非谓语动词课件电子版本

1、1.第一页，共48页。2第二页，共48页。3非谓语动词非谓语动词(dngc)概述概述第三页，共48页。4第四页，共48页。5非谓语动词非谓语动词(dngc)具有以下特征：具有以下特征： 非谓语动词可以做主语、宾语(bny)等多种句子成分，但唯独不能做谓语。 非谓语动词具有各种形态：原形、主动语态、被动语态、进行时态和完成时态。 非谓语动词具有动词的功能，如可以有自己的宾语(bny)，但不具有语法上的动词性质,如没有人称和数的变化。 Growing flowers is my hobby. Thank you for helping us. I hope to see you again.第五页

2、，共48页。6第六页，共48页。7不定式的时态不定式的时态(sh ti)和语态和语态不定式主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式to doto be doneto have doneto have been done to be doing无to have been doing无第七页，共48页。81. 不定式的动作(dngzu)与谓语动词同时发生时，用一般式。 He wanted to see you. 2. 强调不定式的动作(dngzu)在谓语动词之前发生时，用完成形式。 He is said to have written a novel.3. 强调不定式的动作(dngzu)正在进行时

3、，用不定式的进行形式。 When I came in, he pretended to be reading a book. 4. 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作(dngzu)的承受者时，用被动语态。 It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. The book is said to have been translated into English.第八页，共48页。9动名词的时态动名词的时态(sh ti)和语态和语态动名词主动态被动态一般式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done第九页，

4、共48页。101.动名词的一般形式表示一般性动作或是与谓语动词同时发生的动作。 We are interested in climbing mountains. I prefer singing to dancing.2.如果强调动名词的动作已经完成，要用完成形式。 He was praised for having passed the exam .3.如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，也要用完成形式。 He is proud of having been sent to work in Tibet .4.当一个动名词逻辑上的主语是该动名词动作的承受者，这个(zh ge)动名词要用被动形式

5、。 He remembered being taken to Beijing when he was a child.第十页，共48页。11分词分词(fn c)的时态和语态的时态和语态现在分词主动态被动态一般式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done过去分词的时态(sh ti)和语态只有一种，即done.第十一页，共48页。12现在(xinzi)分词表主动、进行，过去分词表示被动、完成。分词与其逻辑主语的关系是主动的用现在(xinzi)分词；是被动的，要用过去分词。1._(look) out of the window, I can see m

6、any cars and buses.2._(see) from the top of Dragon Tower, Harbin looks more beautiful.3.The teacher came in, _ (follow) many students. 4.The teacher came in, _ (follow) by many students. LookingSeenfollowingfollowed第十二页，共48页。13如果强调一个被动的动作正在进行，要用分词的被动形式being done。Being repaired, the building is forbi

7、dden to enter.The house being built now is a Hope Project School.如果强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词(dngc)之前，要用完成形式。Not having finished his homework,Tom was made to stay at school .Having closed all the windows ,I went home. Having been invited to the party ,Tom was very happy .第十三页，共48页。14 所有非谓语动词的否定形式(xngsh)都是直接在其

8、前面加上not. 不定式的否定形式(xngsh)：not to do 动名词的否定形式(xngsh)：not doing 现在分词的否定形式(xngsh)：not doing 过去分词的否定形式(xngsh)：not done第十四页，共48页。151. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive2. -I must apologize for _ ahead of time. -Thats all rig

9、ht. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you knowAB第十五页，共48页。163. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completedC第十六页，共48页。17Key to Part 1: not to hav

10、e seen him to have given you so much trouble to be dreaming to have been studying to be better treated being interrupted having been there Having reviewed his lessons第十七页，共48页。18不定式动名词现在分词过去分词主语宾语宾补表语定语状语第十八页，共48页。19第十九页，共48页。20第二十页，共48页。21第二十一页，共48页。22 He chose not to go home this weekend. The mana

11、ger desires to see you. My mother dislikes seeing you with me. He could hardly resist laughing. He is fond of playing tennis. 动名词既可做动词宾语，也可做介词的宾语，而不定式只能做动词宾语。 有些动词只能接动名词做宾语，而有的只能接不定式做宾语，有的既可接动名词也可接不定式做宾语，但意义(yy)不同。第二十二页，共48页。23第二十三页，共48页。24第二十四页，共48页。25第二十五页，共48页。26第二十六页，共48页。27第二十七页，共48页。28第二十八页，共4

