组织学与胚胎学_组培_英语词汇表_双语

1、GlossaryEpithelial Tissue ,epi'i:lil 'tiju上皮组织covering epithelium被覆上皮simple squamous epithelium 'skweims单层扁平上皮endothelium ,endu'i:lim内皮mesothelium ,mesu'i:lim间皮simple cuboidal epithelium kju:'bidl单层立方上皮simple columnar epithelium k'lmn单层柱状上皮pesudostratified ciliated column

2、ar epithelium假复层纤毛柱状上皮stratified squamous epithelium 'strætifaid复层扁平上皮transitional epithelium变移上皮cell coat细胞衣microvillus(microvilli) ,maikru'vils微绒毛cilium(cilia) 'silim纤毛tight junction紧密连接intermediate junction中间连接desmosome 'dezmsum桥粒gap junction缝隙连接basement membrane基膜plasma memb

3、rane infolding 'plæzm质膜内褶hemidesmosome半桥粒Connective Tissue结缔组织connective tissue proper固有结缔组织loose connective tissue疏松结缔组织dense connective tissue致密结缔组织reticular tissue ri'tikjul网状组织adipose tissue 'ædipus脂肪组织fibroblast 'faibrubl:st成纤维细胞macrophage 'mækrufeid巨噬细胞plasma

4、 cell浆细胞mast cell肥大细胞fat cell脂肪细胞ground substance基质collagenous fiber k'lædns胶原纤维elastic fiber弹性纤维reticular fiber网状纤维reticular cell网状细胞cartilage 'k:tilid软骨cartilage tissue软骨组织hyaline cartilage 'hailain透明软骨elastic cartilage弹性软骨fibrous cartilage/fibrocartilage纤维软骨chondrocyte 'kndrs

5、ait软骨细胞isogenous group ai'sdins同源细胞群perichondrium ,peri'kndrim软骨膜bone骨osseous tissue/bone tissue 'sis骨组织bone matrix骨质osteoprogenitor cell骨祖细胞osteoblast 'stiublæst成骨细胞osteocyte 'stisait骨细胞osteoclast 'stiuklæst破骨细胞circumferential lamella l'mel环骨板osteone骨单位Haversia

6、n system哈弗斯系统interstitial lamella间骨板periosteum ,peri,stim骨外膜endosteum en'dstim骨内膜Blood 血液serum 'sirm 血清blood plasma 血浆Wrights stain 瑞氏染色hemocyte 'hi:msait 血细胞erythrocyte i'rirusait红细胞hemoglobin(Hb) ,hi:mu'lubin, ,hem- 血红蛋白reticulocyte ri'tikjulusait 网织红细胞leukocyte 'lju:ku

7、sait白细胞granulocyte 'rænjulusait 有粒白细胞agranulocyte ei'rænjulusait无粒白细胞azurophilic granules grænju:ls嗜天青颗粒neutrophil (neutrophilic granulocyte) 'nju:trfil 中性粒细胞eosinophil ,i:'sinfil,-fail, -fil 嗜酸性粒细胞basophil 'beisfil 嗜碱性粒细胞monocyte 'mnusait 单核细胞lymphocyte 'l

8、imfusait 淋巴细胞blood platelet 'pleitlit 血小板Muscle Tissue 肌组织muscle fiber 肌纤维sarcolemma ,s:ku'lem 肌膜sarcoplasm 's:kplæzm 肌浆sarcoplasmic reticulum 肌浆网skeletal muscle 'skelitl 骨骼肌epimysium ,epi'misim 肌外膜perimysium ,peri'miim, -zim肌束膜endomysium ,end'mizim肌内膜striated muscle

9、 'straieitid横纹肌myofilament ,maiu'filmnt 肌丝isotropic band ,aisu'trpik I带anisotropic band æn,aisu'trpik A带sarcomere 's:kmi 肌节myofibril ,maiu'faibril 肌原纤维transverse tubule (T tubule) 横小管longitudinal tubule ,lndi'tju:dinl纵小管terminal cisternae 't:minl si'st:ni:终池t

10、riad 'traid, -æd 三联体cardiac muscle 'k:diæk心肌intercalated disc 闰盘diad 'daiæd 二联体smooth muscle 平滑肌Nervous Tissue 神经组织nervous cell 神经细胞neuroglial cell 神经胶质细胞neuron 'njurn 神经元soma 'sum 胞体neurite 'njurait 突起dendrite 'dendrait 树突axon 'æksn 轴突Nissls body

11、尼氏体neurofibril ,njuru'faibril 神经原纤维neurofilament ,nur'filmnt 神经丝microtubule ,maikru'tju:bju:l 微管synapse'sainæps, 突触axosomatic synapse 轴体突触axodendrite synapse 轴树突触chemical synapse 化学性突触presynaptic element ,pri:si'næptik突触前成分synaptic vesicle 'vesikl 突触小泡synaptic cleft

12、 突触间隙postsynaptic element 突触后成分glial cell 'lail 胶质细胞astrocyte 'æstrsait 星形胶质细胞oligodendrocyte 'liu'dendrsait 少突胶质细胞microglia mai'krlai 小胶质细胞ependymal cell e'pend,meri 室管膜细胞Schwanns cell 施万细胞neurilemmal cell ,njurl'mætik 神经膜细胞satellite cell 'sætlait 卫星细胞

