英语阅读理解专项及解析

1、英语阅读理解专项及解析一、英语阅读(日常生活类)1 .阅读理解When it comes to helping developing countries, we often think about offering money in order that they can build schools and hospitals, buy food and medicine, or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important basic needs in their lives. However, it's

2、 far from enough. We have to come up with better ideas.A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, which he decided to invent after he visited a school in Cambodia. The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is not the same as the normal one that you can buy in the shops. On

3、e difference is that it will be covered in rubber so that it is strong and won't be damaged easily. As an electricity supply can be a problem in developing countries, the computer also has a special handle in order that children can wind the computer up_to give it extra power when needed.This sp

4、ecial laptop computer will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr. Negroponte wants to produce as many as 15 million laptop computers in the first year. The idea is that these computers will help the children's education as they will be able to access the Internet. These computers might not benefi

5、t the people in developing countries immediately, but by improving children's education they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the long term.Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again. In

6、the UK. And probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year. The waste crested by throwing away thee old phones is very bed for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to achieve two important goals at the same time. We will reduce the waste we

7、 produce and help others. In other words, we will be able to" kill two birds with one "and that is always a good thing.(1) The underlined phrase "wind up" in paragraph 2 means A.吹风B.给土发条川C.摇上”D.利用空气使(2) The laptop computer that Mr. Negroponte has designedA. will be damaged much e

8、asier than the normal oneB. has a special handle to access the InternetC. is cheap and can run with extra powerD. can be helpful to find the people's own solutions(3) According to the passage, what benefit can we get from recycling old mobile phones?A. We can reduce the waste to protect the envi

9、ronment.B. We can help children in developing countries reuse the old mobile phones.C. it is good for the environment and very educative for phone users.D. It not only reduces the waste produced by developed countries but also helps the children in developing countries.(4) Mr. Negroponte's cheap

10、 computer is mentioned in the passage to A. illustrate the kindness of people in the developed countriesB. tell us what high technology can help peopleC. show how to find business opportunities in developing countriesD. give an example of how to help developing countries（ 5） Which is the best idea t

11、he author gives us to help the developing countries?A. We need to help people in developing countries to help themselves ， not just throw money at the problem.B. We should spend much money helping people in developing countries build more schools and hospitals.C. We should think about giving help to

12、 developing countries more often.D. We should help the people in developing countries by improving children's education immediately.【答案】（ 1 ） B（ 2） C（ 3） D（ 4） D（ 5） A【解析】【分析】主要讲了Nicholas Negroponte 发明了一种便宜的手提电脑和循环使用手机来帮助发展中国家。（ 1）细节题。根据give it extra power when needed. 当需要的时候给它额外的能量，是通过特殊的把柄来产生能

13、量，即通过上发条，故选B。（ 2）细节题。根据A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer 和give it extra power when needed. 可知手提电脑是便宜的，并且有额外的能量，故选C。（ 3）细节题。根据We will reduce the waste we produce and help others. 可知不仅降低了废弃物污染，而且帮助了发展中国家，故选D。（4）细节题。根据第一段 We have to come up with better ideas.可知是帮助发展中国家更好

14、的主意的例子，故选D。（ 5）细节题。根据第一段可知帮助发展中国家时不仅仅是提供给他们金钱，而且要通过更好的方法来让他们自己帮助自己，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。2 阅读理解Scrub, the pet cat of Jennifer's, was found! It got lost five years ago. Jennifer looked for it everywhere but failed each time. She thought Scrub would never come back. But one day she go

15、t a call from an animal shelter （庇护所）and was told they had found Scrub!How did they know Scrub belonged to Jennifer? How did they know Jennifer's phone number?All the information was available because of the microchip, a very small computer chip （薄片） It was placed under Scrub's skin many yea

16、rs earlier.The microchip is usually placed under the skin of an animal's shoulder to keep its ID number. Once the chip is in place, the pet does not feel it anymore. When lost pets are brought to animal shelters, people there use a special tool to look for the microchip and read the ID number on

17、 it, then they'll call the microchip company to match the number to the information of the pet's owner. This is how the shelter was able to tell Jennifer that they had found Scrub.Microchips have helped thousands of owners get their lost pets back. In New York, a dog named Roxy was missing f

18、or months. Then a woman found her on a busy street in New Jersey. No one knows how the dog got to a different state. However, thanks to her microchip, Roxy was soon returned to her grateful owner.In 2008, a couple got their cat George back after he had disappeared 13 years earlier! When George got l

19、ost, the couple tried everything to find him. They visited animal shelters every day for six months, made posters and even offered a $500 reward (酬金).As years went by, they thought George would never be back till they got the call from an animal shelter. Without the microchip, the cat would never be

20、 able to come home again.Microchips can not only work for a pet's whole life but help lost pets no matter how far they've been away from home. This is why microchips may be just the thing to help bring missing pets back home.(1) How did Jennifer find her pet cat?A. By visiting animal shelter

