新视野大学英语1【语言学习要点】

1、新视野大学英语1Unit 1 Learning a Foreign Language2Unit 2 A Busy Weekday Morning5Unit 3 A Good Heart to Lean on10Unit 4 How to Make a Good Impression15Unit 5 Battle Against AIDS23Unit 7 Face to Face with Guns24Unit 10 Being Honest and Open2739Unit 1 Learning a Foreign LanguageI. Language PointsA：Expressions

2、:1. to be well worth the effort2. to be at the top of the class3. to lose the desire to say anything in English 4. to be far from perfect 5. to stay at the same level forever6.to get access to the necessary equipment7. to keep up with the flow of the course8. to meet the minimum standards set by the

3、 course9. to cry with frustration10. to feel like giving up11. to reap the benefits of hard work12. not to trade sth for anything13. to teach me the value of hard work14. to give me insights into another culture15. to keep my mind open to new ways of seeing things16. to bridge the gap between differ

4、ent culturesExamples:1. to be well worth the effort (L. 3) 很值得去努力Not everything in life is well worth our risk. (生活中并非一切都值得我们去冒险。)2. to be at the top of the class (L. 7) 在班里名列前茅On the list of good polices in social contact, honesty should be at the top. (在社交方面所有的良策之中诚信应列在首位。)3. to lose my desire / e

5、agerness to say anything in English (L.14) 失去说英语的欲望As a result of her dishonesty, I lost my desire to form further friendship with her. (由于她的不诚实,我失去了与她建立进一步友谊的欲望。)4. to be far from perfect (L. 19) 远不尽人意Although our environment is still far from perfect, we havent lost the desire to change it for the

6、 better. (尽管我们的环境还远不尽人意，我们并没有失去使其改善的意愿。)5. to stay at the same level forever (L. 26) 永远停滞不前 Sometimes our English learning seems to stay at the same level for ever, but ,in fact, this is not necessary the case. (有时，我们的英语学习似乎总停滞不前，但事实上并不一定如此。)6. to get access to the necessary equipment (L. 30) 接触到必要的

7、设备Through online learning we get access to many new patterns of thinking. (通过网上学习我们接触到许多新思维模式。)7. to keep up with the flow of the course (L. 33) 跟上课程进度To keep up with the flow of world trade, China decided to join WTO. (为了跟上世界贸易的进程，中国决定加入世贸组织。)8. to meet the minimum standards set by the course (L. 3

8、4) 满足课程最低限度的要求It also requires commitment and discipline to meet the minimum standards set by the university. (要满足大学的最低要求也同样需要专一和自制。)9. to cry with frustration (L. 37) 因挫折而哭泣It often happens that some jump with victory while others cry with frustration.( 一些人因胜利而雀跃，而另一些人因因挫折而哭泣，这种事情经常发生。)10. to feel

9、like giving up (L. 37) 想放弃In the face of difficulty, I always feel like giving up.(在困难面前我经常想到放弃。)Unlike Zheng Pei-min, some officials only feel like enjoying pleasures as much as possible. (不像郑培民那样，一些官员只想着及时行乐。)11. to reap the benefits of hard work (L. 42) 尝到刻苦学习的甜头Online chatting in English made it

10、 possible for me to reap the benefits of English learning. (网上聊天使我能尝到学英语的甜头。)12. not to trade(exchange / give) sth for anything (L. 45) 拿什么都不换 What impressed us most in that disaster was their readiness to give their lives for the public health. (在那场灾难中给我们印象最深的是他们随时准备用自己的生命换得大众健康的精 神。)13. to teach m

11、e the value of hard work (L. 45) 使我懂得了刻苦努力的价值 Much personal contact with him taught me the value of true friendship. (与他频繁的私人交往使我懂得了真挚友谊的价值。)14. to give me insights into another culture (L. 46) 使我认识了另一种文化 Reading good books has given me insights into what good taste means. (读好书使我认识了高雅的含义。)15. to kee

