机械专业英语词汇

1、General 通用法规，规范, code标准 , standard暂行标准, tentative standard达到标准, come up to thestandard定标准 , fix (set up) a standard标书，技术规格, specification要求 , requirement满足要求, fulfill requirement细则,regulation规则,rule法律,law条款,provision总则,general provision附带条件，限制性条款, proviso判椐,criterion (pl. criteria)约定条件,stipulation合同

2、规定,on the stipulationthat合同,contract签订合同,sign a contract拟订合同,draw up a contract违约,breach of contract代理人 , mandatory强制性的, mandatory, restrictive非强制性的, optional条件,condition符合,conform to (with)遵守,comply with确认,confirm证书,certificate认可,approve (v), approval (n.)接收,accept (v.), acceptance(n.),acceptable (

3、a.)评定,qualify (v.) qualification(n.)满足,meet许可,permit拒收,reject废品,rejection鉴别,identify提交,submit to论证,demonstrate公约,convention仲裁,arbitration公证,notarization公证人 , public notary商检 , commodity inspection &testing独立检验员, independentinspector业主代表, representative of S / V业主, owner委托人, client签署, sign要求, req

4、uest监理员, supervisor, surveyor检查鉴定, survey检查,inspect,check,验证,verify目击，见证, witness禁止,prohibit建议,recommend满意的 , satisfactory授权, authorize文件, document审查, review监控, monitor测定, detect逐个检验, individual inspection抽样检验, sampling inspection,cross checkinspection评价,evaluate试验,test实验,experiment试样,specimen可跟踪性,

5、traceability预先具有资格, prequalify判定，评价, judge责任 , responsibility, obligation, duty折衷，兼顾, compromise官方，管理局, authority样本,sample保证,assure通知单 , notification通知,notify (v.) notice (n.)会议纪要,minutes数量,quantity质量,quality质量控制,quality control(Q.C)质量保证,qualityassurance(Q.A)缺陷, defect巡检 , touring inspection, patrol

6、损坏, damage临界的 , critical受控文件, valid document停止点, hold point(H)交货 , delivery竣工图, as-built drawing原始记录, original record传阅,recycle批注,comment答复,reply紧急,urgent宣读,read out直线度,straightness垂直度,perpendicular平整度,flatness同心度,concentricity同轴度,axiality平行度,parallelism圆度 , roundness平面度,planeness随机的,random不平,uneven

7、空心,hollow同心,concentricity偏心,eccentric表面粗糙度, surface roughness尺寸公差, dimension tolerance允许误差, admissible error上偏差, upper deviation下偏差, lower deviation尺寸 , dimension长度,length宽度,width高度,height厚度,thickness深度,depth跨度,span直径,diameter半径,radius外径,outer diameter内径,inner diameter口径,caliber拱度,camber挠度,deflectio

8、n旁弯,lateral flexure径向跳动, runout端面跳动, endface runout中心线偏斜, lack of alignment弯曲 , flexure, bending斜度,slope角度,angle对角线,diagonal平行线,parallel中心线,center line斜线,oblique line切线,tangentialline轮廓线,contour line原点，起点, original指标,index转速,rotary speed方向,direction指南,guide选定,choose选择,select挑选,pick炉批号 , heat / plate

9、 number, heat batch炉、批 , lot or heat编制,drafting签发,sign & issue执行,performance报标,invitation for tender投标,tender, bid开标,bid opening中标,success ofbid询价,inquiry标价,quotation of prices, offer不相符 , non-conformance遗漏,omission去掉,remove更换,renew修补,repair几何形状, geometry型号,model暂时,temporarily测量,measure附件,annex,

10、 attachment修正,amend型材,bar stock湿气,moisture发出,issue填写,fill in开工会,kick-off meeting间距 , interval承包商,contractor分保商,subcontractor供货商,supplier操作错误, operate missing签证 , visa敲打检查,hammering test拉伸试验,tensile test冲击韧性,impact toughness冲击功, impact work抗拉强度,tensile strength屈服强度,yield strength弯曲角, angle of bending

11、冲击韧性试验, impact cuppingtest压扁试验,squeezing test侧弯试验,side bend test背弯试验,root bend test面弯试验,face bend test纵弯试验,axial bend test硬度试验,hardness test破断延伸率,percentageofelongation of break断面收缩率,percentageseduction of area无损检测, nondestructive test(NDT)破坏试验, destructive test外观检查, visual examination超声波探伤, ultraso

