(名师整理)最新中考英语“新冠”专题《重要词汇及阅读理解》考点精练(含答案)

1、2020 新型冠状病毒英语必考知识点总结重点词汇新型冠状病毒：novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) /k ?,r ?un? vai ?r ?s/肺炎： pneumonia /nju ?m?ni ?/新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎：pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus / novelcoronavirus-caused pneumonia感染： be infected with确诊病例：confirmed case疑似病例：suspected case重症患者：patient in criticalcondition病死率：fatali

2、ty rate密切接触者：close contact接受医学观察：be under medical observation隔离：quarantine / ?kw?r ?nti ?n/解除隔离： be discharged潜伏期：incubation / ?kju ?be?n/ period老年人：elderly people治愈： a lready cured人传人：human-to-human transmission飞沫传播：droplet / ?dr ?pl ?t/ transmission发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难：fever, cough and difficulty in breathi

3、ng急性呼吸道感染病状：acute / ?kju ?t / respiratory / r ?sp?r ?tri / infection symptom输入性病例：imported case * 输入性病例：指来自疫情流行区的病例，也称一代病例二代病例：secondary infection case* 二代病例：指被一代病例感染的本土病人隐性感染：asymptomatic / ?e?s?mpt?m?t?k/ infection * 隐性感染：指感染了病毒，但无明显症状的病例疫情防控：epidemic / ?ep?dem?k/ prevention and control口罩： (face)

4、mask体温计：thermometer防护服：protective clothing /suits护目镜：goggles一次性手套：disposable gloves医学检查：m edical inspectionmedical supplies疫苗： vaccine国际关注的突发公共卫生事件：Public Health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC)封城： the lockdown of a city / a city is on lockdown应急医院：makeshift hospital重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应：first-lev

5、el public health emergency response国家卫生健康委员会：National Health Commission (NHC)卫生主管部门：health authorities相关知识点1. “冠状病毒”与“新型冠状病毒“英文怎么说？coronavirus /k ?ron ?va?r ?s / 冠状病毒这个词，可分解为两部分：corona：冠状物(我们所说的 “日冕”与 “光圈”，也是这个词)virus ：病毒【例句1】Now， the fatal infectious disease caused by "Coronavirus" is cal

6、led as "ChinesePneumonia"现在，由于“冠状病毒”所引起的致命性传染病，在网络上被称之为“中国肺炎”。2】Before this outbreak, six coronaviruses had been identified in humans. Four causedrelatively mild cold-like symptoms while the other two, Sars and Middle Eastrespiratory syndrome （Mers）, can be fatal.此次疫情爆发之前，已知的人类冠状病毒有6 种。四种引

7、起相对轻度的类似感冒症状，而另外两种非典和中东呼吸综合征（MERS可能致命。）2. “新型冠状病毒“英文怎么说？“新型冠状病毒”的英文是 novel coronavirus这里的 novel 不是“小说”而是一个形容词，表示“新型的”比如 a novel feature （新特性）3. 其他常用词汇解析 fatal / ?fe ?tl /： a. 致命的；毁灭性的；灾难性的（对于目前的状况来看，这的确是很丧的一个词儿！） infectious disease/ ?n?fek ?s d ?zi ?z / ：传染病infectious / ?n?fek ?s / ： a. 传染的 由 infect

8、 （ v. 传染；感染）+ ious （形容词后缀）构成+ fect （做） 构成infect / ?n?fekt /： v. 传染；感染由 in （进入，使。） 咱可以想一下儿：传染或感染，不正是有害物质或病毒，侵入体内，对健康的肌体做坏事儿进行破坏吗？infection / ?n?fek ?n / ： n. 传染 由 infect + -ion （名词后缀）构成 pneumonia/ nu ?mo?n? / n. 肺炎这个词，是由pneumon- （肺）+ -ia （疾病名词后缀）构成4. 冠状病毒的传播途径 the air by coughing and sneezing 经由空气传播，

9、比如咳嗽、打喷嚏 close personal contact, such as touching or shaking hands通过人与人之间的近距离接触传播，比如触摸或者握手 touching an object or surface with the virus通过触摸物品或感染病毒的用品表面传播，原因在于没洗手就触摸嘴、鼻和眼睛 rarely, fecal contamination 比较少见的，是通过粪便传染5、如何预防“冠状病毒” Clean hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub.用肥皂或者用含酒精的洗手液洗手。

