、ughsmell._5_Theyalsoquicklyrecognizethesmellofthefoodorfruittheylove.Withtime,theydevelopanunderstandingofallthesmellsaround.Thoughthedevelopmenttakesalongtime,youcancertainlyhelptomakeitfast.Butremembe:donotoverburdenyourkidanddonotbeoverprotectiveaboutyourkid.A. Smallbabieslovetobetouched.B. Theye

34、xpresstheirfeelingsbycrying.C. Theytastethemthroughtheirsensitivetongues.D. Babiesrespondtotouchinthesamewayasadultsdo.E. Theyalsoeasilyrecognizeblaqkwhiteandredcolours.F.Thentheystartrecognizingthesmellofotherfamilymembers.G.Graduallytheycanrememberwordsandunderstandthemeanings.答案：1.G2.E3A4.C5F皿完形填

35、空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ithinkthatsleepingisthemostwonderfulthingintheworld.While_1_Idonothing,butclosemyeyesleavingallmyworkbehind.Infact，Ihavetogetup_2_nearlyeverymorning.Myclassesbeginat8:00buttheteacherasksustoarrivebefore7：15sowehave_3_timetopreparefortheclass.Ifyouare_4,

36、you'llloseonepoint.Andwhenyoureach10_5_parents'visittoschoolwillbeamust.ThoughIthinkit's_6_，Istilldon'twanttoloseanypoints.Onemorning，myalarmclock7_Iwokeupwitha_8_andfoundthatitwasalready7：00.Whatwasworse,Ilostsixpointsina_9_，thatistosayIwaslateeverydaythatweek.Myteachersaidangrilyth

37、athe_10_metobelateagain.Myfriendsjokedthatmy_11_wascomingsoon.Ifinally_2_todosomething.Iboughtanew_13_tsingssongsontime_14_Ishutitdown.It'sperfectforalazycatlikeme.WhenI_15_itforthefirsttime，Isuccessfullygotupat600thenextmorning.Proudof_16_Itookadeepbreathandfoundthattheearlymorningairissurprisi

38、ngly_17_.IdidsomereadingfindingthatEnglishisreallybeautiful.Ihadn'trealized_18_thatthemorningissowonderful.“Lifeislikea19_ofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou'regoingtoget.”JiFstraestGumpsaid,sometimesweshouldbreakour_20_.Youmayfindthatanewwaycanchangethingsforthebetter.【语篇解读】作者上课经常迟到，可自从换了个新闹钟之

39、后，开始早起并且发现了早晨时光的美好，从而也爱上了晨读英语。最后作者也悟出了一个道理：有时我们应该打破以前的习惯，做出适当的改变，那样可能会发现一种新的方式从而把事情做得更好。1. A.tiredB.asleepC.silentD.awake解析：根据后面闭上眼睛什么都不做，可知是当“我”睡觉的时候，asleep意为“入睡”，故答案选B。答案：B2. A.slowlyB.lateC.quicklyD.early解析：根据下一段的叙述，课是8点开始，而作者的老师要求7:15前到校，可知是不得不早起，故答案选D。答案：D3. A.enoughB.noC.manyD.any解析：从7：15到&00,可知有足够的时间准备功课，故答案选A。many修饰可数名词，可以排除。答案：AC.late4. A.IazyB.sleepyD. noisy解析：老师要求7:15之前必须到校，因此所要表达的意思是：如果迟到，就要扣掉一分（point）。故答案选C。答案：C5. A.timesB.pointsC.daysD.classes解析：上文说迟到一次就扣掉一分，因此当达到10分（points时，父母就一定要到学校来了。故本题选B。答案：B6. A.surprisingB.im