(英语)英语非谓语动词易错剖析

1、（英语）英语非谓语动词易错剖析一、单项选择非谓语动词1. （山东 ） There is a note pinned to the door when the shop will open again.A sayingB saysC saidD having said【答案】 A【解析】试题分析：在这个句子中note和say是主动关系，所以要用saying。此处saying弓I导的句子做伴随状语。句意为：门上钉着张纸条，写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选A。考点：考查非谓语动词。【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。 doing 表主动表进行； do

2、ne 表被动表完成； to do 表目的表将来。【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。先把句子简化： There is a note （which is pinned to the door） saying when the shop will open again. 伴随状语 是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语 ,用 ing 形式。现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；如： He went to the classroom

3、holding two books ； He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.2. The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have right from wrong.A distinguishedB distinguishingC to distinguishD to be distinguished【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth 是固定词组。 The lecture mainly deals wi

4、ththe trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong 在这个句子中， deal with 的宾 语是 trouble ，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble 这个词的定语从句。考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。3. their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A To throwB ThrownC Being thrownD Throwing【答案】 D【解析】

5、【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空，他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知，逗号前的部分充当状语，故用非谓语动词，the fans和throw是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故选D。4. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD. Found【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在发现课程非常难的同时，她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动和进行，做伴随状语。故选 Bo【点睛

6、】首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分，然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或者不定式。这题是做伴随状语，she和find是主动关系，用现在分词做状语。5. I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬头向上看，注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知，wind its way作宾语补足语，winding its way与宾语snake

7、之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选Co6. Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in ashort period.A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improve【答案】A【解析】宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。7. Many Chinese brands,their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges f

8、rom the modern market.A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑 战。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状况；再根 据over centuries可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。8. Tsinghua University,in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A.

9、 found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于1911年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，选C。9. the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest.A. Having cleaned B. To cleanC. Cleaned D. Clean【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：整个下午打扫了教室之后，班长决定休息一

10、下。句中clean的动作比decided早，故用完成时；the monitor和clean是主动关系，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时，故选 Ao10. ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.A. Having freedB. FreedC. To freeD. Freeing【答案】C【解析】试题分析：在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用

11、一般现在时态。此句中的who s to say thatanother person will?可知主句用的是将来时，故 if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句 意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。11. the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.A. To watch B. WatchingC. Watched D. Having watched【答案】 A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片，他们

12、移到了前排。表示目的用不定式，故选A 。12 The airport next year will help promote tourism in this area.A being completedB to be completedC completedD having been completed【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed 表将来、被动。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法，句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而 The airport 和 complete 是被

13、动关系，用不定式的被动做定语。13 He is thought _foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.A to act B to have acted C acting D having acted【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：句型 “有人认为 .已 可用” It is thought/ believed/ .that sb have/has done. 结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为 sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如：It is rep

14、orted that Cheng Yifei died several days ago.The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago.Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago.因此 B 选项正确。句意为 “有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。 ”考点：考查动词非谓语形式。14 China s Chang e 4icropbrobt e entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, a major stepin its mi

15、ssion to make a soft landing on the moon s far side.A markingB to markC having markedD marked【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：周三，中国的嫦娥4 号机器人探测器进入月球轨道，标志着它在月球远端软着陆任务中迈出了重要一步。逗号前是主句，逗号后是非限制性定语，修饰整个主句，结合句意，主句和 mark 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语， A 选项正确。【点睛】不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：现在分词用作结果状语，通常表 示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事；不定式用作结果状

16、语，主要表示没有预料到的情 况或结果，即属预料之外的事。15 I m afraid that I can t attend Tom s wedding party next weekend.A to be heldB being heldC heldD is to be held【答案】 A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词作定语。句子中已经有了谓语cant attend ，故此处应填非谓语动词，首先排除 Do hold与party构成被动关系，但 ABC答案均表被动。因此再根据时间 状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来，故选 A。考查非谓语动词作定语时，要注意看 与所修饰名词之间的

17、关系，判断是主动还是被动。同时还要注意从时间上判定，不定式作定语表将来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。考点：考查非谓语动词作定语。16 Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty him up.A wake B wakenC to wake D waking【答案】 D【解析】一旦他睡着了，我叫醒他就有很大的困难。 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，选 D。17 Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain work