10、Cover nose and mouth when coughing and sneezing with tissue or flexed elbow.咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用面巾纸或屈肘捂住口鼻。避免跟有感冒或避免在未加防护的情况 Avoid close contact with anyone with cold or flu-like symptoms.流感症状的人密切接触。 Thoroughly cook meat and eggs. 将肉类和鸡蛋彻底煮熟。 Avoid unprotected contact with live wild or farm animals.下接触野生动物或家畜。

11、一、完形填空（ 10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分）先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案As the saying goes, “ A hero is known in the time of misfortune （不幸）”. ZhongNanshan is a hero like this. He is a doctor in Guangdong, who1manypeople s lives in 2003.In 2003, SARS 2 in Guangdong. Later, it spread across Chin

12、aandother parts of the world. Patients coughed a lot and got fevers. Hundreds of 3 even died from the disease. Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated patients. So everyone was afraid of it. But Zhong was 4 enough to fight the disease. Zhong spent days and nights to find the cause 5

13、the disease. And with his way of treating, many patients began to get better. Zhong finally won people s trust.In early 2020, a disease called Novel coronavirus pneumonia （新型冠状病毒肺炎） hit Wuhan. It spread 6 around tens of thousands of Chinese peoplewere infected （ 感 染 ）. Zhong, 84, led7team to Wuhan t

14、o fightthe illness. Zhong s team took many measures to cure the patients with Novel coronavirus pneumonia. He advised people to wear masks,8handsfrequently（ 频繁地 ）, stay at home and not to go to crowedplaces.Zhong likes sports very much. 9 he was 67, he could still play basketball. Now at the age of

15、84, Zhong still treats patients in the hospital and 10 young doctors. “ I am just a doctor. ” Zhong says. But we think he is a hero and a fighter.1. A. helpedB. savedC. likedD. in fluenced2. A. took outB. found outC. gave outD. broke out3. A.patientsB.adults4. A.kindB. poorsilent5. A.withB. toD. in6

16、. A.quicklyB.slowlyckily7. A.myB. hisD. their8. A.weighB.polluteash9. A.WhenB.Although10. A.thinksB.trustsC. animalsD. birdsC. braveD.C. ofC. safelyD. luC. herC. shakeD. wC. UnlessD. BecauseC. teachesD. asks阅读下文，从每小题所给的A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。In late January ， a donation of masks and thermometers f

17、rom the Japan YouthDevelopment Association in Tokyo to Hubei Province caused a stir on Chinese social media .This was because of the powerful poeti c message written on each box: “山川异域，风月同天。”.It literally translates to “ Mountains and rivers on foreign land windand moon under the same sky. ” or offi

18、cially, “ Lands apart, sky shared ” Besides the heartfelt regard and the elegant language, the quote also alluded a significant moment in the history of cultural exchange between the two countries.The line comesf rom a seventh century Buddhist hymnb y prince Nagaya, a politician from the Nara period

19、 ( 710-794)of Japan, titled “ Embroidered on Kasaya Robes forgood Karma” : Lands apart ， sky shared. For the disciples of Buddha, to nurture good karma .The hymn was embroidered on 1,000 Buddhist robes which Prince Nagaya had made and sent to the Tang court in China. It' s a part of his invitati

20、on for Chinese Buddhist monks to visit Japan. The poem was also Included In the Complete Tang Poems. the largest existing collection of Tang poetry.Inspired by the Prince s hymn, Jianzhen, decided to go on a voyage to Japan. After six attempts and the loss of his eyesight, Jianzhen finally arrived,

21、and made a significant contribution to the spread of Buddhism in Japan.The reference does not only invoke shared history ,but also mutual appreciation for ancient poetry in the Chinese language. Many in china were touched by the poetic expression of support from Japanese citizens during the COVID-19

22、 outbreak.1、 Why did the donation cause a stir?A、 Because it came from JapanB、 Because it was donated to Hubei provinceC、 Because of the poetic message on boxes 。D、 Because it was from china 。2、“ Lands apart, sky shared. ” expresses a lotEXCEPT.A、 the heartfelt regardB、 the elegant languageC the sig

23、nificant moment in the historyD Japan s love for Chinese culture 3 Who wrote the poem " Embroidered on Kasaya Robes for Good Karma"?A A poet from ChinaB A poet of JapanC A monk from ChinaD | A politician of Japan4 What does“ the reference ” refer to in the last paragraph?A For the disciple

24、s of buddha to nurture good karma.B The Complete Tang Poems.C The largest existing collection of Tang poetry.D Lands apart ， sky shared.5 What can we know from Paragraph 4 and v 5?A The poem was embroidered on 10,000 Buddhist robesB Jianzhen was inspired by the prince s hymn and decided to be a trav