21、s.B. By offering a $500 reward.C. With the help of the microchip.D. With the help of a woman in New Jersey.(2) Which statement about microchips is NOT true according to the passage?A. They are very small computer chips.B. They are under an animal's skin of its shoulder.C. They can help the owner

22、s to find the long-lost pets.D. They can only work for a lost pet that's far away from home.(3) The right order of how animal shelters help lost pets return home is Get the I D number of the lost pet. Call the owner to bring the lost pet home. Look for the microchip of the lost pet. Call the mic

23、rochip company to match the number to the information of its owner.A.B.C.D.(4) According to the passage, we can know that.A. the couple thought the microchip wasn't helpful at allB. Scrub didn't feel uncomfortable with the microchip in its bodyC. it took a long time to match Roxy's ID nu

24、mber to her owner's informationD. Jennifer herself found her cat according to the ID number on its microchip What is the main idea of the passage?A. The reasons why pets got lost.B. Different ways to find the lost pets.C. The ways how people care for the lost pets.D. The introduction of how micr

25、ochips help the lost pets return home.【答案】(1) CD(3) D(4) BD【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍芯片怎样帮助走失的宠物回家，动物收容所通过詹妮弗宠物猫皮肤下的芯片上的身份证号码联系上了失主詹妮弗，芯片帮助了数千名失主找 到他们的宠物。(1)细节题。根据 then they'll call the microchip company to match the number to the information of the pet's owner. This is how the shelter was able to te

26、ll Jennifer that they had found Scrub.可知，詹妮弗通过芯片的帮助找到他的宠物猫，故选C。(2) 2) 细节题。根据 Microchips can not only work for a pet's whole life but help lost pets no matter how far they've been away from home. 可知，微芯片不仅能效力宠物的一生而且无论 丢失的宠物离家有多远都能帮助。D选项描述跟原文描述不一致，故选Do(3) 细节题。根据 When lost pets are brought to an

27、imal shelters, people there use a special tool to look for the microchip and read the ID number on it, then they'll call the microchip company to match the number to the information of the pet's owner. 可知， 动物收容所首先寻 找丢失宠物的微芯片，其次获取它的身份证号码，然后打电话给芯片公司将号码和它的主人的信息匹配，最后打电话给失主领回丢失的宠物，故选Do(4) 细节题。根据

28、Once the chip is in place, the pet does not feel it anymore. 可知， Scrub 身 上放了芯片没有什么不舒服感，故选 Bo(5)主旨题。本文主要介绍芯片怎样帮助走失的宠物回家，故选Do【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻 找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3 .阅读理解At some point in life, many people develop a mental（精神） problem.While most people get over it, for othe

29、rs it doesn't go away easily.The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death.In

30、 China, the picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge.The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said.A research centre in Oxford Unive

31、rsity says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example, they experience bullying (欺凌).In a 2017 report, the centre noted that the Internet was a special source (渠道) of stress. Online, young people often see "messages about perfection" and this causes the young "gr

32、eat uncertainty about their futures", says the centre.Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a si

33、milar point. And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem.Young people who don't ask for help for their condition may be

34、 creating problems for themselves in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, "If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever.""My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within youask for help," hetold China Daily.(1) Which of the following is NOT

35、the cause of stress according to the passage?A. Heavy schoolworkB. Being bullied at school.C. Some information from the Internet.D. Certainty about the future.(2) Why don't Chinese people ask for help with their mental problems?A. They don't think them serious.B. They can get over them in ti

36、me.C. They can keep their mental health secret. D. They are afraid of being looked down upon.(3) What does the underlined word "stigma" most probably mean in Chinese?A.羞耻BP象Ct助无害(4) Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to.A. think less of themselvesB. avoid being bulliedC.

37、 ask for help as soon as possibleD. stay away from the Internet. The main purpose of the passage is to.A. ask research centers for helpB. tell about teenagers' stressesC. call public attention on teenagers with mental illnessD. show some different opinions from different countries【答案】(1) DD(3) A

38、(4) CC【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述世界上许多人有精神疾病，到 2020年世界上有一半的青 少年患精神方面的疾病。精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异 常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。(1)细节题。根据 young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying (欺凌).the Internet was a special source (渠道)of stress.可知，研究表明压力的原因来自于过重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致的，D描述与原文不一致

39、，故选Do(2)细节题。根据 They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble.可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选 D。(3)词义猜测题。根据 And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma.可知，在英国，超过4分之三的年轻人认为他们的精神疾病是社会的耻辱，推出 stigma的意思是 簟耻"，故选Ao

40、(4) 推断题。根据 If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever. 可知， 如果 躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出 Elaine Peng建议患有精神疾病的青少 年应尽快就医，故选 Co(5)推断题。通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤 起全社会对患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选 Q【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题 需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系 上下文，推出词句的意思。4.阅读理解