18、s, damage tocertain cells of brain.A to causeB causeC causingD caused【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。 causing 现在分词作结果状语。句意：连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式，危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C 正确。考点：考查非谓语动词18 to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well.A ExposedB Being exposed C Having exposed D To expose【答案】 B【

19、解析】试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。这里is 是谓语，前面是主语，应该用动名词，而且be exposed to 暴露于，接触“” ，所以选B。考点：考查动名词做主语19 . Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.A. having B. had C. have D. to have【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：蝙蝠是一种寿命很长的动物，有的寿命约为20年。根据与前面句子是逗号连接，没有连词，故判断后一句使用独立主格结构，空格处用非谓语动

20、词，逻辑主语some与have是主谓关系，故要用 v-ing形式，故选 A。20 - What do you know made Sarah so upset?-giving away state secrets.A. Charged with B. Being charged withC. Accusing of D. To be accused of【答案】B【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：一你知道是什么让莎拉这么不高兴吗？一她被指控泄露国家机密。sbbe charged with某人因而被控告”。第二句的主语为动名词 Being charged with作主语，还 可以用being

21、accused of。故B选项正确。21. The boy was last seen near the bank of the lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个失踪的男孩最后被看见时正在湖边玩。missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是 失踪的。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩， play作宾语补足 语，表示动作在进行，用现在分词。结合选项，故选Ao22. - Do you know

22、anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones?-Sure. Although each event a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plotswell on established historical records and archaeological findings.A. features; groundedB. characteristics; witnessedC. stars; dependedD. display

23、s; commented【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：-你知道中国的权力的游戏一一七国战争吗？-当然。虽然每一个事件都有一个著名的演员扮演关键角色，但它的所有情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发现的基础上。A. features由 主演；grounded使基于；B. characteristics以.为特 征；witnessed 目睹； C. stars 由做 主演；depended 依靠； D. displays; commented 作出 评 论。由 “a we-llknown actor ”可知，每一个事件都有一个著名的演员主演，所以第一个空应选择 features 。

24、 be grounded on “以 . 为基础 ”为固定短，在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以第二个空选 grounded 。故选 A 项。23 Did Jackson mend the computer himself? He, because he knows nothing about computers.A mended itB had mended it C had it mended D has it mended【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：一一Jackson是自己修的电脑吗？一一他找人修的，因为他不懂电脑。根据后一句 because he

25、 knows nothing about computers. 可知， Jackson 不懂电脑，所以他请人修理电脑，根据上文的 Did 判断为一般过去时， it 和 mend 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，had it mended让电脑被修，故选 C项。【点睛】本句考查 have 作为使役动词的用法，其搭配通常为 have sb/sth do/ done/doing 其中do/doing/done 是宾语的补语，例如1 . You should have your teeth pulled out. 你应该拔牙。（牙齿和pull 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词）2 . The teac

26、her had Mary clean the classroom. 老师让玛丽打扫教室。（ Mary 和 clean 之间是主动，且是一次性动作，故用动词原形）3 . His joke had me laughing for a whole afternoon 。他的笑话让我笑了一下午。（ me 和 laugh之间是主动，且表动作延续了一段时间，故用 doing ）24 （重庆 ） Like ancient sailors, birds can find their waythe sun and the stars.A usedB having usedC usingD use【答案】 C【解

27、析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find,故use用非谓动词作伴随状语，与逻辑主语birds是主动关系，用现在分词做伴随状语，根据句意， use 这一动作与谓语动词动作同时，用现在分词的一般式。故选C。【点睛】伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，这个考点在高考中经常出现，本题考查的是分词做伴随状语，分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义； 而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被

28、动意义； He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件，希望得到更多的信息； He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着 两个警卫。25 Due to the present school shootings, the only way the president could imagine such tragedies was to ban guns across the US.A to preventB preventingC pr

29、eventedD having prevented【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于目前的校园枪击事件，总统所能想到的防止此类悲剧发生的唯一方法就是在全美禁止枪支。此处修饰the only way 需用不定式做后置定语，短语 theonly way to do sth. 表示 “做某事的唯一方法” 。故选A。26 that the govemment can lead them out of the financial crisis, people areoptimistic about the future of the country.A ConvincingB Con