12、nic test (UT)射线探伤,radiographic test(RT)磁粉探伤,magnetic particle test(MT)渗透探伤,penetrant test (PT)密封性试验, leak test气密试验,air tight test压力试验,pressure test水压试验,hydraulic test气压试验,pneumatic test冲水试验,fill water test宏观组织检查, macroscopicexamination微观组织检查, microcosmicexamination侵蚀, erosion底片, radiographic test fi

13、lm变形, distortion试运行 , trial operation永久变形, permanentdeformation凸起, camber凸出, protrusion凹进,concave超出,protrudebeyond清除,decontaminate失败，故障, failure断裂,fracture塌陷，凹陷, collapse中断,discontinuity裂缝,crack发裂,flaw龟裂,fissure毛细裂纹, capillary crack起始裂纹, incipient crack断层裂纹, fault fissure积水,stagnant water船舱,cabinPro

14、cessing 工艺加工,processing, working工艺学, technology工艺技术, technique工艺的, technologic工位,station, position工序,procedure, operation工步,step车间,shop, workshop工厂 , mill, factory, manufacturer工地、现场, site外场,yard, field侧面,side断面,section结构,structure, construction构件 , 部件 , member, component零件,part, element机构,mechanism

15、装置,device机件,machinery机械零件, mechanical element基准 , datum水平基准线, horizontal referenceline精度,accuracy余量,allowance组件,assemble分装件 , subassemble包装,package外协件, cooperation外购件, purchase part备件 , spare part裸装件, nudes散装件, odd lot, odds & ends拆包, unpackaging工件, workpiece装箱单, packing list焊接 , Welding对接焊,butt

16、 welding角焊 , fillet welding搭接焊,lap welding船形焊,fillet weldingin downhand塞焊,plug welding平焊,down hand welding横焊,horizontal position welding立焊,vertical position welding仰焊,overhead position welding全位置焊, all position welding平角焊,horizontal fillet welding仰角焊,fillet welding in theoverhead衬垫焊,welding with bac

17、king单面焊双面成形, one-sidewelding with back formation定位焊 , tack welding堆焊 , surfacing返修焊,rewelding补焊 , repair welding隔离层堆焊, buttering手工焊,manual welding自动焊,automatic welding焊条电弧焊, shielded metal arcwelding(SMAW)埋弧焊,submerged arcwelding(SAW)气保焊,gas shielded arc welding氩弧焊,argon arc welding钨极氩弧焊, argon tung

18、sten arcwelding熔化极惰性气体保护焊, MIG钨极惰性气体保护焊,TIG活性气体保护电弧焊,metalactive-gas arc welding (MAG) CO2气保焊,carbon-dioxide arc welding药芯焊丝CO2 气保焊 , arcos arcprocess, dual shielded arc welding单面焊 , welding by one side双面焊 , welding by both sides单道焊,single pass welding多道焊,multi-pass welding单层焊,single layer welding多层

19、焊 , multi-layer welding连续焊,continuous welding断续焊,intermittent welding打底焊,backing welding盖面焊,cosmetic welding分段退焊, backstep welding纵缝, longitudinal seam横缝, transverse seam环缝, circumferential seam螺旋缝, spiral seam坡口, groove坡口面, groove face坡口面角度, level angle坡口角度, groove angle坡口高度, groove depth钝边 , root

20、face钝边高度,thickness of root face根部间隙,root gap根部半径,root radius根部锐边,root edgeI 型坡口 , square groove坡形板边（削薄）, tapered edge焊缝表面,weld face焊缝背面,back of weld焊缝尺寸,size of weld焊缝厚度,throat thickness熔深 , penetration焊缝成形,appearance of weld余高, reinforcement背面余高,root reinforcement焊脚, leg焊缝腰高,theoretical throat焊根, w

21、eld root焊趾, weld toe凸形角焊缝, convex fillet weld凹形角焊缝, concave fillet weld交错断续角焊缝, staggeredintermittent fillet weld并列断续角焊缝, chainintermittent fillet weld密封焊缝,seal weld熔透焊缝,penetration bead保留垫板,permanent临时垫板,temporary backing垫板 , backing铜垫板,copper backing焊剂垫,flux backing引弧板,run-on tab end tab引出板,run-of

