完整版讲义_司法考试_资格考试认证_教育专区

1、金凌虹考研词汇点“词”成金考研英语真题核心词汇 （2013年,总第六版）金凌虹2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语部分历年考研英语真题词汇命制规律一、关于“大纲词汇”1.大纲词汇的数量 2. 参考用书指南 3. 背单词的计划4. 大纲与真题词汇5. 历年真题词汇规律 1996-2010年考研英语真题复现单词比例 年份旧词新词总词汇新词比例旧词比例2011916187110316.95%83.05%2012880166104615.87%84.13%2011/2012年考研英语真题词汇-复现单词比例reject  ridekt vt.拒绝；退回，摈弃 n.不合格产品2011Text1:

2、 The devoted concertgoers reject most kinds of recorded performances.2009新: But many anthropologists also rejected the theory of culture. 2006翻The American intellectual is rejected.2006新It is the intellectuals who have rejected America.2004 cloze: A rejection of middle-class values.2004Text4: Encour

3、aging kids to reject the life of the mind2004Text4: It have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism.move mu:v n. 运动; 动作；移动，搬家v.搬；动摇；感动 2010Text2: In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz.2011-2-新: Such a move could affect firms such as McDonalds2010-2Text1: A move that star

4、ted the most serious contraction in the market二、背过的单词呢？单词记忆与真题实战的联系1）注意单词的形似区分1.momentum mumentmn.动力，冲力，势头；动量n The world art market had already been losing momentum for a whilemoment mumntn.片刻，瞬间，时刻；机会，时机2.accompany kmpnivt.陪伴(同)；伴随；为.伴奏(唱)n Woman have given up the chance for a career to accompany a

5、 husband to pany kmpnin.公司；陪伴；同伴(们)3.succession sksenn.连续；一连串，一系列；接替，继任n 2010-2-Text1: the art market had witnessed a succession of victoriessuccess sksesn.成就，成功4.considerable knsidrbl a.相当大(或多)的n 2010-新those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gain

6、s.consider knsidv.考虑，细想；认为5.council kaunsln.委员会，理事会;会议 n 2010-cloze: America's National Research Counciln 2011-2-Text4: EU ministerial councilscounsel kaunsln.律师，法律顾问；忠告 vt.劝告，提议n 2004-Text1: a position as in-house counsel for a companyn 2012-2-Text2:Trade publications counseled department store

7、s thatthey should create a “third stepping stone” between infant wear and older kids clothes.6.imitate imiteitvt.模仿，仿效n 2012-Text1:we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every imate intimita.亲密的；私人的 vt.暗示，提示 n.至交2006Text1: the department stores of the 19th centurybecame intimate shops f

8、or common consumers7.industrial indstril a.工业的，产业的n 2010cloze:In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factoryindustrious indstris a.勤勉的2009翻apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift8.r

9、espectable rispektbla.可敬的；有身价的2011-Text1: Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is respectablerespective rispektiva.各自的，各个的，分别的2004Text2:Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively9.transaction trænzækn n.交易，业务n 2010-Text2: It involv

10、es a very big business transactiontransition trænzin, -si- n.过渡，转变2007新the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move.2） 派生词1.前后缀派生词 Unconsciously Unconventional Underprivileged Standardized Constitutionality disproportionately 2.词根派生词 -g

11、en- 出生 gene di:nn.基因genetic dinetika.遗传(学)的 n.-s遗传学generate denreitvt.生成，产生(光、热、电等)；导致gender dendn.性别；(语法中的)性genome 'di:num n.基因组, 染色体组homogenize hmdnaizv.使一致，同化genre nrn.(文学、艺术等的)类型，体裁，风格3）熟词僻义 熟悉单词冷僻含义1.Celebrate  selibreit vt.庆祝；赞美，颂扬vi.庆祝，过节n 2012-新All the reasons to celebrate the compu

12、tern 2011-T4 In a society that so persistently celebrates procreationn 2012-2-新 Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top2.address dresn.地址；演说 vt.写地址；演说，对讲话；对付，称呼n 2010-2-Text2: I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living roomn 2012-2-Text1:

13、 the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homeworkn 2012cloze: The justices must address doubts about the courts legitimacy.3.account kauntn.记述，描述，说明；帐(户)；解释 vi.(for)说明；占n He left an account of his reasons for leaving Englandn 2010cloze: According to accounts of the experiments

14、n 2010-2-Text2: A vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk4.weather weath·ern. 天气, 气象, 气候v. 使风化, 侵蚀; 经受风雨, n 2007Text2: to help families weather bad times. n 2011-2-Text1:give advice based on having weathered their own crises.5.apply plai vt.使用;敷vi.申请，请求；适用n 2008Text4: DNA technology has been

15、 widely applied to history research.n 2010-2-新When applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different. n 2011-2-Text4：strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries6.value 'vælju:v. 重视,估价, 评价n. 重视，重要性；价值, 价格, (pl)价值观n 2004Text3: Americans today don't place a v

16、ery high value on intellect.n 2007cloze: they value equality of everything.n 2008cloze:a strong tradition of valuing education.n 2011Text4: Having children is highly valued by the public.4） 词组和搭配 另一种形式的熟词僻义1.owe to  把 . 归功于 .n 2007Text1:High achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.n 2012T

17、ext4: Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.n 2006Text1: the department stores owed its emergence to the culture of consumption2.shrug off 对满不在乎，对不屑一顾n 2011-2-Text2：German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession.3.identify with ai'denti,fai wið视 . 为一

18、体, 认同n 2011-2-Text3: Mies held that elegance of architectural design was identified with emptinessn 2004-Text4: identify with children who show the least intellectual promise4.on account of  为了的缘故，因为，由于n no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex,

19、 or national origin;5.take sth. into account 将考虑在内n 2006Text3: future management efforts must take this into account6.leave sth out of account忽略，不考虑n 2009翻: The pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.7.account for

20、 解释，说明n 2007Text1:What might account for this strange phenomenon? 8.account for 占据 n 2003Text3: the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-mile9.of no account 不重要的, 不被重视的n 2006翻 the American intellectual is considered of no account5） 连字符词n A state-sponsored program 州

21、办（资助）的活动n a sure-fire way to boost profits 一个肯定有效地增加利润的方法n An HIV-prevention initiative 一个艾滋病防护运动n Spot-on critique 准确的、恰当的评论n Mom-and-pop grocery 夫妻店n Public-sector workers 公共部门的员工n Life-enriching experience 丰富生活的经历，体验n Moment-to-moment joy 即时的愉悦n Mom-to-be 准妈妈n Round-the-clock help 全天候的协助n In-dept

22、h exploration 深入的探索n Thought-provoking phenomenon 发人深省的现象n One-click online payment system 点击式在线支付系统n High-priced option 高价的选择n A small-scale study 小规模的研究 6） 同义词归类表示“承诺”1.promise prmis2012Text2: The company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not.2012Text2: Entergys capacity to ful

23、fill all its promises.mitment kmitmntn.承诺，保证2012Text2: The company announced that it was reneging on a longstanding commitment. 3.pledge  pledn.保证，誓言 vt.保证，许诺2012Text2: The company Pledge to run nuclear stations safely.4.engagement  ingeidmntn.订婚，婚约；约会；正式的承诺或保证2010-2-Text4: they tended to

24、evade public engagement表示“引起”1.arouse  rauzvt.引起，激起，唤起；唤醒2011Text1：Gilberts appointment has aroused curiosity.2.trigger  trig vt.触发，引起n.扳机；引起反应的行动,触发的 2008Text1: females produce more of the trigger chemicals3.incur  ink:vt.招致，遭受，引起2011Text1: Gilberts appointment has incurred criticism

25、.4.provoke prvukvt. 激起，引起；对挑衅，激怒2012Text3: Novelty itself frequently provokes disbelief.5.spark  sp:k vt.触发，引起n.火花，火星 vi.发出火花 2012新The networked computer has sparked a secret war 6.bring out 激起,引起2012-2-Text4: economic recessions may bring out more evils of human nature7.induce indju:svt.引诱，劝；引