25、elerC The poem was included in the largest existing collection of Tang poetry.D After six attempts and the loss of his hearing,Jianzhen finally arrived in Japan.（ 10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分）先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案疫情逐渐好转，离不开国家研发和使用的一些高科技设备。比如可以送餐的机器人，远程医疗系统，AI 诊断系统等等，它们在这场艰苦的战役中起到了

26、很重要的作用。Doctors diagnose（ 诊断 ） patients online. Robots help to send food to _1_. Drones（ 无人机 ）monitor people in crowds. Wea re using new ways to fight the novel coronavirus.They are safe. They can help people _2_ in contact with each other. Let s meet these high-tech helpers!Telemedicine systemWith r

27、emote video system, doctors can diagnose patients without seeing them in person. Also, doctorsfrom different hospitals can have a meeting by using the system _3_. This saves a lot of time. Both Huoshenshan and Leishenshan hospitals have this system.Drones warn people in groupsIn some rural places, p

28、olice use drones to monitor people in groups. Whent he drone _4_ big groupsof people, police will warn them through the loudspeaker on the drone. In some places, people also use drones to disinfect（ 消毒） their _5_.3D “ hospital ”A company in Shanghai _6_ 15 rooms by using 3D technology. They sent the

29、 roomsto Hubei for patients to live in. Each room is about the _7_ of your bedroom. A3D printer takes 24 hours to buildthe rooms.AI system check for feverAt the Mudanyuan subway station in Beijing, an AI system can check people in crowdsto see _8_they have fevers. Whenp eople _9_, the system scans p

30、eople s faces. The systemcan check about 300 people in one minute.Smart robotsTime to eat! In some hospitals, smart robots help to deliver food to patients. The robots can also help to _10_ medicine and show the way to people.1、 A.consumersB.customers C.patients2、 A.avoidB.keepC.develop3、 A.all the

31、timeB.at timesC.at the same time4、 A.imaginesB.findsC.records5、 A.relativesB.handsC.communities6、 A.builtB.producedC.printed7、 A.sizeB.shapeC.pattern8、 A .thatB.ifC.why9、 A.pass byB.pass awayC.pass down10、 A.hand inB.hand onC.hand outA、 B、 C、 D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。The World Health Organization （WHO）h as de

32、clared （ 宣布 ） the new coronavirus （ 冠状病毒 ） outbreak a global public health emergency after the spread of the disease across the world. WHOm adet he decision in its third meeting about the coronavirus, after it decided not to take such a step in the first two meetings.Officially called a Public Healt

33、h Emergency of International Concern （PHEIC）, it is considered to be a public health risk through the international spread of disease. It suggests a serious, sudden and unusual situation in which the world must act quickly.Since 2009, there have been a few global health emergencies, including the 20

34、09 swine flu pandemic （ 猪流感 ） and the 2014 outbreak of ebola in West Africa.The new coronavirus has got attention because of its similarity to SARSw hich killed about 800 people across the world in 2002-2003. So far, the new coronavirus does not seem to be as deadly as SARS, but there have been more

35、 cases.Its declaration could cause trade and travel restrictions（限制 ）. Thosewho have made holiday plans might have their plans affected（ 受影响的） in someparts of the world.The WHOs aid its greatest worry was the potential （ 潜在性 ） for the virus to spread to countries with weaker health systems, who migh

36、t not be able to handle （ 处理 ） it.“ We are all in this together and we can only stop it together,” said theWHOs Director General, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.1. What does the underlined phrase “ take such a step ”meani n the first paragraph?A. Spread the coronavirus across the world.B. Declare the co

37、ronavirus a global public health emergency.C. Hold the third meeting about the coronavirus.D. Restrict trade and travel across the world.2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The 2009 swine flu pandemic was a global public health emergency.B. SARS killed about 800 people across the world i

38、n 2009.C. The new coronavirus has few cases than SARS.D. The spread of the coronavirus has no risk.3. What could the declaration of global public health emergency cause?A. Bigger outbreak of the coronavirus.B. Trade and travel restrictions.C. A weaker health system.D. Immediate stop of the coronavir

39、us.五、语篇填空( 10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。work, when, see, try, appear, trouble, all, neighbor, begin, theyYano Koji, an actor from Japan, is no stranger to Chinese people. The actor has(1) on many Chinese TV shows. This January, when he learned that the novelc