22、f tab end tab引弧 , arc start, arc burning熄弧 , arc outage, arc blowout焊接工艺评定, weldingprocedure qualification(WPQ)焊接工艺规程, weldingprocedure specification(WPS)焊接工艺参数, weldingparameter焊接电流,welding current电弧电压,arc voltage焊接速度,weld travel speed预热, preheat后热, postheat层间温度,interpass temperature焊后热处理, post wel

23、d heattreatment焊接环境, welding surroundings焊工考试, welder qualificationtest清根 , root back gouged, backchipping清渣 , slag removal定位板(马, strong-back电弧偏吹,arc flow熔滴,droplet拼接,splice焊缝清理,weld cleaning气刨,gouge批凿,chip锤击,peening捻缝,caulking中间焊层,intermediate weldlayer划线,mark off熔渣,slag焊缝穿越孔, weld access hole焊态,as

24、-weld过热组织, overheated structure魏氏组织, Widmannst? ttenstructure层状偏析, lamellar segregation熔合线 , bound line热影响区, heat-affected zone(HAZ)碳当量 , carbon equivalent晶间腐蚀, intercryctallinecorrosion敏化区腐蚀, weld decay焊接残余应力, welding residualstress消除应力, stress relieving退火消除应力, stress relieving byannealing焊接残余变形, w

25、elding residualdeformation角变形 , angular distortion波浪变形, wave-like deformation扭曲, twisted收缩, shrinkage反变形 , backward deformation刚性固定, rigid fixing校正,straighten火焰校正,flame straightening焊接缺陷,weld defect裂纹,crack层状撕裂,lamellar tearing气孔,blowhole密集气孔,porosity虫形气孔, worm hole咬边,undercut焊瘤,overlap凹坑,pit烧穿,burn

26、 through塌陷 , excessive penetration未焊透,incomplete penetration未熔合,incomplete fusion未焊满,Incompletely filled weld根部缺陷,root concaving电弧擦伤,arc scratch, arc strike夹渣, slag inclusion白点, fish eye错边, dislocation, mismatching,misalignment分层, stratification嵌条, insert飞溅, spatter机械擦伤,mechanical damage焊缝成形差, rough

27、 weld锤痕, hammering pit麻点, pock边缘不平整, rough edge剥落 , peel弧坑, crater焊道曲折,zigzag weld外形规整,smooth contour歪斜, crooked翘曲, warping焊接材料,welding consumables焊条, electrode酸性焊条,acid electrode碱性焊条,basic electrode低氢焊条,low hydrogen typeelectrode焊剂, welding flux焊丝, welding wire镀铜焊丝,copper -platingwelding wire药心焊丝,f

28、lux-cored wire电弧焊机,arc welding machine弧焊电源,arc welding powersource焊条保温筒, thermostat forelectrode干燥箱 , dryer地线 , earth lead地线夹头, earth clamp平台 , platen滚轮架 , turning roll胎架, placentas压缩空气, compressed air焊接量规, weld gauge测温笔, tempil stick打磨, grind (ground)焊钳, electrode holder砂轮机, grinder钢丝刷, wire brush砂

29、纸, sand-paper砂布, emery cloth气焊, gas welding氧 -乙炔焊, oxy-acetylenewelding热喷涂 , thermal spraying气割 , gas cutting电弧切割, arc cutting等离子弧切割, plasma arc cutting(PAC)空气等离子弧切割, air plasmaarc cutting仿形切割, shape cutting数控切割, NC cutting碳弧气刨, carbon arc air gouging坡口切割, bevel cutting切割面质量, quality of cut face缺口,n

30、otch挂渣,adheringslag结瘤,dross周边焊 , around welding电弧偏吹, arc blow焊态,as-welded铜垫板,copper chill plate焊接熔池, weld pool焊接区,weld region送丝速度, wire feed speed反变形,backward deformation收缩变形, contractiondeformation翘曲变形, deflection deformation油漆 , Painting底漆 , primer painting, under coating中层漆 , intermediary paintin

31、g面漆 , finishing painting, top coating锌粉底漆硬化剂, curing agent,hardener溶剂 , solvent溶剂气化, solvent boiling稀释剂 , thinner环氧富锌漆, epoxy zinc richprimer磷化漆 , Phosphorized painting 沥青 , asphalt表面预处理, surfacepretreatment喷砂,sand blasting喷丸,shot blasting除锈,rust removal, derusting除漆,depainting脱脂,degreasing除氧化皮, sca