12、p my mind open to new ways of seeing things (L. 46) 使我从心里乐于接受新的看待事物的方式 As long as we keep our minds open to anything helpful to social progress, our nation will be filled with hope. (只要我们从心里乐于接受任何有助于社会进步的东西，我们的民族就充满希望。)16. to bridge the gap between different cultures (L. 52) 弥合不同文化之间的鸿沟The couple tr

13、ied to bridge the gap between their affections, but without any success. (夫妇二人试图弥合两人之间的感情分歧，但未能成功。)B. Patterns for you to use as models1. Typical patterns for cause and effect原句 1): Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about making mistak

14、es. (L. 6)句型提炼 Because of, sb adv. does sth / is + adj. to do sth, never worrying caring much about由于, 某人很做某事，从不怎么担心.adj.(adv.): eager(ly), anxious(ly), likely, free(ly), content(ly), etc. 应用：a.由于她强烈的物质享受欲望, 她急于进行权钱交易，根本不顾及对更大利益的破坏。Because of her strong desire for material wealth, she was eager to t

15、rade her power for money, never worrying about any damage to larger interests.应用: b. 由于他对网上冲浪的兴趣过浓， 他很有可能 一门心思上网，而不会关心自己的功课。Because of his undue interest in online surfing, he is likely to put all his mind on this business, never caring about his school work. 原句2): Now that I speak a foreign languag

16、e, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. (L.50)句型提炼 Now that sb. does / has done sth., instead of , he / she can should do sth. else. 由于 既然某人做某事，而不再, 他她就能做另一事。应用: a. 既然我们上远程英语课，而不再因在普通课堂上出错感到难堪，那我们就能从网上学习中有所收获。Now that we have taken the onlin

17、e course, instead of feeling embarrassed when making mistakes in the regular class, we can reap some benefits from it. 应用： b. 既然你能从心里上乐于接受新的思维方式，而不再对其视而不见，那你就有机会跟上时代的潮流。Now that you can keep your mind open to new ways of thinking, instead of turning a blind eye to them, you stand a good chance to ke

18、ep up with the flow of the times.原句3): While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. (L. 9)句型提炼 While sth / sb is / does, sth / sb else is / does : 某事 某人, 而另一事 另一人应用： a.当事情进展得不顺利时，一些人努力去寻求出路，而另一些人则压根不去想解决问题的办法。When t

19、hings go wrong, some work hard to find a way out while others totally lose the desire to think out any solution to the problem.应用：b. 在社交中，有人表现出对其承诺的专一,而有人则常常是说话不算话。In social contacts, some show a total commitment to their promises while some often back away from theirs.2. Typical patterns for compar

20、ison and contrast:原句1): Unlike my senior middle school teacher, my college English teachers were patient and kind, and none of them carried long, pointed sticks! (L.16)句型提炼 Unlike sb. / sth. else(that), sb. / sth. is / does不像另一人/物（）那样(与另一人/物不同)，某人/物应用: a. 不像一些贪官高高在上那样， 周恩来生前和人民群众建立了难以忘怀的友谊，从而将永远活在人民

21、的心中。Unlike some corrupt officials who set themselves above the masses, Zhou En-lai formed unforgettable friendships with the people during his lifetime, thus living forever in their memory.应用: b.与我在高中时遇到的女孩不同,她很高傲自大，从不正眼看我一眼。Unlike the girls I came across in the senior middle school, she is very sel

22、f-important, never looking me in the eye.原句2): Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but one that I wouldnt trade for anything. (L. 44)句型提炼 Doing sth. is a most + adj. experience for sb., but one that he / she would not trade / give / exchange for anything. 做某事对某人来说是非

23、常的经历，但却是一种用什么他她都不换的经历。应用： a. 追求幸福对我来说是非常艰辛的经历，但却是一种用什么我都不换的经历。 Seeking after happiness has been a most painstaking experience, but one that I would not trade for anything.应用：b. 被别人歧视对我来说是非常难以忍受的经历， 但却激励我很多。 Being looked down upon was a most intolerable experience, but one that inspired me a lot.3. T