40、oronavirus ( 新型冠状病毒) hit China hard, he decided to do something to helpChinese people. He was (2)in Japan then and he got 130,000masks ( 口罩 ) with the help of his friends. Then he donated(捐赠) (3) these masksto Wuhan, the worst-hit city in China.Later, Yano got many thankful messages from Chinese peo

41、ple.“ I just didwhat I should do. I (4) working in China in 2000. During those years I workedthere, I got help and encouragement from many Chinese people. Because of (5),I am where I am today. I m thankful to China and the Chinese people, ” he said. “ I feel sad seeing China in such (6). It makes me

42、 happy to do anything Ican to make my Chinese friends happy. ”Yano was also glad (7)that many other Japanese people had touched theChinese with their timely help and kind words.“ We two countries are (8)and should help each other. (9)we had difficulties, we got help from theChinese as well. ” he sai

43、d.Talking a bout Wuhan, Yano said, “ I traveled there to work and stayed for about a week. I (10)the food there which was really delicious. When the bad timesare over, I will certainly go there again.”六、语篇填空( 10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空do, health, lock, attention,forge

44、t, they, support, brave, fun, heroWuhan is the capital city of Hubei. It is a beautiful, large and very importantcity in China. During this Spring Festival, the city received tons of (1)because a novel coronavirus ( 新型冠状病毒) appeared there and spread around thecountry.Several days before the Spring F

45、estival, Wuhan was (2)and the citybecame quiet and still. However, a big fight was going on there. It was the fightagainst the novel coronavirus. The doctors and nurses there became(3) warriors (勇士 ) in masks ( 口罩 ), glasses and protective suits. Theywere racing against the clock. Lots of (4) had to

46、 work over ten hours everyday, drinking little or no water. They risked their (5)and even lives totreat the patients. In such cases, almost no one stepped back or gave up. Thousands of doctors and nurses from other cities and provinces in China went to Wuhan (6)them. There is no doubt that they were

47、 all (7)in the fight.Besides doctors and nurses, everyone in our country was (8)their ownpart in the fight against the novel coronavirus.This Spring Festival was not as (9)as it usually is. It even broughtus to tears many times. However, we will never (10)those difficult days,not only for the awful

48、virus, but also for the effortswe madet ogether and the lessonswe learned.七、语篇填空（ 10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。Who that ill fill city record be from whether pro videUS Government：We are group of concerned 1from WU HAN. We arewondering2the current new virus （病

49、毒）COVID-19， which is severelyjeopardizing （ 严 重 危 害 ） the world ， originally originated （ 最 初 起 源）3 Wuhan. Some U.S. military （军队的）athletes （运动员）whoparticipated （参加）in Wuhan Military World Game 2019 in October last year gottreatment because of illness in our hospital. We are wondering if their healt

50、h and 4are related to the subsequent （随后的）outbreak in Wuhan.As the residents （居民）of Wuhan 5were the first victims （受害者） of the epidemic （流行病），we hereby（特此）ask your government：1 .Please provide the 6list of US athletes and logistics （ 后勤） personnel participating in the Wuhan Military Games last year，

51、 and theirphysical health7before and after the Game.1.1 n particular ， please 8the physical condition recordsof 9US personnel（ 全 体 人 员 ） who 10admitted tothe emergency （突发事件）department in Wuhan.Wuhan， ChinaMarch 16th ， 2020Wuhan residents ：1： Tian Liweii2 ： Qiu Linzhu3： Liu Sha4： Tian Guilan2020/3/1

52、6八、完形填空（ 10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分）当新冠疫情肆虐全国，有一群人冲在最前面：他们是科室主任，是普通师生，是新手护士；他们中有些人已过耳顺之年，有些则是毕业不久，初入工作岗位的青年，他们有一个共同的名字，叫“医生”。Doctors Deserve Praise“ China is always well _1_ by the bravest of them,” former US secretaryof state Henry Kissinger once wrote. Indeed, in the fight against the novel coronavirus,

53、it is medical workers who are risking their lives on the front lines of the epidemic.As of Feb 17, more than 32,000 medical workers from all over China have been sent to Hubei, the center of the viral （病毒的 ） outbreak. They are working underunusual conditions, unimaginable _2_and intensive （ 密集的 ） schedules.In Wuhan mobile cabin hospitals, medical workers take shifts （轮流 ） to treatpatients. They usually have to work consecutively （连续地 ） for six hours, as wellas take one hour to put on and _3_their protective clothing. To help them _4_ e