32、ling喷涂 , spray painting刷涂,brushing防锈,antirust辊涂,roller-painting电镀,electroplating镀锌,galvanized腻子,putty刮腻子 , puttying擦净,scouring晾干,airing嵌填,implant防滑面漆, finishing non-slip paint清漆,varnish防锈漆,rust preventive oil脱脂漆,antirust grease防锈纸,rust preventive paper搅拌,stirring条纹状涂层, stripe coating色素,pigment沉淀,sed

33、iment无空气喷漆, airless spray相对湿度, relative air humidity湿度计, moisture gauge,psychomotor粗躁度, profile roughness干膜厚度, dry film thickness(D.F.T)湿膜厚度, wet film thickness(W.F.T.)膜厚仪, film thickness gauge粘度计, viscosity meter露天 , open含水量 , moisture content混合比例, mixing ratio风向 , fan angle清洁度 , cleanliness覆盖度 , c

34、overage露点测量器, dew pointcalculation汽化 , flash off再喷涂最小间隔, minimumrecoating interval附着力试验, paint adherence test,cross-hatch test附着力 , adhesion密度,density起泡,blistering气泡,bubble气孔,blowhole针孔,pin hole起皱 , wrinkling, crumple凹坑,pitting流淌,running流挂,sagging起皮,peeling桔皮状 , orange peeling发黑, blackening泛黄, yello

35、wing开裂, cracking颜色和光泽不均匀, unevencolour & gloss涂层中夹灰和砂, retention ofdust &sand厚度不均匀, uneven thickness offilm露底, holiday剥落, peel off脱皮, spalling刷痕, brush mark渗色, bleeding自然老化, weathering飞漆, overspray漆渣, paint dregs油漆烧焦, burnt &charred paint褪色 , discolour; fading粉状表面, powdery surface污染, con

36、tamination鳞片, lamination刮痕, scratch堆积, accumulation混浊膜 , blushing烤焦, boiling粘附, sticks浪费油漆, over consumption ofpaint隐蔽部位, hidden past散布, scattered残余物,residues光泽, gloss均匀地,evenly尾状漆,tailing灰尘, dust锈 , rust干燥, drying油漆附着力强度值, paintingadherence strength value氧化皮 , oxide scale冷作 , cold work配作 , matching

37、 making对称制作, symmetrical排料,blank layout放样,lofting, layout展开,development号料,layout off胀形,bulging扩口,flaring ,expanding缩口,necking拱曲,arching放边,release side卷边,curling, crimping折边,hemming, folding翻边,flanging刨边,edge planning修边,trimming拔缘,side bending矫正、校形, correction,rectification矫直 , straightening, levelin

38、g校平,flattening划线,laying out切断,cutting打样冲眼, center-punching锯切,sawing錾削,chipping铲去,chips off压皱,corrugate锉削,filing堵孔,hole plugging出白, baring工件, work piece嵌补, inserting贴补, patching榫接, rabbet抛光, polishing机械加工, Machining,Mechanical working钳工加工, bench working砂纸打磨, sanding找正, centering配键, key fitting刮研, spo

39、tting-in,rescraping配研, running-in,facing-up毛刺, burr去毛刺, deburring无毛刺, out buss打磨修正, dress修磨光滑, dressed smooth滚花, knurling倒角, chamfering倒圆角 , sounding, filleting倒钝锐边, breaking sharpcorners ， rounding sharp edges车削 , turning rolls铣削,milling刨削,planning,shaping钻孔,drilling铰孔,reaming锪削,spotting镗削,boring插削

40、,slotting拉削,(pull) broaching推削,push broaching铲削,relieving,backing-off刮削,scraping磨削,grinding滚削,hobbing扩孔,counterboring, core drilling冲孔,punching, piercing,perforation钻中心孔, centering模具,die, mould力矩扳手, torque wrench铆接,riveting剪断,shearing锯断,sawing粘接,glued joint,adhesive-bonding热处理 , Heat treatment表面热处理,