12、8页。29第二十九页，共48页。30可以接不定式做宾语补足(b z)语的动词常用的有： ask, want, advise, allow, encourage, force, forbid,like, order, permit, persuade, request, require, tell, warn, urge, expect 这些词后均可接+sb. to do sth.的结构 Father will not allow us to play on the street. My teacher advised me to do more exercises.第三十页，共48页。31 常

13、接分词(fn c)做宾语补足语的动词有： have，keep, get, find see, hear, watch, notice etc. I saw him working in the field yesterday. He kept the water boiling. I found my car missing. I will have my watch repaired.第三十一页，共48页。32 see, hear等词+sb.+do sth.与+sb.+doing的区别： 前者强调动作(dngzu)的真实性、完整性，后者强调动作(dngzu)的连续性、进行性。 I saw h

14、im work in the garden yesterday. 强调“我看见了”这个事实。 I saw him woking in the garden yesterday. 强调我见他正在干活这个动作(dngzu)。第三十二页，共48页。331.不定式作表语（be to do): 按计划、趋势将要做的 She is to get married next week.有责任、义务必须做的 Im to see you off at the airport tomorrow祈使、命令不得不做的 Youre to stand here ,do you understand ?命运安排(npi),注

15、定做的 Disney met the mouse and he was to become a famous artist. 第三十三页，共48页。342.动名词作表语表明主语的性质或内容（有时可与主语互换） My job is teaching you English. Teaching you English is my job.3.分词作表语表示主语的特点特征, 现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动和完成。 The book is interesting. Skiing is more exciting than skating. She felt confused, even frigh

16、tened. The guests are gone. 做表语的分词，其实很多已经(y jing)转化为了形容词。第三十四页，共48页。35A. 动名词作定语表示被修饰词的用途 drinking water=the water that is (used )for drinking drinking water, living room, sitting room, washing powder B. 分词作定语，表被修饰词的特点、特征. 单个分词作定语前置,分词短语作定语放在所修饰词之后。 现在分词作定语表示正在进行和主动，过去分词作定语表示已经(y jing)完成和被动。boiling w

17、ater 正在沸腾的水boiled water 白开水（煮开过的水，可能是凉的）a retired worker 一位退了休的工人第三十五页，共48页。36 分词短语做定语(dngy)相当于省略了的定语(dngy)从句： 现在分词与被修饰词之间具有主动关系： Due to the many changes taking place in our way of life, peoples way of thinking has also changed a lot. =Due to the many changes which take place in 过去分词与被修饰词之间是被动关系： Mo

18、st of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. =Most of the people who were invited to the 第三十六页，共48页。37第三十七页，共48页。38第三十八页，共48页。39第三十九页，共48页。40 called / named Sally standing behind the counter being built to be completed next year to put the bookshelf often playing football on the pla

19、yground第四十页，共48页。41第四十一页，共48页。42第四十二页，共48页。43 分词做时间、条件、原因状语(zhungy)往往可以转换成一个状语(zhungy)从句,做伴随状语(zhungy)可转换为并列句。 Hearing the news, he couldnt help laughing. =When he heard the news, he couldnt . Given enough time, I can do it better. =If I am given enough time, I can do it better. Being ill, he didnt

20、go to school. =Because he was ill, he didnt go to school. They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They came into the classroom, and they were singing and laughing.第四十三页，共48页。44Notice: 使用非谓语动词(dngc)做状语时，一定要注意，非谓语动词(dngc)的逻辑主语一定要与该句话的主语保持一致。 判断下列句子正误并改错。 1. To learn English well, a lot of

21、 practice must be done. To learn English well, I must do a lot of practice. 2. Seeing from the hill, the city is more beautiful. Seen from the hill, the city is more beautiful. 3. Being ill, his classmate sent him to hospital. Being ill, he was sent to hospital. 4. Broken by him, I cant use the cup. Broken by him, the cup cant be used.()()()()第四十四页，共48页。45Key to Part 5: followed by many students leaving him an orphan only to be told that the train had left to/ in order to/ so as to catch the early bus Seen f