41、Did you take part in a camp this summer? There are so many summer camps and not all of them are the same. To choose which camp is best for you, first you must do a bit of research.Maybe you've never thought about it before, but every great summer camp has the same main goalsopportunity, challeng

42、e and growth.Opportunity means you are given a chance to do something special. It also makes you special because other kids don't have the same opportunity. For example, if you are interested in writing, then you can choose to join a journalism (新闻) camp. You may have the opportunity of meeting

43、famous journalists there.Challenge means you are given a task. You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement. For example, you could take a lifeguard course at some summer camps. If you pass the exam, then you will receive a certificate

44、(证书)to become a real lifeguard.This also leads to the third and most important goal of very great summer camppersonal growth. It doesn't mean growing taller and stronger or more beautiful. It means seeing yourself improve, learning something new and doing something you didn't know or believe

45、 you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself.So in the future when choosing your next summer camp, remember to ask yourself: Is it a special opportunity? Is it a challenge? Will I grow?But what about friendship, fun and joy? These will all happen naturally when you have th

46、e right goals at summer camps!11) Which is the writer's opinion?A. Different camps have different goals.B. There are too many summer camps today.C. All great summer camps have the same main goals.D. All the summer camps offer the same activities and courses.(2) According to the passage, a camper

47、 feels successful when he.A. joins the best campB. finishes a hard taskC. grows taller and strongerD. takes a special chance(3) The most important thing for a camper is to.A. take opportunitiesB. grow more beautifulC. become better and more confidentD. learn new life-saving skills(4) What does the l

48、ast paragraph tell us?A. It's not important to have fun at a camp.B. It's hard to make real friends at a camp.C. You can get more joy with more goals at camp.D. With the right goals, you can have fun while learning at a camp. Which is the best title for the passage?A. What makes a camp great

49、?B. Which is the best goal?C. How to be a successful camper?D. How to do research work?【答案】(1) CB(3) C(4) DC【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述作者就如何成为一个成功的野营者给出了一些看法，每 个好的夏令营都有相同的主要的目标机会，挑战和成长，让自己一边学到东西一边获得乐趣。(1)细节题。根据 but every great summer camp has the same main goalsopportunity, challenge and growth.可知，作者观点是所有好的夏令营都

50、有相同的主要目标 机会，挑战，成长，故选C=(2) 细节题。根据 You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement.可知，每当野营者完成一次艰难的任务后会有成就感， 故选Bo(3) 推断题。根据 the third and most important goal of very great summer camp personal growth. It means seeing yourself improve, learni

51、ng something new and doing something you didn't know or believe you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself. 可 知，对于野营者而言，最重要的事是变得更好而且更自信，故选 C(4)段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述有用正确的目标，你便可以在夏令营中一边学到东 西一边获得乐趣，故选 Do(5)主旨题。本文主要讲述如何成为一个成功的野营者的，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要 从文中寻

52、找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。5.阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Hobbies let you explore interests outside of your line of work. They let you be creative and try all kinds of new things. Picking a different one can get your creative juices flowing again.SLook at what interests you.C

53、heck what you love doing in your spare time. Do you enjoy reading books? Maybe you want to try your hand at writing your own. Do you like a hot coffee at the end of the day? Maybe your hobby could be trying to make it at home. Turn what you already love into a hobby.Think about what you value mostDo

54、 you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire artists? Let such question guide you when choosing a hobby.For example, maybe you could volunteer at a library as a hobby because you value education or maybe you could try painting because you admire people who can express themselves with art.Examine your

55、 skills and personality.Certain hobbies require certain skillPlay to your strengths.If you don't have much patience, then maybe going fishing isn't something you'd enjoy. However, if you love building things, maybe you should consider a hobby like working on older cars or building furnit

56、ure.Pay attention to what excites yourThe way you talk about things can also show what you really like and it can be developed into a hobby.Think about the topics you go on endlessly about. Ask your friends and family what you seem to talk about all the time. Now think about the subject that you enj

57、oy so much and decide how it can be turned into your hobby.11) This passage is most probably taken from.A. a magazine for old peopleC. a picture book for children"B. a magazine for young peopleD. a picture book for hobbies(2) This passage mainly shows us.A. how to find a new hobbyB. how to give

58、 up old hobbiesC. why you must find a new hobbyD. why you must give up old hobbies(3) Which is the most suitable word for ?A. hobbiesB. skillsC. topicsD. interests【答案】(1) B A (3) C 【解析】【分析】主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。(1)细节题。根据全文可知讲了发现一种新爱好，可知不是picture book图画书，排除C、Do根据 maybe you could volunteer at a library在图书馆里当

59、志愿者，所以给年轻人写 的，故选Bo(2)主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。故选Ao(3)推断题。根据后文Think about the topics you go on endlessly about.考虑下话题，可知最合适的词是话题，topics,故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。6.阅读理解If you want to check where the nearest coffee shop to your home is, if you want to know how to get to a place in