41、 surface heattreatment固溶处理, solution heattreatment稳定化处理, stabilizing treatment水韧处理, water toughening渗碳,carburization,carburizing渗氮,nitriding磷化,phosphating硬化 , 强化 , hardening时效,ageing退火,annealing正火,normalizing淬火,quenching回火,tempering调质,quenching& tempering脱碳,decarbonization过烧,burning过热,overheatin

42、g冷脆,cold brittleness热 (红 )脆 , hot(red) shortness氢脆 , hydrogen embrittlement蓝脆,blue brittleness回火脆性, temper brittleness偏析,segregation白点,flake, white spot软点,soft spot晶粒,grain晶界,grain boundary断口,fracture总装 , general assembly零件装配, component assembly部件装配, subassembly配合,fit安装,erection, installation拆卸,disa

43、ssembly, dismantle磨擦,friction磨损,abrasion, wear润滑 , Lubrication集中润滑, central lubrication分散润滑, separate lubrication泄漏,leakage密封,seal填料函 （箱 ）, stuffing box填料,packing铸造 , Casting冒口,riser, feeder浇口,gate, sprue粘砂,burning-on砂眼,sand hole气眼,air pocket结瘤,heel多肉,metallic projections残缺,incompleteness冷隔,cold shu

44、t缩孔,shrinkage清砂,cleaning铸型,mold型芯,core铸件,casting锻造 , Forging锻件, forge piece成形, forming辊形, roll forming冲压, stamping, pressing,punching冲裁, 落料, blanking旋压,spinning滚压,rolling拉延,drawing拉拔 , drawing, draft轧制,rolling弯形,bending弯管,pipe bending卷园,edge coiling切口,lancing翻孔,hole flanging滚园,rolling circle下料,cropp

45、ing冲压件 , stamping回弹,spring-back展宽,spreading角裂,chink飞边,flash off连皮,wad, slug凸耳,earing隆起、堆积, piling, build-up烧损,scale (heating)loss缩孔,shrinkage cavity缺肉,underfill非金属夹杂, non-metallicinclusions折(重)叠, lap, overlap错差 , mismatch粉末冶金, Powdermetallurgy粉末冶金制品, powder product烧结结构零件, sintered structuralpart手提电脑

46、, notepad, laptop程序, program软盘, floppy disk软件,software光盘,CD-ROM病毒,virus杀毒,kill virus数码像机, digital camera容量, capacityCrane 起重机桥吊, quayside crane (R.M.Q.C)轮胎吊 , rubber tyred gantry crane(RTG)装船机, ship loader卸船机, ship unloader堆取料机, stacker-reclaimer前大梁, boom后大梁, girder立柱，支腿, leg海侧, seaside陆侧, landside上

47、横梁,upper beam下横梁,sill beam连接横梁, horizontal beam梯形架,A-frame, pylon大平衡梁,upper equalizer中平衡梁,intermediate equalizer小平衡梁,lower equalizer主动车架,driving bogie从动车架,driven bogie前拉杆,forestay后拉杆,backstay斜撑杆,diagonal bar机器房,machinery house司机室,operator's cab电器房,electrical room理货室,check's cab俯仰操纵室, boom ho

48、ist cab小车,trolley大车,gantry托缆小车, catenary trolley吊具,spreader上架,headblock电梯 , elevator吊钩横梁,hook beam辅助结构,auxiliary structure后置平台,rear platform倾转平台,trim / list / skew (T / L /5 ) platform上铰座, upper bracket下铰座, lower bracket防挂仓装置, snag load device锚定装置, anchor device顶轨装置, rail brake device防风系缆, tie down防

49、碰撞装置, bumper轨道夹钳, rail clamp吊具调整装置, trim, list & skewdevice安全钩 , boom latch, safe hook电缆卷筒, cable drum, cablewinder电缆拖令, festoon cable车挡 , stopper避雷针, lightning rod灭火器, fire extinguisher防摇装置, anti-sway device防跳装置, anti-bouncer防松装置, slack-preventingdevice起升滑轮, main hoist reel牵引滑轮, trolley travel reel俯仰滑轮, boom hoist reel出绳罩 , ropes outlet hood吊耳, lifting lug铰点, hinge隔板, diaphragm腹板, web盖板, flange纵向加筋, longitudinal fillet承轨梁 , track girder, rail beam 横梁 , transverse beam, cross beam伸缩梁 , telescopic beam吊具导板, flipper吊具转销, spreader twistlock梯子,ladder阶梯,