2016年职称英语理工类B级考试真题与答案

1、2016年职称英语理工类b级真题与答案1 .Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.A.imaginationB.disclosureC.confirmationD.recall参考答案：B2 .Jensenisdangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.A.carelessB.cruelC.strongD.hard参考答案：B3 .Youllhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.A.jumpB.escapeC.runD.prepare参考答案：C4 .Weareworriedaboutthis

2、fluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.A.changebleB.stableC.suitableD.adaptable5 .Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.A.haircutB.purseC.clothesD.necklace参考答案：C6 .Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.A.fearB.joyC.hurtD.memory参考答案：C7 .Theyhavebuiltcanalstoirrigatethedesert.A.decorateB.waterC.changeD.visit参考

3、答案：B8 .Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.A.disabledB.pupilC.teenagerD.baby参考答案：D9 .Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.A.warmB.severeC.hardD.dry参考答案：A10 .Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.A.realB.outstandingC.creativeD.false参考答案：A11 .Weare

4、awareofthepotentialproblems.A.globalB.possibleC.ongoingD.central参考答案：B12 .Theideawasquitebrilliant.A.positiveB.cleverC.keyD.original参考答案：B13 .Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.A.regulatedB.increasedC.maintainedD.fell参考答案：D14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionincarmaintenance.A.co

5、achingB.ideaC.termD.aspect参考答案：A15.A11houseswithin100metersoftheseasareatriskofflooding.A.indangerB.outofcontrolC.betweenequalsD.inparticular参考答案：A二、阅读判断TheTheoryofEveryoneIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasacollegestudent,doctor

6、sdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration（分解）ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottasteorsmellanything.AndyetthismanisPro

7、fessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.HawkingisoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience,heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopie

8、s.Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:Isthereacompletetheoryoftheuniver

9、seandeverythinginit?Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes”inspace.Nowheislookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemu

10、stobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.IfStephenHawkingisabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.16.StephenHawkingwillbe50years

11、oldby2017.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：BIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.A.RightB.WrongC.

12、Notmentioned参考答案：A19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesnthavetowork.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthesecretsofA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：C22.

13、TheTheoryofEverythingisabouttherulesthateverythingintheuniversefollows.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：A三、概括大意与完成句子Geothermal（地热）Energy1 Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearthscenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetempe

14、ratureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（岩浆）.Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearthssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearthssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearthssurfacew

15、hereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可渗透的）rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricitying

16、eothermalpowerplants.2 .Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.

17、3 .Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeitherflashsteamplantsorbinary（双重的）plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300to700Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,itflashesorboilsintosteamAgain,theforc

18、eofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.4 .Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflash

19、steambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.23.Paragraph1A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewate

20、randsteam24Paragraph2A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：A25Paragraph3A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：E26Parag

21、raph4A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam参考答案：F27 .AgeothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunderA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotspring

22、s参考答案：B28 .Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwithA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings参考答案：E29 .FlashplantsproducehotwaterthroughA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hots

23、prings参考答案：C30.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedintoA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings四、阅读理解SmartWindows1 .Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowal

24、soprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweeneasily.2 .Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,saysClaesGranqvist.Hesaprofessoro

25、fsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.Itscontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhentheyrestuckindoors.3 .Yet,windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecon

26、trol.Inthewinter,coldairleaksin.Whenitshotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing（使人清新的）,actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.4 .Windo

27、wshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing（用玻璃覆盖）,andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusesomechromogenic（发色的）technologiesinvolvingchangesofcolor.5 .Electrochromic（电致色的）window

28、suseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersoftungstenoxide（氧化钨）worksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage（电压）isdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilitscompletelydarkafterallelectricityista

29、kenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.6.Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortofmemory.Allittakesisasmallshockofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitionstakefrom10secondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeofthewi

30、ndow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed.Inthefuture,Granqvistsays,ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.31 .WhichofthefollowingvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentioned?A.Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.B.Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.C.Theyletushavevisualcontactwiththe

31、surroundingworld.D.Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.参考答案：D32 .TheexpressionwhenitcomestoinParagraph3isusedtoA.signalthearrivalofaguest.B.indicatetherecoveryofconsciousness.C.showourunderstandingofsomething.D.introduceanewaspectofatopic.参考答案：D33 .AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthat.

32、A.arecosted.B.areglazed.C.haveseverallayers.D.canchangecolor.参考答案：D34 .Whichparagraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindowschanging?A.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph3.C.Paragraph4.D.Paragraph6.参考答案：A35 .Asmartwindowsissmartmainlybecause.A.itcanchangeitssize.B.itcanchangeitsstructure.C.itcanchangethevolt

33、ageofelectricity.D.ithasasortofmemory.参考答案：DSportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation（NBA）andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreallystandsoutabouttheg

34、iantcenterishiscelebrity（名气）.Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess（杰出的才能）alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft（选拔），hewasthefirstinternationa

35、lplayerevertobeselectedfirst.HisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnoNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful（难对付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.Whenit

36、wasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture（骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder（震动）spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisover

37、burdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrec

38、overyprocessWesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCMsbenefitsalthoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.Itsbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idontthinkt

39、hatitsshortonscience.36.ThewordtoweringinParagraph1meansA.large.B.fat.C.tall.D.great.参考答案：C37.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhisA.mobility.B.assault.C.defense.D.celebrity.参考答案：A38 .YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecauseA.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B.hewantedtomakeamor

40、erapidrecovery.C.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.D.hecouldntaffordallthemedicalexpenses.参考答案：B39 .WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?A.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.B.HeisanNBAplayer.C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.Heisaninternationalfigure.参考答案：A40.Ingeneral,theWesternexpertsattitudetowardsTCMisA.indif

41、ferent.B.positive.C.negative.D.doubtful.参考答案：DCanyouhearThis?Whensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls,floor,andceiling.Thesearecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant(反射的)sound,whichcanbehear

42、devenafterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom(includingthepeople)absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime.Becauseeachuseofanau

43、ditoriumcallsfordifferentreverberation.Speechneedstobeunderstoodclearly:thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthaveashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedareverberationtimesom

44、ewherebetween.Acousticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel（平行的）wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsingeffect.Largepillars（柱）andcornerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.Someofthe

45、seproblemscanbesolvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberationtimeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandotherstopasstoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.41 .ThispassageismainlyaboutA.soundwavesandtheireffects.B.thetyp

46、esofmusicorchestrasplay.C.wallsofanauditorium.D.thedesignofanauditorium.参考答案：D42 .WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffecthaveA.ashortreverberationtime.B.anintermediatereverberationtime.C.noreverberationtime.D.alongreverberationtime.参考答案：D43 .ThispassagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshouldA.

47、getridofallreflections.B.nothaveabsorbers.C.achieveapleasingmixtureofsound.D.havesmoothsurfaces.参考答案：D44 .LargepillarsandcornersmayA.makesoundrichandfull.B.becuresforsoundproblems.C.besourcesofsoundproblems.D.functionaseffectivelyasclouds.参考答案：C45.Thewordacousticinthelastparagraphhassomethingtodowit

48、hA.performance.B.sound.C.audience.D.weather.参考答案：B五、补全短文WhatIsaDream?Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelieveth

49、atdreamscantellusaboutapersonsmindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.(46)TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofapers

50、onswishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreuds.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.(47)Forexample,peop

51、lewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,beli

52、evesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoapersonsdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.(48)Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.Hisstudie

53、sshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.(49)Thisisnottrueofwomensdreams.Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.(50)Thedr

54、eammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.Itsimportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcr

55、ime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.参考答案：E46.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareo

56、ftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientifi

57、cway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.参考答案：F47.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudyd