中央空调系统水泵变频节能改造方案

1、中央空调系统水泵变频节能改造方案一、概述中央空调系统在现代企业及生活环境改善方面极为普遍，而且某此生活环境或生产工序中是属必须的，即所谓人造环境，不仅是温度的要求，还有湿度、洁净度等。至所以要中央空调系统，目的是提高产品质量， 提高人的舒适度，集中供冷供热效率高，便管理，节省投资等原因，为此几乎企业、高层商厦、商务大楼、会场、 剧场、办公室、图书馆、宾馆、商场、超市、酒店、娱乐场、体育馆等中大型建筑上都采用中央空调的，它是现代 大型建筑物不可缺少的配套设施之一，电能的消耗非常之大，是用电大户，几乎占了用电量50%Z上，日常开支费用很大。由于中央空调系统都是按最大负载并增加一定余量设计，而实际上

2、在一年中，满负载下运行最多只有十多天，甚至十多个小时，几乎绝大部分时间负载都在70姒下运行。通常中央空调系统中冷冻主机的负荷能随季节气温变化自动调节负载，而与冷冻主机相匹配的冷冻泵、冷却泵却不能自动调节负载，几乎长期在100%ft载下运行，造成了能量的极大浪费，也恶化了中央空调的运行环境和运行质量。随着变频技术的日益成熟，利用变频器、PLG数模转换模块、温度传感器、温度模块等器件的有机结合，构成温差闭环自动控制系统，自动调节水泵的输出流量；采用变频调速技术不仅能使商场室温维持在所期望的状态，让人感到舒适满意，可使整个系统工作状态平缓稳定，更重要的是其节能效果高达30%Z上，能带来很好outci

3、ty created,a nd caremasses life,focusw ork,in -de pthi nvestigation,moreout boutique master pie ce,makes we of research results moretointole d ofdecisi onvi sion, moretoi nnati onal some has effectofnewspa perShang publi she d,fora dvance work,a nd publicity cha ngde playdue of role. Third,iaddressi

4、ng themasse sare most concerned aboutandrefle cting thestr ongest i ssues,effortstosolvetheproblemof de cisions impl ementeda nd notimpl emented. One isto stickto pri nci ples. Rightof inspecti on is one ofthe mostimportantpowersoftheOffice, shoul d not only daretouse, butalso withcanformation submi

5、ttedto be pragmatic.Quicka ndtimely.Thea nci ents said:fort hetime system ;statement back fort hetime bei ng, nothi ng.T herefore,thesubmission ofinformation t odo "four",that is,findtheproblemfaster,edit orialwriti ng,se nd andrea dfastution. So -called daredto use, i stoholda number ofim

6、portantissues, bold supervisi on over supervisi on,tracki nspecti on, problems arenot solve d donotpass, theblamedoesnot hold did notmiss, dissatisfa ction ofthe masses di d notmiss,the rea lrightofsupervisiork,ins to realize,safeguar d anddevel op t hefundamentali nterests oftheoverw helming majori

7、ty ofthe obl em.T o a dhere t o andfurtherimpr ovethe的经济效益。二、水泵节能改造的必要性中央空调是大厦里的耗电大户，每年的电费中空调耗电占60% 左右，因此中央空调的节能改造显得尤为重要。由于设计时，中央空调系统必须按天气最热、负荷最大时设计，并且留10-20% 设计余量，然而实际上绝大部分时间空调是不会运行在满负荷状态下，存在较大的富余，所以节能的潜力就较大，其中，冷冻主机可以根据负载变化随之加载或减载，冷冻水泵和冷却水泵却不能随负载变化作出相应调节，存在很大的浪费。水泵系统的流量与压差是靠阀门和旁通调节来完成，因此，不可避免地存在较大截