26、起，导致2005Text1: the mere presence of a grape was enough to induce resentment8.invite invaitvt. 吸引，招致(麻烦等) ；邀请；征(请)求2011Text3: it will invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.9.spell spel vt.导致；拼写；意味着 n.咒语，魅力；一段时间2005Text4: it has spelt the death of formal speech7)学科分类经济学表示“衰退”1.recession

27、risenn.(经济的)衰退，衰退期2012-2-Text4: the recession has made people struggle against each other2.decline diklainn.下降 vi.下降；衰退；谢绝 vt.谢绝2010-2-Text1:Art Market in Decline3.depression diprenn.抑郁，沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)；洼地2011-2-Text3: During the Depression and the war4.downturn 'daunt:n n.低迷时期，下滑时期2010-2Text1: The

28、current downturn in the art market5.economic weakness 经济疲软2012-2-Text4: this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides6.troubled economy 陷入困境的经济2012-2-Text4: the jobless try to make profits from the troubled economy7.softening economy 疲软的经济2004Text3: last month two longtime customers s

29、uddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy.8.lean time 拮据时期，青黄不接的时期 （hard times）2012-2-Text4: these lean times are affecting societys character. 9.slowdown 'sludaun n.降低速度, 减速2004Text3: lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown10.shrink rikvi.起皱，收缩；畏缩 vt.使起

30、皱，使收缩2003Text3: the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused bythe shrinking market11.slump slmpvi.暴跌；突然倒下 n.萧条期，低潮2010-2Text1What makes this slump different from the last? 12.stagnation stægneinn.停滞2012-2-Text4: lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always le

31、ft society more mean-spirited and less inclusive13.downside 'daunsaid n. 下降趋势8)西方文化常识与专业术语1.Cherry-tree-chopping 砍樱桃树的n 2008-Text4: Thats a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books.2.bull buln.公牛；上涨行情n 2010-2-Text1: The longest bull r

32、un in a century of art-market history.3.dot-com boom and burst 网络繁荣/爆发n 2010-2-翻Hed been though the dot-com boom and burst4.Bermuda Triangle 百慕大魔鬼三角，怪圈2011-2-Text4: Now even the projects greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt.5.outside director 独立董事n 2011-

33、2-Text1: Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachss board as an outside director in January 2000;其他摘录6.ministerial council 部长级会议 7.monetary policy 货币政策8.corporate-tax rate 公司税率一、 2013年新大纲新增考研词汇 “英语语言的演变是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意味着需要对大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。同时，这种变化是循序渐进的，每次的量（即在词汇表中所占比例）都不会很大。”2013年全国硕士研究生

34、入学统一考试英语考试大纲2013大纲删除了原词表的60个单词，新增60个常用词备注：词义及搭配选择来自牛津高阶英汉双解词典Accustom  'kstm vt. 使习惯n Accustom oneself/sb/sth to sth使自己等习惯於某事物:n Be accustomed to sth. 习惯於某事物n Accustomed attrib 作定语 通常的; 惯常的Alienate  eilineitvt.使疏远，离间；转让(财产等)n Alienate sb (from sb/sth) 使某人疏远或冷淡; 离间某人n Transfer the owner

35、ship of (property) from one person to another 转让（财产）所有权; 让渡. (law 律)Allegiance  'li:dns n.忠诚, 效忠n Allegiance (to sb/sth) ：support of or loyalty to a government, ruler, cause, etc （对政府 统治者 事业等的）拥护, 忠诚Ape  eipn.猿 vt.模仿n Any of the four (usu tailless) primates (gorilla, chimpanzee, orang-

36、utan, gibbon) most closely related to man 猿（通常指无尾猿, 大猩猩 黑猩猩 猩猩或长臂猿）.n Go ape (sl 俚) start behaving crazily 变得狂热; 发疯似的.n Imitate (sb/sth)学（某人某事物）的样; 模仿.Archaeology  :kildin.考古学n Archaeological / kldkl/ adj 考古学的; 与考古学有关的n Archaeologist / kldst / n expert in archaeology 考古学家.Bail  beil n.保释,