30、vincedC To convinceD Having convinced【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：句意：确信政府会带领他们走出经济危机，人们对国家的未来很乐观。 B.Convinced adj.确信的；深信的；A. Convincing adj.令人信服的；C. To convince使确信，不定式 表目的；Convince使确信，该句中意思为使人们相信，故对people来说是被动的，故应选convinced 选 B。考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。27 The study， from academics at Harvard ， claims the first clear evidenc

31、eshowing that when temperatures go up ， school performance goes down A to have producedB to produceC producingD being produced【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项来自哈佛大学学者的研究声称，它首次提供了明确的证据，表明气温上升时，在校表现会下降。claim to表示声称做而且produce这个动作发生在 claims 之前，故 A 项正确。t found28 The rainforest is an amazing place, with plants

32、 and animals that arenanywhere else in the world.A filling B filledC being filled D to fill【答案】 B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选 B。29 to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.A Having been asked B To ask C Ha

33、ving asked D To be asked 【答案】 A【解析】试题分析：由于那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场精彩的电影“，主语 我”和动词ask之间是动宾关系，要用过去分词，被要求加班”这一动作发生在动作missed之前，要用过去分词的完成式having been asked, A项正确；B项to ask是动词不定式，表示目的或将要发 生的动作，不正确；C项having asked是现在分词的完成式，不正确； D项to be asked是动词不定式的被动形式，不符合语境，故选 A。考点：考查非谓语动词30 When I got home I saw a message pinned t

34、o the door “ Sorry to miss you, willcall you later. ”A readB readingC readsD to read【答案】 B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我回家的时候，我看见别在门上的便条，上面写着 “很遗憾错过 了你，我会再打电话的。 readW message是逻辑主谓关系，意为便条上写着”，应使用现在分词做定语，表主动。故选 B。31 her before, he didn t know she was his daughter.A Not having seenB Having not seenC Not see

35、ingD Not to see【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于以前没有见过她，他不知道她就是他的女儿。 he 与 see 之间 是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，而且 see这个动作发生在 didn t kno业前，应该用现在 分词的完成式作原因状语，否定词放在最前面，故A 项正确。【点睛】本题非谓语表示的动作与谓语之间有明显的先后关系，see这个动作发生在didn t kno业前，应该用现在分词的完成式作原因状语， Not having seen=Because he hadn t seen her before。32 Time, correctly, is money i

36、n the bank.A to useB usedC usingD use【答案】 B【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构，所填成分是对主句的补充说明，因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则，判断出 use 与主语 time 之间为被动，因此直接得出答案B。句意：时间，如果使用得当的话，就是存在银行里的钱。33 The woman, when how her husband was injured, began to cry.A askedB to askC askingD ask【答案】 A【解析】34 Peter was so excited he received an

37、 invitation from his friendChongqing.A that; to visit B when; to visitC that; visiting D when; visiting【答案】 B【解析】考查不定式和状语从句。句意：彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。 When引导时间状语从句， that 引导结果状语从句； to visit 限定 invitation 做后置定语。 Visiting 限 定 friend 做后置定语，句意改变了。选 B。35 your own needs and styles of communication is as imp

38、ortant as learning to conveyyour affection and emotions.A UnderstandingB To be understoodC Being understoodD Having understood【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区别在于不定式常表示将来，是特指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。故选A。36 Tom made a small cage the little inj

39、ured bird till it could fly.A keepB keptC keepingD to keep【答案】 D【解析】考查动词不定式。句意： Tom 为了养这只受伤的小鸟做了一个漂亮的笼子，直到它会飞。此题根据句意和句型结构推知此处keep 应该表示目的；在英语中，表示目的的动词应该使用动词不定式即 to do sth 。故选 D。37 - What caused the party to be put off? - the invitations.A Tom delayed sendingB Tom s delaying sendingC Tom delaying to s

40、endD Tom delayed to send【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：考查动名词做主语的用法：问句是：什么导致会议被推迟的？回答应该是主语的内容，回答是省略式，完整的句子是：Tom s delaying sending caused the party to be putoff。 Toms 是逻辑主语， delay 后面接动名词，选B。考点 ; 考查动名词作主语点评：做题时要学会分析句子成分，如果缺少主语的话，动词要用动名词做主语，但是有的句子是省略式，考生可以把句子还原再进行判断。38 The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed more than 100,0130people and makes millions homeless, it perhaps the most destroying earthquake inhistory.A to kill; making B to have killed; making C having killed; to make