24、ypical patterns for induction:原句1): The most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language was that I could communicate with many more people than before. (L. 47)句型提炼 The most wonderful result of having done sth. / doing sth. is that(从句) 做某事最令人兴奋的收获结果是应用: a.在一些大学生看来 上大学最令人兴奋的收获是他们学会了如何过一种罗曼蒂

25、克式的生活。For some students, the most amazing result of having come to college is that they have learned how to lead a romantic life.应用: b. 发动那场战争最令人难以置信的结果是发动者本身成了战败者。The most unbelievable result of having started the war was that the starter himself turned out to be the underdog.应用：c. 上网聊天最令人激动的收获是我可以

26、和许多人分享欢乐与幸福。The most exciting result of chatting online is that I can share joy and happiness with many people. IV. Writing SkillA paragraph of cause and effect In passage A the author presents the reader his own language learning experiences for different stages, from junior middle school to online

27、 learning. And for each stage of learning he describes an effect that results from some causes. This is an example of cause and effect writing, which makes clear the reasons why something happens by showing the relation between a cause and its effect. Paragraph 3 is a typical example:The topic - My

28、learning experience in senior middle school is different from before.When I went to senior middle school, I was eager to continue studying English; however, my experience in senior school was very different from before.The cause- While my former teacher had patient with all students, my new teacher

29、quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. Whenever we answered incorrectly, she pointed a long stick at us and, shaking it up and down, shouted, “No! No! No!”The effect- It didnt take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but al

30、so I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English.Unit 2 A Busy Weekday MorningI. Language PointsA：Expressions:to blast forthto sing along withto turn that music off to burst into her room (not) to have to listen to such horrible stuffthe same thing over and overto listen to music like t

31、histo reach for sth.to turn it up louder(not) to stand itto turn that radio downto get ready for schoolto turn on the showerto help her wake upto put on her makeupto pretend (not) to notice itto be too young to wear much makeupto be old enough to wear makeupto pick up her booksto do sth. more than b

32、eforeto do sth. a lot more than usualas usual A. Expressions1.突然响起来 to blast forth (L. 1)我们正聚精会神听有关公共道德的报告，隔壁突然响起了摇滚乐。We were focusing our minds on a talk about public morality when rock music blasted forth from the next door. 2.和一起: along with 但是,汽车时代也随之给人类社会带来了许多危害。1) But the automobile age also b

33、rought along with it a lot of harm to the human societies.包裹单上附有一张帐单。2) There was a bill along with the parcel.3.把.关了: turn off我关不上水龙头。I cannot turn off the tap.他耸耸肩回避开了这个问题。He turned off the question with a shrug of the shoulders. 4.冲进.;突然爆发: blast offThe children burst into the room looking for th

34、e toy.藤花（wistaria ）无次第,万朵一时开。Wistarias, following no sequence, all burst into flower at a time.5.(不)一定要听这么糟糕的东西 ( not) to have to listen to such horrible stuff (L.5)感觉幸福不一定非得富有。One doesnt have to be wealthy to be happy.6.一遍又一遍地重复同一个东西 the same thing over and over (L. 5)做了父母才能理解父母的絮叨。Parents talking

35、about the same thing over and over is understandable only when you have your own children.7.听这样的音乐 to listen to music like this (L. 9)不听我这样的老人言，你一准吃亏在眼前。If you dont listen to the old like me, youll surely be getting the worst of it right away.8.伸手去拿某物 to reach for sth. (L.10)生活中你会遇到各种机会，但你必须设法抓住它们。V

36、arious opportunities will come your way in life, but you must reach out for them.9.（使）向上翻；出现；发现；（收音机等）音量开大： turn up每次我向她求婚，她总是翘起鼻子表示对我没兴趣。Every time I ask for her hand, she turns up her nose to show no interest in me.警方搜查了这所房子，希望找到更多线索。 The police searched the house hoping to turn up more clues.如果他不