37、杓,把手,保证金, 担保人vt.保释, 往外舀水, 使摆脱困境 vi.舀空n n. Money paid by or for a person accused of a crime保释金.n n. Permission for a person to be released on such security 准许保释n v. bail sb out (a) obtain or allow the release of sb on bail 保释某人.n v. bail (out)/sth (out) throw (water) out of a boat with buckets, etc;

38、clear (a boat) in this way 用桶将（水）从船内舀出; 以这种方式给（船）清除积水Blog   blg n.博客, 网络随笔,日志n A type of DIARY on a WEB SITE that is changed regularly, to give the latest news.Botany  'btni n. 植物学, 植物n Botanicalbtnkl adj植物学的; 与植物学有关的.n Botanist btnst n植物学家.n Botanizebtnazv研究 采集野生植物.Buzz  bzvi.发出嗡

39、嗡声；忙乱 n.嗡嗡声(嘈杂)Censorship  'sensip n. 审查员（或检查员）的职位; 审查（制度），检查（制度）n The process of removing parts of books, movies, letters, etc. that are considered inappropriate for moral, religious, or political reasons 因为某些道德、宗教、政治原因，将书本、电影和书信中的某些部分删除的过程n Censor  sens v.检查(书报)Comet  kmitn.彗星n

40、A comet is a bright object with a long tail that travels around the sun.围绕太阳运转的、带有长尾的明亮星体 Contagious  knteidsa.(有)传染性的；有感染力的n (of a disease) spreading by contact （指疾病）（接）触（传）染的n Spreading easily from one person to another 容易感染他人的; 感染性的:Converge  knv:dvi.会合；聚集，集中；(思想、观点等)趋近n Converge (on sb

41、/sth); (at sth)（指线条运动物体等）会於一点; 聚集n (tend to) become similar or identical （趋於）相似或相同Culprit  klpritn.罪犯；引起不良后果的事物(原因)n Person who has done sth wrong; offender 犯过者; 犯罪者n A fact or situation that is the reason for something bad happening 起因，原因Daunt  d:ntvt.使胆怯，使气馁n Frighten 使（某人）气馁; 威吓n Nothin

42、g daunted (fml or joc 文或谑)毫无惧色; 毫不气馁n Daunting adj discouraging; frightening 使人气馁的; 吓人的n Dauntless adj勇敢的; 无畏的Debut  deibju:n.首次演出，初次露面n n. first appearance in public as a performer (on stage, etc) 演员首次（登台等）演出Default  dif:ltn.违约；弃权；预设 vi.不履行义务，拖欠n n.(esp law 尤用於法律) failure to do sth, esp t

43、o pay a debt or appear in court 不做某事; （尤指）不还债, 不出庭.n In default of sth/sb (fml 文) because or in case sth/sb is absent 因某物某人未在场; 在无某物某人时n vFail to do what one is supposed to do (eg to appear in a lawcourt) 未做应做的事（如出庭）; 不履行; 不到场; 不出庭:n Default (on sth) fail to pay (a debt, etc) 未付（债等）:n Defaulter：pers

44、on who defaults 不履行职责者; 未到场者; 不出庭者; 未付款者.Defer  dif:vt.推迟，拖延 vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从n Defer sth (to sth) delay sth until a later time; postpone sth 使（某事）延期; 推迟n Deferred shares延期付息股份n Defer to sb/sth give way to sb or sb's wishes, judgement, etc, usu out of respect 服从某人的意愿 判断等; （通常为）遵从Deplore  

45、;di'pl: vt. 悲叹, 谴责, 对 . 深感遗憾n Be shocked or offended by (sth); condemn 被（某事物）震惊或触犯; 谴责:n Feel sorrow or regret about (sth) 对（某事物）感到悲伤或悔恨.n Deplorable dplrbl adj that is, or should be, condemned （应）受谴责的Diabetes  daibi:ti:zn.糖尿病n Diabetes is a medical condition in which someone has too much s