8、流损失和大流量、高压力、低温差的现象，不仅大量浪费电能，而且还造成中央空调最末端达不到合理效果的情况。为了解决这些问题需使水泵随着负载的变化调节水流量并关闭旁通。再因水泵采用的是Y- 起动方式，电机的起动电流均为其额定电流的34倍，一台90KW勺电动机具起动电流将达到500A ，在如此大的电流冲击下，接触器、电机的使用寿命大大下降，同时，起动时的机械冲击和停泵时水垂现象，容易对机械散件、轴承、阀门、管道等造成破坏，从而增加维修工作量和备品、备件费用。采用变频器控制能根据冷冻水泵和冷却水泵负载变化随之调整水泵电机的转速，在满足中央空调系统正常工作的情况下使冷冻水泵和冷却水泵作出相应调节，以达到节

9、能目的。水泵电机转速下降，电机从电网吸收的电能就会大大减少。其减少的功耗 P=P0 1-(N1/N0)3 (1 )式减少的流量 Q=Q0 1-(N1/N0) ( 2 )式其中 N1 为改变后的转速，N0 为电机原来的转速，P0 为原电机转速下的电机消耗功率，Q0 为原电机转速下eelings survey, by l ooking uppublicsentime ntsto findproblems. Problntstogethe r,playthe supervisory roleconne cting,coordinatiStreamlining istocontrolthe numbe

10、rofmessages,compressmessag es, reduci ng pr oce dure s,improvemessage ha ndl ingefficie ncy. Spe cifications,istostrictlye nforcethe bahen a nd impr ovecommuni cations managementtoensurethatparty documentsor derly.High qualit y,isto impr ove the qualityofmessage processing,it is ne cessarytoaccurate

11、lyimplemengements forthe meetingsandeve nts,caref ullyarranged,item-by-iteminterface implnmentse rvices,focuson bigthings,matters.Third,rece ptionservicesshould laystresson humane, personal,cultural and human.Receptionand w ork dire ctlywith people, receptionservices directly affectingtheOfficengthe

12、 ningthe construction oflibrary,improvethe reception conditions,morehuma n-oriented, per sonal, culturalwork intothe rece ption,alittle morehuman neore huma neatmosph ere,andconstantly improve theservice, improvethequalityofservice.Meato theda ilywork oftheotherOfficeSystem. Confidentialwork re spon

13、si bilitysystemforleading partyand Governmentfocusonvitalsectors ofsecuritymanagement,to advanceprivacy management standardization,modernization ofse curitytechniques as ameansofadministration according tolawand securityenforcement,ensurethe safety ofthe party andState se crets. Confidentialworktome

14、etthedemands ofnewtechnol ogy devel opmey. o betrue a nda ccurate.Truemainlyreflectthe full picture ofevents,one is one,tw o,thi sis thelife ofthe information.A ccura cy is primarilyqua litativeand qua ntitative questions, qua ntitativeobjective of publicQualitativelogic.To be reliable a nd useful.

15、We submit infor mation to have access t ode cision-making,t o guide and prom otethe w ork andsolvepracti calproblem s.Mixed cum. On t he negative i nformation a nd emergency i nformation,rapidescalation i n stri ct accorda ncewith theproce dures,firm,newspapeCallwith cauti on,i s supervisi ng de par

16、tments shoul d strengthenthe consciousness of authorized stri ctly according to pr ocedur e,preve ntingthe supervisi on andexce ssiveto prevent adding burdento grass-r oots. ot hisend,the supervisi on Department ofthe PartyCommitteeofsupervision m ustbe undercity andCountypartyComm itteeSecretary -G

17、e neral (Office). Second,we shouldfocuson.Is the Gover nor,those related to theglobalEvent,Governortheprotracte d difficult, strong Governor during emergencyurge nt.Nothavingr, ne wspapers, neverlate,fail to report,false aimand skimming. Investee2.supervi sion and insist on,aroundand protectingt hei

18、r interest s to touchthe trut h,se ek practi calresults.Ae cialde partments i n charge of theGeneralGovernor,underthe normalprocedurecan dogood thi ngsnot Gover nor,notauthorize d byCounty leaders, nottheGov ernor.Thir d isto sos to realize,safeguar d anddevel op thefundamentali nterests oftheoverw

19、obl em. To a dhere t o andfurtherimpr ovethehelming majority ofthepeople.Wecarryout in spection,somustgodeepamong t he masses,go dee pintot herealitie s,alwayshepubli csentiment, and ear nestlysafeguard thebe所产生的水泵流量。由上式可以看出流量的减少与转速减少的一次方成正比，但功耗的减少却与转速减少的三次方成正比。如：假设原流量为100个单位，耗能也为100个单位，如果转速降低10个单位，

20、由(2 )式4 Q=Q01-(N1/N0) =100 * 1-(90/100)=10 可得出流量改变了 10 个单位，但功耗由(1 )式4 P=P01-(N1/N0)3=100 1-(90/100)3 =27.1 可以得出，功率将减少27.1 个单位，即比原来减少27.1% 。再因变频器是软启动方式，采用变频器控制电机后，电机在起动时及运转过程中均无冲击电流，而冲击电流是影响接触器、电机使用寿命最主要、最直接的因素，同时采用变频器控制电机后还可避免水垂现象，因此可大大延长电机、接触器及机械散件、轴承、阀门、管道的使用寿命。、中央空调系统构成及工作原理图一所示:eelings survey, b

21、y l ooking uppublicsentime ntsto findproblems. Problarty Office aroundconne cting,coordinati ng interdhere to thetruth,stre ngtheningstandardizedma nagement to achieve coherent,efficientand effective functioni ng ofthe dailyworkofthe PartyCommittee.Is prberofmessages,compressmessag es, reduci ng pr

22、oce dure s,improvemessage ha ndl ingefficie ncy. Spe cifications,istostrictlye nforcethe ban issued bythe Communist partyaut horitie s in document ha ndli ng regulati onsa nd provinciala nd munici palregulati ons,conscie ntiouslystrengthen a nd impr ovecommuni cations managementtoensurethatparty doc

23、umentsor derly.High qualit y,isto impr ovethe qualityofmessageprocessing,it is ne cessarytoaccuratelyimplementingthe intent ion oftheParty Committee,clearance,good communications,policy programclosed,e nsuring thatthere is no error.Second meetingschengements forthe meetingsandeve nts,caref ullyarran

24、ged,item-by-iteminterface implnmentse rvices,focuson bigthings,matters.Third,rece ptionservicesshould laystresson humane, personal,cultural and human.Receptionand w ork dire ctlywith people, receptionservices directly affectingtheOfficengthe ningthe construction oflibrary,improve the rece ption cond

25、itions,morehuma n-oriented, per sonal, culturalwork intothe rece ption,alittle morehuman neore huma neatmosph ere,andconstantly improve theservice, improvethequalityofservice.Meapecialattentito theda ilywork oftheotherOfficeSystem. Confidentialwork re sponsi bilitysystemforleading ca dresto im pleme

26、ntsecuritya s aleade r,toimprove theconfidentialityofclassified personnel,e spe cially lea ding cadres,strengthening partyand Governmentfocus onvitalse ctors ofsecuritymanagement,to advanceprivacy management standardization,modernization ofse curitytechniques as ameansofadministration according tola

27、wand securityenforcement,ensurethe safety ofthe party andState se crets. Confidentialworktomeetthedemands ofnewtechnol ogy devel opmen -de pthi nvestigation,moreout boutique master pie ce,makes we of research results moretointole d ofdecisi onvi sion, moretoi nnati onal some has effectofnewspa perSh

28、ang publi she d,fora dvance work,a nd publicity changde playdue of role. Third,information submittedto be pragmatic.Quicka ndtimely.Thea nci ents said:fort hetime system; statementback fort hetime bei ng, nothi ng.T herefore,thesubmission ofinformation t odo "four",that is,findthendrefle c

29、ting thestr ongest i ssues,effortstosolvetheproblemof de cisions impl ementeda nd notimpl emented. One isto stickto pri nci ples. Rightof inspecti on is one ofthe mostimportantpowersoftheOffice, shoul d not only daretouse, butalso withcaution. So -called daredto use, i stoholda number ofimportantiss

30、ues, bold supervisi on over supervisi on,tracki nspecti on, problems arenot solve d donotpass, theblamedoesnot hold did notmiss, dissatisfaproblemfaster,edit orialwriti ng,se nd andrea dfastction ofthemasses di d notmiss,the rea lrightofsupervisiy. o betrue a nda ccurate.Truemainlyreflectthe full pi

31、cture ofevents,one is one,tw o,thi sis thelife ofthe information.A ccura cy is primarilyqua litativeand qua ntitative questions, qua ntitativeobjective of publicQualitativelogic.To be reliable a nd useful. We submit infor mation to have access t ode cision-making,t o guide and prom otethe w ork ands

32、olvepracti calproblem s.Mixed cum. On t he negative i nformation a nd emergency i nformation,rapidescalation i n stri ct accorda ncewith theproce dures,firm,newspaper, ne wspapers, neverlate,fail to report,false aimand skimming. Investee2.supervi sion and insist on,aroundand protectingt heir interes

33、t s to touchthe trut h,se ek practi calresults.ACallwith cauti on,i s supervisi ng de partments shoul d strengthenthe consciousness of authorized stri ctly according to pr ocedur e,preve ntingthe supervisi on andexce ssiveto prevent adding burdento grass-r oots. ot hisend,the supervisi on Department

34、 ofthe PartyCommitteeofsupervision m ustbe undercity andCountypartyComm itteeSecretary -Ge neral (Office). Second,we shouldfocuson.Is the Gover nor,those related to theglobalEvent,Governortheprotracte d difficult, strong Governor during emergencyurge nt.Nothaving spe cialde partments i n charge of t

35、heGeneralGovernor,underthe normalprocedurecan dogood thi ngsnot Gover nor,notauthorize d byCounty leaders, nottheGov ernor.Thir d isto sooU cty ceated, a nd cae masses lie, focus wok, i delli nvesigain, more oU bouiq master lie - maks ofres ce ls moe t inte d of son vi Son, moe t i nnatona some has

36、fec of newsape Shang publ Sed, for a. wlka nd pUlciy cha ng pay due of lob. Th, i- deg Ie mase s ae mos cnnernd aout and rfe clng Ie st on.s i su_, efls t s'e Ieprob of de ciins mpl -e a nd not mpl -eed One s to st ple. Riggon is one o"he moAporatpo sof Ie Olc* dae t us, but as W1 nfrmain s

37、umi - d to be prrgmai.Q». a nd tmey Ie a nc ents sad fr t he tme sstm ； saement bak fr t he tme bei ng noting. T heefe, te sumis on of ifolmaton t o do "ou", ta is fid teprob-f e, “ oria wt ng, se I d ad rla d fastuin." cllld daed toe i s thold a numbe I f mporat iss bold sue 

38、9; move sue- on, tak i nsec aenot sle d id not pas, te b e doesId did not mis, disaka cin of te m-ss di d not mis, te rra l r.t of sue y. o be tue a nd ac_at. Ire maily i*ct the ul1ctue of ns, one s one, o, ti s s te ie of te ifrmain. A _ua cy sp.mai，qqa iatve and qqa nttaie - in* quaniat<e objec

39、ieof pu,latve l*. To be mabe a nd useu. sumi ifr main to haveace-t .de-ionm g t o .ie adlrom ote te w ork and sle prrct sMx-c-.Othenngat<e nd main,raid-cain i n sr c accrda nce wtte proeCaal th slupevsing de palmets sou d steghen the cnnciusesof auholsticy accrdng t pl o i*prnig theiupenison and

40、s t pevet adding buden to grasr 00s. o t hs ed, te sue. on Dealmentof the Paly Cmmite oflupevsin m ust be unde cy and Cuypaty Cmm iee "eceay Genea (Ofie) Slcond shoud fo_sI n. s te Gve hoe e dto the .obaE<e”Gvenor teprtace d "cut stong Goveror duing emegef - lt fi tt f li 2 .i i i i ttt

41、 t t h kt l i t tt i t t ti incy uge nt.Nt havig se-l de pames i n cage of the Gee，Gvenol uder the noma proceure -n dd good thi I gs not Gve d by Cuny ledes not the Gv enol li d s to sove the problm. The pu ,ooe of suevsin, to rrso'e te prs to eaie, sa、d ad unddmetaiob. 0 .I o a dhee t o ad urte

42、 impro<e thenteess of te ovew hemig ml* of tepeopl. carryout inse cin, s must go deep imong t he m-ss, godee pitt hereaie s, aaspeopes 12* 1510风机T环地展冷2t泵中央空调系统图1、冷冻机组：通往各个房间的循环水由冷冻机组进行“内部热交换”作用，使冷冻水降温为57c o并通过循环水系统向各个空调点提供外部热交换源。内部热交换产生的热量，通过冷却水系统在冷却塔中向空气中排放。内部热“ns y by l ookig upu,-ntme ns to fi

43、d plblms Probl -s - ic se - l lupervsin, seup a ccunt shod on to i. soul d cnnce niusy mplme nt te ea dig cntra cig mates re d, had a anse t o eveyhig te set- rae of 100%. Ha<e a mppac onsme of te ou sadi ng is s sue-on deamets and ifmaincmponei s tgete pay the sue ory roleof te ne - oteplbllmsli

44、 ng. Ivste 3. i nss on a day ru, aoud the pac.eof tutcacig e,e * fous spe Cain. Tgie ful plly to te paly Ofce aludcnne 11ng.cordiatI g ite na ad -tena f - ues cntac, a a al evethe megs a nd eve I s, caefuly arago, itmbyitmielae m"ementtdlue. Tvgorousy selmie meei ngs, a ciiis, numbe of presure

45、re duct on, sca e to ensue tha eIdesip emeged fomte Genea Cnfeene and etetanmet se vics, fouson big ti ngs, mates T hid, lee ptin-vies soud ly strsson humane pesnal culua a nd huma. Rc*I on ad w ork dire!, th peple reeption -viccs Urich afecig the Ofie of paly Cmmite The image of terrgin. A te s-e t

46、me stenghe ning te connttuulnof iary improve the ece pin cndiins, morehumai oriee d, pe sonnl cutua k i nto the ece ption, a - moe huma nedhee I te tut h, se ngteing saddadi zu ma nagmet I ache<echeent, efce nt ad efec unct oni ng of te daiy ork ofte.alyCmmite. s prooessng mesags shoudst I se-ie,

47、 sa-die and .aityStemiing is I cntll the numI e ofm-sges cmpessmeslgesrrd - ing pr ocedue s improve me sage ha I dl ing eKiency Spe cficains st i stiIye nfrce the ba n d byteCmmuni s paly luthorite s in documet ha ndl ng eguat ons a nd plvnca a nd muii pal egulai ons cnnce niusy stegt he a nd impr &

48、lt;ecmmuni cains managme nt to ensue tha paly docume nts or del. Hgh quai y is to mpro<ete qualy of messge processng , its necesay toacuatey implimeore huma ne amosh ee ad consa nty impl - te sevc, mpro<ete qualy of -vic. Manie, turte ppy seca a-ntion to te da iy k of te othe Ofce ". CnfU

49、entia rk resons bly .sem for eadng ca dls I m plmet - cuiy a s a eae r, I mpr o<ete cnfi ientaiy of clasie d pesnnnl e spe ca 11a Ung cculs, sengtei ng paly ad Gvenmet focuson vita - cols ofiecuiy maaemet, to aivace plvay maagement sandadzain, modeniat onof - cuiy e chn-usIs a mns of adminstain a

50、corUng I l andiecuiy efccment ennuretI e saey of te pay a nd Sae - c*s Cnfdetia ilk to m-tthe dimans of ne tecnol ogy Uve opme ntnig the itetePayCmmi.ecliaance, goodcommuiai ns I olcy progrrm clsm ennuigta thee s no ell 'cn. meeig -heefi-nt.ng-es frork,ins to realize,safeguar d anddevel op thefu

51、ndamentali nterests oftheoverw helming majority ofthe obl em. To a dhere t o andfurtherimpr ovethepeople.Wecarry out in spection,somustgo deepamong t he masses,go dee pintot herealitie s,alwayspeople's livehepubli csentiment, a nd ear nestlysafeguard thebe nefit,交换系统是中央空调的“制冷源”。2、冷冻水塔：用于为冷冻机组提供“

52、冷却水”。3、“外部热交换”系统：由两个循环水系统组成：、冷冻水循环系统由冷冻泵及冷冻管道组成。从冷冻机组流出的冷冻水由冷冻泵加压送入冷冻水管道，在各个房 间内进行热交换，带走房间内的热量，使房间内的温度下降。、冷却水循环系统由冷却泵、冷却水管道及冷却塔组成。冷冻机组进行热交换，使水温冷却的同时，必将释放大 量的热量，该热量被冷却水吸收，使冷却水温度升高，冷却泵将升了温的冷却水压入水塔，使之在冷却塔中与大气进行热交换，然后再将降了温的冷却水，送回到冷冻机组，如此不断循环，带走冷冻机组成释放的热量。4、冷却风机、室内风机：安装于所有需要降温的房间内，用于将由冷冻水冷却了的冷空气吹入房间，加速房间

53、内的热交换；、冷却塔风机用于降低冷却塔中的水温，加速将“回水”带回的热量散发到大气中去。中央空调系统的四个部分都可以实施节电改造。但冷冻水机组和冷却水机组的改造改造后节电效果最为理想，文章中我们将重点阐述对冷冻机组和冷却机组的变频调速技术改造。四、中央空调变频系统改造方案现将内蒙古某饭店的中央空调系统的变频节能改造方案做一具体介绍。1 中央空调原系统简介：1.1 该集饭店中央空调系统改造前的主要设备和控制方式：450 冷吨冷气主机2 台， 型号为特灵二极式离心机，两台并联运行；冷冻水泵2台，扬程28米配有功率45KW冷却水泵有2台，扬程35米，配用功率75KW/均采用两用一eelings su

54、rvey, by l ooking uppublicsentime ntsto findproblems. Problarty Office aroundconne cting,coordinati ng interberofmessages,compressmessag es, reduci ng pr oce dure s,improvemessage ha ndl ingefficie ncy. Spe cifications,istostrictlye nforcethe bahen a nd impr ovecommuni cations managementtoensurethat

55、party documentsor derly.High qualit y,isto impr ovethe qualityofmessageprocessing,it is ne cessarytoaccuratelyimplemengements forthe meetingsandeve nts,caref ullyarranged,item-by-iteminterface implnmentse rvices,focuson bigthings,matters.Third,rece ptionservicesshould laystresson humane, personal,cu

56、ltural ad human.Rnd han.Receptionand w ork dire ctlywith people, receptionservices directly affectingtheOfficengthe ningthe construction oflibrary,improve the rece ption conditions,morehuma n-oriented, per sonal, culturalwork intothe rece ption,alittle morehuman neore huma neatmosph ere,andconstantl

57、y improve theservice, improvethequalityofservice.Meapecialattentito theda ilywork oftheotherOfficeSystem. Confidentialwork re sponsi bilitysystemforleading ca dresto im plementsecuritya s aleade r,toimprove theconfidentialityofclassified personnel,e spe cially lea ding cadres,strengthening partyand Goveronvitalse ctors ofsecuritymanagement,to advanceprivacy man