历年英语考研真题及答案

1、历年英语考研真题及答案【篇一：2010-2016 年历年考研英语真题+答案】tion i use of english section 1 use of englishdirections: read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on answer sheet 1. (10 points)in cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. it may

2、 involve not only his parents and his friends, _1_those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. a young man can _2_ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to _3_the marriage negotiations, or the young man s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in th

3、e selection. _4_, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. _5_ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _6_ a good family.the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly it lasted three days, _7_1980s it more commonl

4、y lasted a day and a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _8_ prayers of blessing. par-ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,_9_cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists, and _10_a candle around a circle of happily married andrespected couples to ble

5、ss the _11_. newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may_12_ with them up to a year, _13_they can build a new house nearby.divorce is legal and easy to _14_, but not common. divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval. each spouse retains _16_ property he or she_17_ into the m

6、arriage, and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally. divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice _19_up. the divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry _20_the woman must wait ten months.1.a. by way of b. with regard to c. on behalf of d. as well as 2.a. decide onb.

7、 provide forc. compete withd. adapt to 3.a. closeb. arrange c. renew d. postpone4 .a. in theory b. above all c. in timed. for example5 .a. unlessb. less c. after d. although6 .a. into b. within c. fromd. through7 .a. or b. sincec. butd. so8 .a. test b. copyc. recite d. create9 .a. folding b. piling

8、c. wrappingd. tying10 . a. passing b. lighting c. hiding d. serving11 . a. associationb. meeting c. collection d. union12 . a. deal b. partc. grow d. live13 . a. whereas b. untilc. ford. if14 . a. avoidb. follow c. challenge d. obtain15 . a. isolated b. persuadedc. viewed d. exposed16 . a. wherever

9、b. whatever c. whenever d. however17 . a. changedb. brought c. shapedd. pushed18 . a. invested b. dividedc. donated d. withdrawn19 . a. warmsb. clearsc. shows d. breaks20 . a. whileb. so that c. onced. in that section reading comprehensionpart adirections ： read the following four texts. answer theq

10、uestions after each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark youranswers on answer sheet 1. (40 points) text 1france ， which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. its lawmakers gave preliminary ap

11、proval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. the parliament also agreed to ban websites thatincite excessive thinness |by promoting extreme dieting.such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. they suggest beauty should not be defined by looks tha

12、t end up impinging on health. that s a start. and the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death-as some have done. it tells the fashionindustry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the so

13、cial tapemeasure they must use to determine their individual worth.the bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should lookto intangible qualities like character and intellec

14、t rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.the french measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change aculture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and boneshowing. under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body

15、mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem infocusing on material adornment and idealized body types. indenmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it istrying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images

16、that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.in contrast to france s actions, denmark s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. the newly reviseddanish fashion ethical charter clearly states:| we are aware ofand tak

17、e responsibility for the impact the fashion industry hason body ideals, especially on young peopleII . the charter ' smain tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to copenhagen fashion week (cfw), which is run by the danish fashion institute. but in general it r

18、elies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21 . according to the first paragraph

19、 ， what would happen in france?【 a】 physical beauty would be redefined.【 b】 new runways would be constructed.【 c】 websites about dieting would thrive.【 d 】 the fashion industry would decline.22 . the phrase impinging on | (line 2ara.2) is closest in meaning to【 a】 heightening the value of【 b 】 indic

20、ating the state of【 c】 losing faith in【 d 】 doing harm to23 . which of the following is true of the fashion industry？【 a】 the french measures have already failed.【 b】 new standards are being set in denmark.【 c】 models are no longer under peer pressure.【 d 】 its inherent problems are getting worse.24

21、 . a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for【 a】 pursuing perfect physical conditions【 b 】 caring too much about model s character.【 c 】 showing little concern for health factors【 d 】 setting a high age threshold for models.25 . which of the following may be the best title of the text?【 a】

22、 a challenge to the fashion industry s body ideals【 b 】 a dilemma for the starving models in france【 c】 just another round of struggle for beauty【 d 】 the great threats to the fashion industrytext 2for the first time in history more people live in towns than inthe country. in britain this has had a

23、curious result. while pollsshow britons rate | the【篇二：2013 年考研英语真题及答案（完整版）】icture d moment26 a for example b on average c in principle d above all27 a fond bfearful c capable d thoughtless28 a in b on c to d for29 a if buntil c though d unless30 a promote bemphasize c share d test31 a decision b qua

24、lity c status d success32 .a chosen bstupid cfound d identified33 .a exceptional b defensible c replaceable d otherwise34 .a inspired bexpressed c conducted d secured35 .a assigned brated c matched d arranged36 .a put bgot cgave d took37 .ainstead bthen c ever d rather38 .aselected bpassed c marked

25、d introduced39 .abefore b after c above d below40 .a jump b float c drop d fluctuate41 .aachieve bundo c maintain ddisregard42 . a promising b possible c necessary d helpful答案：1-5: adcab6-10: badda11-15: dcbdb16-20: cacbc答案详解：2013 年的完型填空是一篇选自经济学人名为a question ofjudgment 的文章。讲述的是有关判断的问题。这类文章出现在今年的考研真题

26、中，符合考研英语历年的出题形式。但是考生在没有掌握单词基本知识和解题技巧的情况下也会感到很困难。相较于 2012 年的完型来说，今年的考题适中。考查的词汇部分涉及到名词、动词、形容词和介词。其中，动词考查的频率最高，占完型部分考题的35% 。第 4、 7、 15 和 17 题考察了逻辑连接题，占完型题目的20% 。考生要在掌握上下文结构的基础上准确完成这类考题。其次，在文章考查点里有两处涉及到了后置定语的语法知识，即第 5 和第 10 题。一处是形容词加介词构成后置定语，一处是过去分词作后置定语，而这两点在跨考一阶的讲义中，各位语法老师已经跟考生们专门讲解过。后期陆陆续续的阅读和写作课里，也是

27、反复提到的语法点。遵循以往完型填空的结构形式，今年的考题仍然秉承了总分的结构。第一段引出话题并介绍dr. simonsohn 的观点。第二、三、四段具体介绍了dr. simonsohn 为证明理论采取的实验以及最后的发现。而且在文章第一句话就给出了整篇文章的中心主线 people are, onthe whole, poor at considering background information whenmaking individual decisions 。总之 2013 年的考题在日常强调的“单词加技巧等于高分”的解题方式下，定会被迎刃而解。1. 标准答案a 考点分析上下文语义和词汇

28、辨析 选项分析本题考查动词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除b 和d这句话中that引导一个定语从句，主要是说这一优势赋予了一种特定的能力。c中 transmit 为 传播，不符合上下文意思。2. 标准答案d 考点分析上下文语义 选项分析 which are unbiased 这个定语从句做插入语修饰judgment 。这句话的意思是“通过 xxx 因素作出公正判决的能力”，由此可以排除a 和 b 。做这一题时，我们需要理解第一句话，给我们提供了一个大的背景和条件。第一句话说“人们不擅长利用背景信息作决定”，所以可以推出这儿并不是“通过关键信息”来做出公正的判决，而是通过其它一些信息，如外部的信息

29、，作出判决。根据上下文意思，可以推出d为正确答案。3. 标准答案 c 考点分析 上下文语义和固定搭配选项分析 big picture 是一个固定搭配，指（事情的）主要部分；重点，故选a 。其它词语与big 搭配，均没有这层意思。4. 标准答案 a 考点分析 逻辑衔接题 选项分析 根据上下文的逻辑关系判断，在提出一个观点之后，接下来就是进行例证。选项中只有a 表示 “例如 ”，符合这一逻辑关系，故选 a 。 b 表示 “平均 ”的意思；c 为 “大体上，原则上”； d 为 “首先 ” ，均不符合。5. 标准答案 b 考点分析 上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析 这四个选项均可以与介词of 搭配， a

30、表示 “喜欢 ”，b表示 “害怕，恐怕”，c 表示 “能够，具有?能力”， d 表示 “轻率的，考虑不周的”。 of 后面的短语作judge 的定语，这句话意思是“ xxx地显得对犯罪太过软弱的法官可能更倾向于给被告作出判刑的判决”。根据上下文的意思，可以排除a 和 d 。而 “显得对犯罪太过软弱”显然不是某种能力，故可以排除c 选项。根据上下文意思，害怕显得过于软弱的法官，才会更倾向于作出较严厉的判决。故选b 。6. 标准答案 b 考点分析 介词搭配选项分析 soft on sb/sth 是一个固定搭配词组，表示“对某人/某事态度偏软，不够严厉”的意思，故选b 。7. 标准答案a考点分析逻辑

31、衔接题选项分析前半句含义是“一个担心自己会犯罪行为上表现的过分软弱的法官可能会判人入狱”，后半句含义是“当天他已经判五到六个人缓刑 ”两句间的逻辑关系明显为假设。a if 表示假设“如果 ”。 buntil 直到。才。“”。 c though “然而 ”，表转折。d unless“除非 ”，表让步。前半句是结果主句，后半句是一个假设条件，所以选 c8. 标准答案do考点分析上下文语义及动词辨析选项分析本句话是说要进行试验来验证观点。空格后的名词idea作宾语，对决定动词十分关键。动词意思应为“测试 ”。 a promote “促进 ”。 b emphasize “强调 ”。c share “分