46、ugar in their blood.一种医学状况，血液当中含有过多的糖分Dinosaur  'dains: n.恐龙 n.(俚)过时、落伍的人或事物n A type of reptile which stopped existing about 60 000 000 years ago. 6千万年前存在的爬行动物n An old-fashioned person or thing that people no longer consider to be useful.人们认为不再有用的过时的人或物Dioxide  daiksaidn.二氧化物Embryo

47、60;'embriu n. 胚胎, 萌芽n Young animal or plant in the early stages.胚; 胚胎; 萌芽时期n Plan, scheme, etc in its very early stages 初步的计划 方案等n In embryo已存在但尚未发展的n Embryology embrld 胚胎学n Embryologist embrldst胚胎学家.n Embryonicembrnkadj usu attrib 通常作定语 in an early stage of development 在发育的最初阶段的; 胚胎的Endorse

48、60;ind:svt.赞同；签名于背面n Write one's name on the back of (esp a cheque) 在（尤指支票）的背面签字; 背书.n Give one's (official) approval or support to (a claim, statement, etc) （正式）赞同或支持（某要求 言论等）n Say in an advertisement that one uses and approves of (a product) 在广告上说本人使用并赞许（某产品）n Endorsement n (a) U act of en

49、dorsing 背书; 批注; （在执照上的）违章记录; 赞同; 支持Ethic  eikn.道德(行为)准则，伦理标准；-s伦理学n System of moral principles; rules of conduct 道德标准; 行为准则n Ethics n (a) sing v science that deals with morals 伦理学Fiscal  fiskla.国库的，(政府)财政的n Connected with (public) money.Franchise  'fræntaiz n.特许经销权, 选举权, 特权 n

50、 U right to vote at public elections （公众选举的）投票权, 选举权n Formal permission to sell a company's goods or services in a particular area （正式授予在某地区销售某某公司的货物或经营某业务的）特权Freelance  fri:l:nsn./ a.自由职业者(的) vi.从事自由职业n Doing particular pieces of work for different organizations, rather than working all th

51、e time for a single organization:为不同的组织做特定的工作，而不是为单个组织一直工作Genre  nrn.(文学、艺术等的)类型，体裁，风格n Particular style or kind, esp of works of art or literature grouped according to their form or subject matter 种类; 类型; （尤指按形式或主题划分的文艺作品的）风格, 体裁Glacier  glæsin.冰川，冰河n Mass of ice, formed by snow on m

52、ountains, moving slowly down a valley 冰川; 冰河.Guild  gildn.行会，同业公会，协会n Society of people with similar interests and aims, esp one of the associations of craftsmen or merchants in the Middle Ages 协会; 行会Herald  herldvt.预示的来临；宣布，欢呼 n.信使；预兆n Person or thing that announces or shows that sb/sth i

53、s coming 报信者; 先兆n Herald sb/sth (in)：announce the approach of sb/sth 宣布某人某事物即将来临Hormone  h:munn.荷尔蒙，激素Hygiene  haidi:nn.卫生，保健学n Study and practice of cleanliness as a way of maintaining good health and preventing disease 卫生（学）n Hygienic adj free from germs that cause disease; clean 卫生的; 清洁

54、的Inaugurate  in:gjureitvt.开始；举行就职典礼(开幕式，落成式)n Inaugurate sb (as sth) introduce (a new public official or leader) at a special ceremony 为（新官员或领袖）举行就职典礼n Mark the beginning of (an organization or undertaking) or open (a building, an exhibition, etc) with a special ceremony （组织或工程的创立或开工）举行仪式; （建筑物

55、 展览会等）举行落成或开幕仪式n Be the beginning of (sth); introduce 开创, 创始, 引进（某事物）Ivory  aivrin.象牙；象牙色，乳白色n An ivory tower象牙塔（对日常生活中烦恼的现实视而不见者的退身之所或处境）:Lyric  lirika.抒情的 n.常 pl.歌词Marathon  'mærn n.马拉松, 耐力比赛n Long-distance running race (of about 42 km or 26 miles) 马拉松赛跑（约42公里或26英里）n Long-lasting event which is hard to endure 拖时长久令人难以忍受的