高中英语从句精讲与练习

1、( 1)表语从句1 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：(1) 从属连词that 。 在从句中不做成分。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school.who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever(2) 从属连词whether,as,as if 。如：looked just as he had looked ten years befor

2、e. question is whether they will be able to help us. 注：从属连词if 一般不用来引导表语从句，但All this was over twenty years ago, but it 这 都 是 20 多 年 前 的 事 The key is whether we can solve the problem. 词 be, seem, look ， sound 等。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. It sounds as if someone is knocking at

3、the door. 连接代词他看起来还与十年前一样。问题是他们是否能帮我们。as if 却可引导表语从句，如： s as if it was only yesterday.了，但宛如昨天一样。注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动他看起来还与十年前一样。在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。The problem is who we can ge

4、t to replace her.我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left.连接副词where, when, how, why 。What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。This is where they once lived.这就是他们曾经住过的地方。That is why he didn't come here.The question is how he did it.(3) 连词 because 可引导表语从句。如：I think it is because you are doing too much.

5、 我 想 这 是 因 为 你 做 得 太 多 。 It's just because he doesn't know her.That's because he didn't understand me.那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because.强调原因)That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why. 强调结果)(4) 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。 should+ 动词原形表示，should 可省略。如：My su

6、ggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。表语测试1. The question is we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2. The reason why he failed is he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s you left itA. where B

7、. there C. there where D. where there4. The problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason isI missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7

8、. That is we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what8. She looked she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasn t come is .A. because his mother is ill B.because of

9、 his mother s being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. howis Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why13 your father wants to know isgetting on with your studies.A. What; how are youB. That；

10、how you areC. How； that you areD. What； how you are14. The trouble iswe are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that15. America was was first called “ India ” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer.A. what it used

11、 to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be17. he really means is he disagrees with us.A. What thatB. ThatwhatC. What whatD. Thatwhat18. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such19. I drove to Zhuhai for the air sho

12、w last week. Is thatyou had a few days off ？A. why B .what C. when D. where20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella I got wet through.A. It s the reason B. That s why C. There s why D. It s how21. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. wha

13、t22. - Are you still thinking about yesterday s game?- Oh, that s .A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited23. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 答案15: D

14、BACC610 :ACDDC1115:CBDBA1620: AACAB2123: DAA( 2)主语从句1 定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2 构成：关联词+简单句3 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1) 从属连词that 。 如： That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facialresemblance between them.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。(2) 从属连词whether 。如：Whether he ll come here isn t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3) 连接代词who,

15、 whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词where, when, how, why 。如：What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone.Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home my only home.唯一的家。解释：1 主语从句能用it 作形式上的主语。常以itA. It+be+ 形 容 词 (obvious, tr

16、ue, natural, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is probable that he told her everything.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。你所在的任何地方就是我的家 我作形式主语的句型有：surprising, good, wonderful, funny,从句。如：毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。很可能他把一切都告诉她了。B. It+be+ 名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good

17、 thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：It s a pity that we can t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。It s no surpr ise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。C. It+be+ 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged,etc.)+that 从句。如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格

18、林先生已经到了北京。It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。D. It+seem, happen 等不及物动词及短语+that 从句。如：It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。E. It+doesn t matter (makes no differ

19、en ce, etc.)+ 连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：她是否来这无关紧要。我们在哪里开会毫无区别。作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。下周那位科学家将他们明天不来很要紧吗？孩子们这么安静真奇怪！It doesn t matter whether she will come or not.It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.F. 当 that 引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?给我们

20、作报告是真的吗？Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it 作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：How strange it is that the children are so quiet!2注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever 等引导主语从句的含义Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who)来的人将受到欢迎。Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the

21、thing that)他所做的事情是正确的。Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who)你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖 练习1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever2. It was he said disappointed me.A. what ; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; w

22、hat3. we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter5. was to return to school.A. That really interested him B. What really interested himC. Which really interested him

23、D. That interest him really6. makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whateverhe made an important speech at the meeting was true.A. That B. Why C. What D. How8. we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A IfB Whether C ThatD Where9. It worried her a bit her hair was tu

24、rning gray.A. whether B. That C. whatD. whenI say and think _ none of your business.A. is B. are C. has D have11. Does matter if he can't finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it12. It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. which B. that C. if D. for13. is a fact that English i

25、s being accepted asan international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It14. what they told me really true?A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have15. It matters little a man dies, but matters much is he lives.A. how; what; how B. how; it; howC. why; it; why D. that; what; that16. she couldn't understand

26、was fewer and fewer students showed interestin her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that17. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in andoutthe atmosphere today.A. that B. when C. what D. how18. fashion differs from country to country may reflect

27、the culturaldifferences from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which19. -What made her parents so angry?- she had failed in the examination.A. As B. Because C. Since D. That20. we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where21. -Do you remember he came?-Yes

28、, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if22. It was a matter of would take the position.A. who B. whose C. whom D. whomever23. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where24. I read about it in some book or other, does it mat

29、ter it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which25. It is necessary that a college student at least a foreign language.A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master练习 1-10 D A B A B C A B B A 11-15 DBDBA 16-20 ACBDB 21-25 AAADB（ 3）宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句. 宾语从句分为三类: 动词的宾语从句, 介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态：1.