37、马上露面的话，我们就不带他去了。If he doesnt turn up soon, we shall have to go without her.空调开的太大了。The air conditioner was turned up too high.10.受（不）了 (not) to stand it (L.11)与其忍受他的粗暴，她宁可和他离婚。Rather than stand his rudeness, shed prefer to get divorced from him.11.把（收音机等）关小;拒绝：turn down 男孩想参军，但因为年纪小没有被同意。The boy wan

38、ted to join the Army but was turned down because he was under age.把煤气关小点。Turn down the gas.12为。做好准备:to get ready for 世上许多事物是在我们未作好准备的情况下进入我们的生活的。Many of the things in the world come into our life before we get ready for them.13.打开；使（开始） to turn on 他走过去把收音机开到球赛节目上。He walked over to the radio and turn

39、ed on the ball game.这种教学方法不是使学生越学越想学，而是使他们越来越厌烦。This teaching method turns students off rather than on.14. 使（清）醒：wake up能否在8点中叫醒我？Could you wake me (up) at about eight?Another failure in career didnt discourage him but helped him wake up to the truth that the more setbacks, the more exertion of effo

40、rt.事业上的又一次失败没有使他气馁，却使他明白了愈挫愈奋的道理。15.给自己化妆 to put on her makeup (L. 26)每当谈及未来的挑战，她总是摆出那样一副不在乎的样子。Whenever it comes to the future challenges, she puts on that look of not caring.16.装着.: pretend to 装着(没)看见 to pretend (not) to notice it (L. 51)这一件小事使她意识到这样一个事实：她的男友在假装追求她。This incident made her aware of

41、the fact that her boyfriend pretended to be running after her.17.太.不: too.to年龄太小，不适宜化浓妆 to be too young to wear much makeup (L. 53)当谈论到经商之道，这位领导人说；“有的商人精明有余,聪明不足。”When talking about the art of doing business, this leader said: “ Some businessmen are too clever to be wise.”18.到了.的年龄: be old enough to

42、 to be old enough to wear makeup (L. 55)到了18岁，一个人也就到了该为自己的决定负责的年龄。At 18, one is old enough to be responsible for his/her own decisions. 19.拿起；恢复 to pick up her books (L. 58)老妇人病了好几个月，但现在开始恢复健康了。The old woman has been ill for several months but is beginning to pick up now.20. 比以前更多地做某事 to do sth more

43、 than before (L.62)海伦凯勒的故事激励他比以前更多、更努力地练习英语。The story of Helen Keller encouraged him to practice English more and harder than before.21.比往常更多地做某事 to do sth a lot more than usual (L. 62) 面对这种严重的传染病，世界各国之间的合作比以往更多了。Faced with the severe infectious disease, countries in the world cooperated with one an

44、other a lot more than usual. 21. 与往常一样；照例：as usual 就像平时的周末一样，俱乐部里几乎空无一人。As usual at the weekend, the club was almost empty.III. Expressions & PatternsTypical patterns for suggestion:1) Why does sb. have to do sth.?Why doesnt sb. do sth.? 某人为什么非得要做某事？/ 某人为什么不做某事？应用：a. 你咳嗽这么厉害，为什么每天非得要抽烟呢？You are coug

45、hing so badly. Why do you have to smoke every day?应用: b. 既然有些可怕的疾病来自野生动物，我们为什么不禁止人们食用之呢？Since some of the terrible diseases come from wild animals, why dont we ban people from taking them for food?Listen for a minute; Im sure youll like it. (L. 8)2) Do sth. and / ; (I am sure) you /sb. else will / c

46、an (not) (建议你)做某事, 这样你别人(肯定)就（不）会您听一下吧，您肯定会喜欢的。应用：a. 用真善美创造生活，你会赋予生命永恒的价值。Create your life in beauty, goodness and truth, and you will invest life with enduring worth.应用: b. 永不放弃，你肯定会成功。Never give up trying; I am sure you will make it.You should brush your teeth when you wake up and then brush them