32、享 ”。 d test 测试 “ ”。只有 d 选项和 “观点 ”搭配，符合语境。9. 标准答案do考点分析上下文语义及名词辨析选项分析本句话含义是讲其中一个申请者与其他申请在面试中的关系。申请者希望成功。a dec isioin 选择“ ”。 b quality 质量“ ”。 cstatus 身份“ ”。 d success “成功 ”。只有 d 项搭配，符合语境。10. 标准答案a。考点分析 后置定语选项分析本句意为测试中随机选出的其他申请者。a chosen “选出 ”。 b stupid “笨的 ”。 c found “发现 ”。 d identified 识别“ ”。只有 a 选项和

33、申请者搭配意为选出来的申请者，符合语境。11. 标准答案do考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析后半句开头的but 已经暗示了下文的连接词。内容上前半句意为一个申请者的面试成功和其他申请者没有关系，后半句意为西蒙森怀疑事实。明显是转折关系。a exceptional “例外的 ”。 bdefensible 可防御的“ ”。 c replaceable 可替换的 “”。 d otherwise“相反的 ”。只有 d 项可以表转折关系，所以选d。12. 标准答案co考点分析后置定语选项分析本句前半句是说西蒙森研究了面试者的结果，后半句含义是招生办官员。所以这里应该是招生办官员举行面试，后半句做后置定语。a

34、 inspire “鼓舞 ”。【篇三：2000-2015 年考研英语历年真题答案（英语一）】p class=txt>i cloze1 、 what 2 、 concluded3 、 on4 、 compared 5 、 samples 6 、insignificant 7 、 know8 、 resemble 9 、 also10 、 perhaps 11 、 to12 、 drive13 、 rather than14、 benefits 15 、 faster16 、 understand 17 、 contributory 18 tendency19、 ethnic 20 、 se

35、eii reading comprehensionpart a21 .d ended his reign in embarrassment.22 . c owing to the undoubted and respectable status23 . a the role of the nobility in modern democracy24 . b fails to change his lifestyle as advised.25 . d carlos, a lesson for all monarchies26 . c check suspects phone contents

36、without being authorized.27 .a disapproval28 .a getting into ones residence29 . c citizens privacy is not effectively protected30 .b new technology requires reinterpretation of theconstitution31 .b journals are strengthening their statistical checks32 .b marked33 . d set an example for other journal

37、s34 . c has room for further improvement35 .a science joins push to screen statistics in papers36 . d the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37 . a more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38 . c was hardly convincing39 . b generally distorted values40 . d moral awareness matte

38、rs in editing a newspaperpart b41 .c if you are unfamiliar.42 .e you make further inferences.43 .d rather ,we ascribe meanings to.44 .b factors such as.45 .a are we studying that .part c46 ）在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。47 ）美国是两种主要力量的产物 即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。48）但由于美国特

39、有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。49）在15 16 世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土 即当今的美国 的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。50）拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。iii writingpart adear club members,as the next reading session is scheduled to be launched intwo days, it s a great honor for me to take the opportunity to present yo

40、u a book worth reading the wealth of nations by adam smith.through reflection over economics at the beginning of industrial revolution, the writer haselaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at work with insightful conceptions and eloquent speeches. besides, the book has stood the test

41、 of time by repeated quotations and critical reviews from following researchers, exerting profound influences on anyone engaged in the field of capitalist market. i believe reading such a classical book from an authoritative writer will produce a life-eiching and thought-provoking effect for all clu

42、b members.yours sincerely, li ming part bas is depicted above, a number of young people are having a gathering of friends, but instead of talking with each other, each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. the lower part of the picture, we can see some chinese characters which read “ the m

43、eeting in mobile -phone era ”.undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at reminding us of the double edge of the cell phone. it is well known that thanks to the development of human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality. a case in point is the mobile phones. we must ad

44、mit that the smart phone indeed dramatically changes our life. however, if used improperly, the mobile phones also can bring unhealthy side-effects, and imperil face to face communication between people. it is not too much to say that being over-addicted to mobile phones willcost our health, wisdom,

45、 creativity, friendship and even ourability to live.2014 考研英语（一）真题答案解析答案： 1-5 abdca6-10 acbdc11-15 dabad16-20 bdccb1. 标准答案 a 考点分析 上下文语义和连词辨析 选项分析 本题考查连词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除bcd 。这句话中where 引导一个状语语从句，主要是说记不清把钥匙放在哪里了。2. 标准答案 b 考点分析 上下文语义和动词辨析 选项分析 as the brain 2 we refer to these occurrences assenior moments

