初中英语语法——副词的用法

1、副词的用法【用法讲解】考试要求：副词的中考要求是：副词的分类和基本用法，副词的比较级和最高级；某些特殊变化的副词的比较级和最高级（well betterbest等）；副词的同级比较（as/ so . as的用法）及 副词在句中的位置。知识总结：1.副词的分类1）时间副词：ago, already, before, ever, early, late, just, now, once, soon, still, then 等2）地点、方位副词：straight, upstairs, downstairs, above, along, around, outside, inside, behind

2、 , here, there 等3）方式副词：safely, quietly, quickly, politely, loudly, luckily, happily, easily, carefully, slowly, suddenly 等4）程度副词：very, only, quite, almost, even, a little, enough, rather, a lot, badly, nearly, further, widely 等5） 频度副词： never, sometimes, usually, often, always 等6）疑问副词： when, where, w

3、hy , how, how long , how soon, how often , how far 等7） 关系副词：whom , where, why 等2 .副词的用法1）修饰动词作状语He walked quietly into his bedroom.他安静地走进他的卧室。2）修饰形容词作状语You have a very nice watch.你有一块非常好看的手表。3）作表语，位于系动词后How long will she be away?她要离开多久？4）作定语The people there love peace.那儿的人们热爱和平。3 .副词的位置1）多数副词都可以放在动词

4、的后面，如果动词带有宾语，副词就放在宾语后面。I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。I have seen this film twice with my friends.这部电影我和朋友看过两次。2）副词修饰形容词、副词时，副词在前面，而被修饰的词在后面。It's rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易，我能做到。He did it quite well.他做得相当好。3）频度副词可放在实义动词的前面，情态动词和助动词的后面。I often help him these days.这些日子我经常帮助他。Y

5、ou mustn't always help me.你不必一直帮助我。4）疑问副词以及修饰整个句子的副词，通常放在句子的前面。When do you study every day?你每天什么时间学习 ？First, let me ask you some questions.先让我来问几个问题。5）时间副词和地点副词在一个句中，地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday.昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了What were you doing in the classroom y

6、esterday afternoon?昨天下午你在教室里干什么？6）否定副词在句首，句子要倒装。Never have I felt so excited!4 .副词的比较级及最高级的变化规则规则变化：1）单音节词直接在其后面加 -er/-est。例如： hard harder hardest2）以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。例如：wide wider widest3）以辅音字母+ y结尾的双音节词，先把 y改为i,再加-er/-est。例如：early earlier earliest4）部分双音节词和大部分多音节的词，在前面加more和most。例如： slowly mo

7、re slowly most slowlycarefully more carefully most carefully不规则变化：well better best much more most little less leastfar farther farthest badly worse worst5 .副词的比较级的其他用法1）在同级比较的结构 as/ so+原级+ as的前面可用just, almost, nearly和half等表示程度。例如：He doesn' t study half so hard as you.他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。The wind blew

8、 more and more strongly. 风吹得越来越猛了。2）比较级前面可以用 much, far, a little , a bit, a 10t等词修饰，表示程度。We will come back a little later. 我们会稍迟一点回来。3）两个副词的比较级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。其结构可以是：比较级+and +比较级，而多音节词可以用more and more +比较级结构。例如：He works harder and harder.他工作的越来越努力。Your sister becomes more and more beautiful. 你的妹妹变得越来

9、越漂亮了。4）如果表示“越，就越”可以用“ the +比较级，the+比较级”的结构。例如：The harder you works, the more you will get. 你越努力学习，你得到的就越多。5）当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候，用other或else排除自己，因为自己不能和自己比较。例如： The girl sings better than any other girl in her class.那个女孩比她们班其他女孩都唱得好。如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候，则不存在和自己比较的情况，所以可以不用other或者else。例如： The boy in our clas

10、s came to school earlier than any students in that class.我们班的那个男孩比那个班的任何学生到校早。【真题再现】1. 一 Fred is studying Chinese in one evening school.-Is that true? He has told me about it.A. everB. evenC. alreadyD. never2. 一 The song Where did the time go? Tell us that our parents grow old without being noticed.

11、- We should stay with them as as possible.A. often B. soon C. little3. I'm not hungry because I have had lunch. A. everB. neverC. justD. still4. My sister goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day. A. always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never5. If my friends have any problems, my

12、 door is open to them.A. neverB. seldomC. sometimes D. always6. 一 does your cousin usually go to work on foot? He says it's good for his health.A. Where B. When C. Why D. How7. 一 Can you catch what I said? Sorry, I can understand it.A. almostB. probablyC. nearlyD. hardly8. 一 Which jacket do you

13、prefer, this one or that one?一 is OK. I don ' t care too much.A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. All9. It was raining when my sister and I got to the museum.A. badlyB. softlyC. hardlyD. heavily10. 一 How is Susan?Oh, I see her because she lives abroad.A. alwaysB. oftenC. almostD. hardly11. The movie co

14、vers all of Chinese history . It is worth seeing again.A. mainly B. really C. possiblyD. hardly12. I fell off the bike on my way to school. , I wasn ' t hurtA. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Politely D. Recently13. I ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.A. neverB. hardlyC. seldomD

15、. usually14. 一 I lost my ticket, but the travel agent gave me another one.A. actuallyB. firstlyC. luckilyD. exactly15. 一 did you work out the problem in such a short time?一With Mr. Li ' s help.A. When B. WhereC. How D. Which16. Alex did the project on community service better than his classmates