47、again after breakfast. (L. 43) 3) Sb. should (not) do sth. when (从句) 某人(不)应在时间做某事。你该起来后就刷牙，吃完早饭后再刷次牙。应用：a. 入乡要随俗。You should do in the Roman way when (you are) in Rome.应用：b. 一个官员应在其位谋其政，而不应以权谋私。When (he is) in office, an official should do his duty，and should not seek personal gains by abusing his po

48、wer.应用: c.中国传统知识分子认为：穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。Traditional Chinese intellectuals hold that one should refine his personal virtue when in poverty, and help save the world when in success. Now, would you please hurry up and turn it off?(L. 14)4) Would you please do sth? 请/麻烦你做某事（，好吗）？好了，请快点把它关了。应用:a. 请你振作起来，沮丧是没有

49、用的。 Would you please cheer up? Being depressed does nothing to help you. 应用: b. 你要面对现实。喝这么多酒只会损害健康。 Would you please face up to the reality? For drinking too much can do only harm to your health. 2. Typical patterns for comparison and contrast:Like a shot, the music woke Sandy.（L. 1）1) Like sb. / st

50、h. else(who/which), sb. / sth. is / does 像另一人/物（）那样(与另一人/物相同)，某人/物应用: a. 像春天的绿叶和盛开的花朵，这些又跳又唱的孩子们预示着我们的生活有一个充满希望，无限繁荣的未来。Like green leaves and blossoming flowers in spring, these dancing and singing children signify a most hopeful and prosperous future for our life.应用: b.和我在大街上见过的许多人一样，他从事着平凡的工作，但是却对

51、我们的社会做着不平凡的贡献。Like many people Ive come across in the street, he does a usual job, but makes unusual contribution to our society. 2) Sb. / Sth. does / is sth.,too, (There is sth in,too,) but, (陈述不同之处) 某人 某物也做 是某事某物，但是(与前者不同的地方）The music I listened to had a message, too, but the words were clear and

52、the musicians didnt use such offensive language. （L. 11） 应用:a. 我们社会里也存在着不良的做法，但是经过我们的努力是可以被根除的。 There are some bad practices in our society, too, but, practices that can be done away with through our efforts.应用: b. 面对SARS的传播，我们也感到害怕，然而，我们更把民族的生存置于自己的生命之上。Faced with the spread of SARS, we filled with

53、 fear, too, but we would prefer to put the nations survival above our lives.3. Typical patterns for emphasis of consequence:Do (Dont do) sth so / or you / sb. will /can(not) 做某事, 这样 / 不然 你别人就（不）会Turn that radio down so your mother and I cant hear it. (L. 12) / Get ready for school or youll be late.(

54、L.14)应用：a. 经常和父母交换意见，这样你们双方的关系就会很融洽。Exchange opinions with your parents frequently so you both can be on good terms with each other.Accept your parents criticism from the bottom of your heart or you will be under more fire.应用：b. 要诚心接受父母的批评，不然你会受到更严厉的批评。VI. WritingViews on Sth. （各抒己见）写作模式（各抒己见）1) Whe

55、n it comes to sth., peoples ideas are not cut from the same cloth. 2) Some people hold /argue that (观点一) 3) They base their argument on the ground that (理由) 4) But others react to the problem the other way around and contend that the opposite is just reasonable or right. (观点二) 5) From their angle of

56、 view, (理由) 6) I am of the opinion that(我的看法) 7) (理由) 8)(结论句). Reference model: Views on Generation Gap1) When it comes to the problem of generation gap, peoples ideas are not cut from the same cloth. 2) Most of the old argue that young people should be responsible for the problem. 3) They base their argument on the ground that young people either turn a deaf ear to the elders experience-based advice or set themselves against what the elders have been proud o