初中英语定语从句的用法和精练(一)

1、精品文档（二）语法讲解定语从句的用法和精练一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从何叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有 关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who（宾格whom, 所有格whose）等，关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之 问起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语 从何紧跟先行词，主句与从何不用逗号分开，从何

2、不可省去，非限制性定语从旬主句与从旬之间 有逗 号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、关系代词的用法1 . that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可 省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that 作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that 作宾语）2 .which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：The building which

3、stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）3 .who, whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom,也可 省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）Who is the te

4、acher （whom） Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁 ？（作宾语）4 . whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。There are some people whose faces you can nevr forget.有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从何修饰先行词people ）I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air.我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从何修饰行词trees ）注意：（1）当定语从句中含

5、有介词，介词放在旬末时，who, that, which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用 介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英 文小说。(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。(3)that作介

6、词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。(4)关系词只能用that的情况：a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that,而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第个通过考试的人。b.被修饰的先行词为 all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时，只能用tha

7、t,而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗 ？c.先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few no等词修饰时，只能用that,而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that,而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures th

8、at I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况：a.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which,而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。b.引导非限制性定语从句，用which,而不用that.例如：Tom came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了 ,

9、这使我们彳艮高兴。五、关系副词的用法引导定语从句的关系副词有 when, where或why等。分别作状语，意义上相当于 介词+which结构, 分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。A. when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(when= on which)He came at a time when we needed him most. 他是在我们最需要他的时候来的。(when= at which)We will never for

10、get the year 1949, when th People's Republic of China was founded.我们永远忘不了 1949年，那是中华人民共和国成立的一年。(when= in which)B. where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。I recently went back to the town where I was born.我最近 曾回过次我出生的城市。(where=in which)2欢立下载精品文档I would like to live in a country where there is plenty of sunshine.我想住

11、在一个阳光充足的国家。(where = in which)What's the name of the place where you spent your holiday你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？(where = at which)C. why指原因，在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。Please tell methe reason why you missed the plane.请告诉我你误机的原因。(why = for which)随堂练习：(切记规律！)I.用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom 填空。1. The first thing you must

12、 do is to have a meal.2. April 1st is the day is called April Fool's Day in the west.3. The family had lost everything in a big fire got muchhelp from their friends.4. The house we live in is very old.5. Didn 't you see the man I talked with just now?6. Is there anything you don't know?.

13、7 I want to read all the books were written by Lu Xun ,8 .This is the second book I borrowed from the library.9 .He is the only person I know here.10 .WeYe talking about the people and the school we have visited in the country.11 .Who is the girl is wearing a red coat?12 .Look at the books on the bo

14、okshelf. You can see the two you bought me formy birthdayII单项填空()1. This is the very house weare looking for.A. that B. where C. which D. whose()2. I "ve returned all the books I borrowed from the library.A. whichB. them C. what D. that()3. There isn 't much I can tell you.A. what B. which

15、C. that D. where()4. Shekept a record of everything happenedduring the meeting.A. when B. that C. which D. what()5. Please tell us about the persons and the places you visited in Shanghai.A. that B. who C. which D. whom()6.California wasthe first state I had visited in the US.A. where B. that C. whi

16、ch D. what() 7. -Do you know the man is talking with your father?-Yes, he's our headmaster.A. he B. who C. which D. whom() 8. Is this the river I can swim?A. which B. in which C. that D. the one() 9. This is the best hotel in the city I know.A. where B. which C. that D. it() 10. Can you lend me

17、the dictionary the other day?A. that you bought B. you bought itC. that you bought it D. which you bought it()11. Anyone with what I said may put up you hands.A. which agrees B. who agreeC. who agrees D. which agree()12. My watch is not the only thing is missing.A. that B. it C. which who()13. The m

18、an coat is black is waiting at the gateA. who s B. whose C. that of which.()14. The girl is reading under the tree my sister.A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was()15. I love places the people are really friendly.A. that B. which C. where D. who()16. The world is made up of matter.A. in t

19、hat we live B. on which we liveC. where we live in D. we live in定语从句强化练习(一)11 .There is no difficulty can't_be_overcome in the world.A.that B.which C.who D.what12 .Who is the personis standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?A.who B.that C.which D.whom13 .This was the supermarket I bought t

20、his kind of tin.A.where B.that C.who D.which14 .The house _the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.A.that B.where C.what D.when15 .This is the last timeI shall come here to help you.A.that B.which C.when D.what16 .The house we live is not big.A.in that B.which C.in which D.that17 .My neighbu

21、rs used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very_kind of them.A.who B.that C.which D.whom18 .All _glitters is not gold.A.that B.which C. / D.what19 .Beijing,is the capital of China,is a beautiful city.A.that B.it C.which D./20 .That's the hotel last_year.A.which we stayed B.at that we stay

22、edC.Where we stayed at D.where we stayed21 .Anyone _this opinion may speak out.A.that againsts B.that againstC.who is against D.who are against22 .The place you are standing used to be an old church.A.which B.where C.that D.when首字母填空Manhas a big brain. He can think and s languages. Scientists once t

23、hought thatmanisn 't the sameas animals b mancan think and learn. They know now that dogs,monkeys and birds can learn, too.They are beginning to u that men are different from animals because they can speak. Animals can't speak. They makemuchn whenthey are afraid, or unhappy.Apes（猿）can learn

24、some things more quickly than man. One or two of them have learned a few words. But they cannot join words to make s . They cannot think l us because they have no language. Language is a wonderful thing. Manhas beena to build a modern world because he has language. Every child can speak hisown langu

25、age very w when he is four or five, b no animals learn to speak.How do children learn it? Scientists don't really know w happens insideour body when we speak. They only know that man can speak because he has a brain.阅读理解The two boys , each 17 years old , were on a small boat trip（旅行）.They had le

26、ftMinneapolis weeks before . Nowthey had gone as far as Norway House, on Lake Winnipeg（See the map） . They wanted to get to York Factory . But it was 450 miles away! And there was only one village between Norway House and it .That night , the boys could hardly sleep . Over and over, each asked himse

27、lf , What can I say to my family if we turn back? But isn't it foolish for us togo alone into such a place? What if we get lost? Should we turn back or not?"The next morning , the boys talked with two policemen .We don't like to see you boys start out on this trip, “said one of the men

28、seriously .If 's dangerous , "said the other .Why don't you boys go home now? ”Weve thought it over, "said EricWe can't stop half-way now. Shall we go on , Walter? ”Yes, “ Walter answered . Maybe it is a very hard trip , but let 's go on! We started out to go to York Factory . Let's not stop until we get there .An old man was near the boys . He heard what they had said . Good for you!" he said to them . I'm sure you can make it. Just think about the next mile you have to go. Don't think a