16、A. soB. veryC. tooD.much【答案与解析】1. D。本句句意为：Fred在一个夜校学习中文。真的吗？他从来没有告诉我。由答语“Is that true?可知答案选D, never意为“从不，从来没有“。2. A。句意：一一歌曲时间都去哪儿告诉我们，我们的父母在不经意间变老了。一一 我们应该尽可能多和他们在一起。often经常；soon很快，不久；little很少，非常少。根据句意可知答案为A项。3. Co句意：我不饿，因为我刚刚吃过午饭。ever曾经；never从不；just刚刚；still仍然。根据题意可知应选Co4. Ao句意：我妹妹总是很早上床睡觉，因为她每天需要很多

17、睡眠时间。always总是；sometimes有时；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据句意可知选择A项。5. Do句意：如果我的朋友有任何问题，我的大门总是向他们敞开。注意结合句子的含义就能得出答案。 never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。故选 D项。6. Co句意：一一你的表弟为何经常步行去上班？一一他说这对他的健康有益。答句说的是原因，应该用 why提问，故答案为 C项。7. Do本题意为：一一你能跟上我所说的吗？ 一一对不起，我几乎不能理解。 almost几 乎，差不多；B. probably可能；C. nearly,将近，差不多；D. har

18、dly几乎不；由前半句的"sorry 可知，此处表示不能理解，故答案选 D。8. Bo本句意为：一一你喜欢哪个夹克，这一个还是哪一个？一一两者都可以，我不在乎太多。either表示两者中的任何一个都怎样；故答案选B。9. Do当我和妹妹到达博物馆的时候，雨下的很大； A. badly坏地，糟糕地；B. softly 柔软地；C. hardly几乎不；D. heavily沉重地，大量地；故本题答案为D。10. D。句意：苏珊怎么样？哦！我几乎见不着她，因为她在国外居住。always一直；often 经常；almost 几乎；hardly 几乎不。根据答语 because she liv

19、es abroad可知用 hardly。11. Bo mainly意为主要地"；really意为确实"；possibly意为有"可能"；hardly意为几 乎不"。由"The movie covers all of Chinese history.可知，它确实值得再看一遍。故选 B。12. Ao句意：在我去学校的路上我从自行车上摔了下来。幸运的是，我没有受伤。luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；politely有礼貌地；recently最近。根据上句从自行车上摔下来，而 后句描述没有受伤，可知是幸运地。故选 Ao13. Do根

20、据题意可知，今天早晨走路上学的，但平时是骑车的。此题前三个选项均为否 定意义的副词，只有 D是肯定意义的副词，这样可以判断出来正确答案。故答案为D。14. Co句意：我的票丢了，但是幸运的是旅行社的经纪人另给了我一张。actually事实上，确切地说；firstly首先；luckily幸运地；exactly刚好，恰好。故选 C。15. Co句意：一一你怎样在这么短的时间里解决这个问题的？一一在李先生的帮助下。答句说的是方式，应该用how提问，故答案为 C项。16. Do解析：句意：亚历克斯做的关于社区服务的计划比他的同班同学做的好的多。so如此；very非常；too太，用来修饰形容词或副词的原

21、级；much, far, a lot, a little等用来修饰比较级，说明比较的程度。根据句意可知答案为D项。【巩固练习】I.单项选择。1. How often do the students play sports?A. Twice a day B. Since last night C. For two hours D. A month ago2. I play basketball every day because I want to play as as Yao Ming.A. well B. better C. best D. good3. 一 How often do you

22、 exercise? ever. Because I am very busy with my work.A. HardlyB. Nearly C. Always D. Almost4. At the sports meeting, Simon jumped as as Daniel.A. highB. higherC. slow D. slower5. Mr. Smith, would you please speak a little more?- Sorry! I thought you would follow me.A. slowly B. politely C. seriously

23、 D. clearly6. I ride a bike to school. But this morning I took a taxi because I got up late.A. never B. sometimes C. seldom D. usually7. Jane didn ' t do in the exam, but her exam results are thwas last year.A. bad; worse B. good; better C. well; betterD. well; worse8. Which animal do you like,

24、a cat or a dog?A. very much B. best C. better D. well9. My brother likes watching TV very much. He stays in front of the TV for two hoursevery day.A. less than B. more than C. little than D. much than10. The boy doesn' t speak his sister, but his written work is very good.A. as well asB. so good

25、 asC. more better than D. more worse than11. - How will the boss be back?-In these days.A. farB. soonC. longD. often12. No matter what happens, the fact that Huangyan Island belongs to China will change. A. ever B. neverC. stillD. hardly13. I don' think fast food is good for our health, so I go

26、to MacDonald. A. seldomB. alwaysC. usually D. often14. 一 Why are you driving so. Tony? I'm feeling sick.Sorry, but the train is leaving in 20 minutes. We have to hurry.A. oftenB. fast C. hardD. slowly15. The fire last night destroyed many buildings. , no one was killed.A. Actually B. Simply C. L

27、uckily D. ImmediatelyII.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday.(Fortunate), there was no money in it.2. Mobile phones are(wide) used in most of the cities in China.3. He put on his coat and went out(quick).4. She is(good) than Li Ping at swimming.5. A lot Chinese people are(pride

28、) of Yao Ming, a famous basketball star in NBA.6. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold(snow) night.7. Allie asked me(polite) to put the things away.8. It ' s snowing hYodu must drive(careful).9. The earth we live on is(big) than the moon.10. Hainan is a very large island. It' s the second(large) island in China.【答案与解析】I.单项选择。1. Ao考查疑问副词短语的答语。上文用 how often (多久一次)提问，下文需是表频度的