46、 这句话的意思是“由于大脑2 我们称这些现象为“瞬间性老年痴呆”，由此可以排除a 和 c 。 dcollapse 意为：使倒塌，使崩溃，不符合题意。fades 考察熟词僻意，通常意思为褪色，逝去。还有衰老的意思，这里就考察是衰老的意思。从前文可以看出，文章讲的是随着年龄增长，大脑衰老。所以选b3. 标准答案 d 考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析 a if 表示假设“如果 ”。 b unless 除非，如果不“”。conce “一旦 ”。 dwhile ， “虽然，然而”表转折。这句话的意思是虽然表面上看起来没什么，但是危害很大，前后位转折关系，所以选 d。4. 标准答案 c 考点分析 上下文语义和

47、词汇辨析选项分析 这四个选项均为形容词，a 表示 “不均匀 ”，b 表示“有限的 ”，c 表示 “有破坏性的，损坏的”， d 表示 “模糊的，晦涩的 ”。这句话意思是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们带来? 的影响。根据上下文的意思，可以排除a 和 d 。而 “有限的影响”显然不足以表达危害的严重性，故可以排除b 选项。 c “带来有害的影响 ”最符合作者意图。5. 标准答案 a考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析 选项分析 本句话含义是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们的职业、社交还有个人? 带来有害的影响。a wellbeing 幸福“ ”。benvironment “环境 ”。 c relationship

48、关系 “ ”。 d outlook 展 “ 望 ” 。 and 连接若干名词，这些名词应该为同一类，职业、社交都是和个人相关，排除b 和 d ， c personal relationship 就是 social的意思，不能重复，选择a ，个人幸福。6. 标准答案 a 考点分析 固定搭配 选项分析 a it turns out that 原来，其实 “” 。 bit finds outthat “本文发现 ”。 c it points out that 指出 “”。d it figures out that 本文发现 “”。 it 代表神经科学，这句话的意思是越来越多的精神学家们都表示，大脑其

49、实跟肌肉一样需要练习运动。这里给出的是神经科学的结论，因此选择it turns out that7. 标准答案 c 考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析 选项分析 这四个选项均为名词。a roundabouts 迂回路线。bresponses回应。cworkouts锻炼，练习。dassociations 协会。 cworkouts 锻炼，练习与前文出现的exercise 都有“锻炼，练习”的意思，近义词复现，所以选c8. 标准答案 b 考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析 选项分析 这四个选项均为名词。agee 类型，种类。bfunctions 功能。 ccircumstances 情况，环境。dcrit

50、erion 批评判断的标准、准则。这句话的意思是正确的智力运动能极大地提高我们最基本的认知功能，根据语义，选择bfunctions 功能。9. 标准答案 d 考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析 选项分析 这四个选项均为名词。a channel 通道，频道。bcondition 条件。 csequence 顺序，序列。dprocess 过程，步骤。根据常识，思考是一个过程，并且通过脑神经相互接触来完成，其他选项表示渠道、序列、条件，均不符合常识。因此正确答案是表示过程的d 选项。这句话的意思是思考是大脑神经连接必要的过程。10. 标准答案 d 考点分析 上下文语义和动词辨析 选项分析 这四个选项均为

51、动词。a persist 坚持。 b believe 相信。 c excel 超过。 d feature 特色。本句句意，在某种程度来讲，我们在进行神经连接（直接影响人的聪明程度）方面的特殊能力是与生俱来的。excel 有超过擅长的意思，表示在某个方面出众，放在此处符合题意，因此正确答案为b 。11. 标准答案 d 考点分析 逻辑衔接题 选项分析 本题需要的是一个副词，而且位于句首，因此考察的是句关系。通过前后句意义来定答案，前一句强调的是智力是与生俱来的 （inherited） ，而后一句则认为是可以通过脑力活动（mentaleffort） 会有所波动，两句意义明显相反，故正确答案为d ho

52、wever12. 标准答案 a 考点分析 上下文语义和短语辨析 选项分析 本题并不难，可以理解为：智力可以? 脑力活动得到提升或出现波动。bregardless of “不管，不顾 ”不合逻辑。capartfrom '除？之外”也不合适。dinstead of代替”明显不符。故a为 正确答案。13. 标准答案 b 考点分析 上下文语义和固定搭配 选项分析 本题考察的是固定搭配：take a step ? ，能搭配只有a和c,分别指 采取进一步措施”和让到一边去; 无论从逻辑上还是从句意上都是a 符合。14. 标准答案 a 考点分析 上下文语义和词汇辨析 选项分析 本题考察的是动宾搭配：improve and regain sb smental ? ，再根据前文一直在讲如何提高“智力”，因此可以排除a（模式）和b（稳定性），c（灵活性）和d（锋利性，尖锐性）容易混淆，c 有一定的干扰性，但