30、 主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2. 主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。3. 主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that 引导表示陈述句的宾语从句, 而 if 和 whether 引导表示“是否”的宾语从句He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether

31、 he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever,whichever 等 .连接代词一般指疑问, 但 what, whatever 除了指疑问外, 也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?I don t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the

32、 best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however 等 .He didn t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you read the new

33、panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢, 因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中, 他都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结

34、构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure 确保 make up one s mind 下决心 keep in mind 牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers bef

35、ore you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it 代替的宾语从句动词 find,feel,consider,make,believe 等后面有宾语补足语的时候, 则需要用it 做形式宾语而将that 宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven t been to the get -together.我没去聚会, 感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rul

36、e that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really pr

37、actical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.若宾语从句是 wh-类，则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.

38、我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6 号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.用 that,if 引导的介词宾语从句有时候 except,but,besides 三个介词后可见到that 引导的宾语从句I know nothing

39、 about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班, 其他一无所知.四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li

40、 Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.五、 if,whether 在宾语从句中的区别 if 和 whether 在作 “是否” 解时 , 引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout 等之后 , 介词后一般不用if 少数动词, 如 :leave,put,discuss,doubt 后的宾语从句常用whether. whether 后可以加or not, 但是 if 不可以 . 在不定式前只能用whether.（如： I can t decide whether to stay. 我不能

41、决定是否留下。） 避免歧异时, 我们常用whether 而不用 if.六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当 that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;当宾语从句较长时;当主语状语置于主句尾, 宾语从句之前时;当主语谓语动词（包括非谓语动词）与宾语从句之间有插入语时;当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时, 此时第一个that 可以省略, 第二个 that 不可以省略 ;当宾语从句中的主语是this,that 或 this,that 做主语的定语时;当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时

42、;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;当宾语从句有it 做其先行词时;在直接引语中, 转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.七、宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等 ,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时, 从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来, 其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I don t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won t come to myparty.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I

43、 don t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim 所杀的 , 是不是 ?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词, 其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课, 是不是 ?八、宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时, 宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生I only knew he was studyin

44、g in a western country,but I didn t know what countryhe was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书, 可不知道是哪个国家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议

45、的事情告诉的了Mary.从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.如果从句是一个客观真理, 那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why 等表

46、疑问时, 不能按正常语序安排 , 经常将这类引导词置于句首Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手. 编辑本段 宾语从句（版本二）学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。1. 连接词连接词一般都是that（指事务或人）,which （指事），who （指人）1 从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that 或将 that 省略，直接与主句相连。2 .从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whetheror not 结构中不能用 if

47、替换。3 从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+胃语+其他2. 判断时态情况：1. 主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。2. 主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。eg:1. The teacher told the children that the sun round.A. was B. is C. were D. are2. I believe that our team the basketball match.A. win B. w

48、on C. will win D. wins3. I don ' t know to visit the old man.A. whether B. if C. that D. whosoldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school. ;where ;which ;which ;where答：选B,动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意 “过去

49、的一座旧庙宇”； temple 后为对其修饰的定语从句，用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth. as "把用作 编辑本段 宾语从句(版本三)宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后。eg Tell him which class you are inDo you know what he likes ？注：(1) 主、从句时态一致：主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时；He answered that he was listening to me.主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需；eg He says (that) he will leave a mes

50、sage on my desk.They know (that) he is working hard.具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时；eg He told me that he was born in 1980.Father told me that practice makes perfect .( 2)否定前移，及完成反意问句在 think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。(注 : 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称)eg I don'

51、;t think you are right ,are you ?I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?3）运用虚拟语气的情况在表示：建议suggest , advise要求 demand 、 desire 、 require 、 request 、 propose ；决定decide;命令order 、 command;坚决主张insist;等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should ） +v （虚拟语气）eg I suggested that you （ should ） study hard He or

52、dered that we should go out at once（ 4）宾语从句后置情况如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用it 作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置eg You may think it strange that he would live there（ 5）宾从中that 不可省略的情况宾语从句that 常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略A 当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that ，其他不能省略。eg I believe （ that ） you have done your best and that things will get betterB 当 it

53、 作形式宾语时eg She made it clear that she had nothing to do with himC 当宾语从句前置时eg That our team will win ， I believe 编辑本段 宾语从句（版本四）一、定义和宾从例句分析宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。A 作动词的宾语:I heard the news.主语谓语动词名词作宾语I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语- 宾语从句B 作介词的宾语:He said nothing about the plan.主语谓语动词代

54、词作动词的宾语介词名词作介词的宾语He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连接词有：that( 可省略 ) ， what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.宾语2 He told me (that)

55、 he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.间接宾语直接宾语3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.间接宾语直接宾语4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.who hadn t passed the exam.when she would leave this building.why she cried last night.where she was going to study.which student was his partner in the short play.if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.how she managed to solve the problem.why water flows from a high position to a lower position.在例子 4 中， 当主句是过去