13、nerve fiber 神经纤维myelinated nerve fiber 'mailineitid, 有髓神经纤维unmyelinated nerve fiber 无髓神经纤维central axon 'æksn 轴索myelin sheath 髓鞘neurilemma 神经膜Ranviers node 郎飞结internode 'intnud 结间体nerve 神经epineurium ,epi'njurim 神经外膜perineurium ,per'nju:rim 神经束膜endoneurium ,per'nju:rim 神经内

14、膜sensory nerve ending 感觉神经末梢free nerve ending 游离神经末梢encapsulated nerve ending in'kæpsleitid 被囊神经末梢tactile'tæktail corpuscle 'k:psl 触觉小体lameller corpuscle 'k:psl 环层小体muscle spindle 'spindl 肌梭motor nerve ending 运动神经末梢somatic su'mætik motor nerve ending 躯体运动神经末梢vi

15、sceral 'visrl motor nerve ending 内脏运动神经末梢motor end plate 运动终板Circulatory System循环系统Cardiovascular system ,k:diu'væskjul心血管系统 heart心walls of heart心壁endocardium ,endu'k:dim 心内膜endothelium ,endu'i:lim内皮subendothelial layer 'lei内皮下层subendocardial layer心内膜下层Purkinje fibers浦肯野纤维 m

16、yocardium ,maiu'k:dim心肌膜epicardium ,epi'k:dim心外膜 artery ':tri动脉medium-sized artery 中动脉muscular artery 肌性动脉tunica intima 'tju:nik 'intim内膜 internal elastic membrane内弹性膜 tunica media中膜 tunica adventitia ,ædven'tii外膜external elastic membrane外弹性膜large artery大动脉elastic artery

17、弹性动脉small artery小动脉arteriole :'tiriu微动脉capillary k'pilri, 'kæpi-毛细血管continuous capillary连续性毛细血管fenestrated fi'nestreitid capillary有孔毛细血管 discontinuous sinusoidal ,sin'sidl capillary不连续毛细血管blood sinusoid血窦 vein vein静脉lymphatic ,lim'fætik system 淋巴系统lymphatic capillar

18、y毛细淋巴管 lymphatic vessel 'vesl淋巴管 lymphatic trunks淋巴干 lymphatic ducts淋巴导管Immune i'mju:n System免疫系统lymphoid 'limfid organ淋巴器官central lymphoid organ中枢淋巴器官peripheral p'rifrl lymphoid organ周围淋巴器官lymphatic tissue淋巴组织diffuse lymphoid tissue弥散淋巴组织 lymphoid nodule 'ndju:l, -du:l淋巴小结immune

19、 cell 免疫细胞thymus 'aims胸腺capsule 'kæpsju:l被膜interlobular septum小叶间隔thymocyte 'aimsait胸腺细胞epithelial reticular cell上皮网状细胞thymic epithelial cell胸腺上皮细胞thymic corpuscle胸腺小体lymphoid node淋巴结trabecula小梁cortical sinus 'sains皮质淋巴窦subcapsular sinus被膜下淋巴窦peritrabecular sinus小梁周窦superficial

20、,sju:p'fil cortex 'k:teks浅层皮质paracortex zone pær'k:teks 副皮质区thymus dependent area胸腺依赖区medullary cord 'medlri髓索medullary sinus髓窦spleen脾white pulp plp白髓periarterial lymphatic sheath动脉周围淋巴鞘central artery中央动脉splenic corpuscle 'k:psl脾小结red pulp红髓splenic cord脾索splenic sinus脾窦margi

21、nal zone 'm:dinl边缘区 palatine 'pæltain tonsil 'tnsil腭扁桃体mononuclear ,mnu'nju:kli phagocytic ,fæ'sitik system单核吞噬细胞系统Digestive System消化系统digestive di'destiv tract消化管mucosa mju:'kus粘膜lamina propria固有层muscularis mucosa粘膜肌层submucosa粘膜下层muscularis肌层adventitia ,æd

22、ven'tii外膜tongue t舌lingual 'liwl papilla p'pil舌乳头filiform papilla丝状乳头fungiform 'filif:m papilla菌状乳头circumvallate ,s:km'væleit papilla轮廓乳头esophagus i:'sfs食管stomach胃fundic 'fndik gland胃底腺chief cell主细胞zymogen cell 'zaimudn胃酶细胞parietal cell p'raiitl壁细胞oxyntic '

23、;ksintik cell泌酸细胞mucous 'mju:ks neck cell颈粘液细胞small intestine in'testin小肠plicae 'plaik circularis环行皱襞absorptive b's:ptiv cell吸收细胞striated border纹状缘goblet cell杯状细胞endocrine cell 'endukrain,内分泌细胞small intestinal gland小肠腺Paneth cell潘氏细胞undifferentiated cell未分化细胞intestinal vilus肠绒毛la

24、rge intestine大肠digestive gland消化腺pancreas 'pænkris胰exocrine portion 'ekskrain外分泌部pancreas islet 'ailit胰岛glucagon 'lu:kn胰高血糖素insulin 'insjulin胰岛素somatostatin,sumt'stætin,生长抑素liver'liv肝hepatic hi'pætiklobule/liver lobule/'lbju:l/肝小叶hepatic plate/liver

25、 plate肝板limiting plate界板hepatocyte'heptsait,肝细胞Kupffer cell库普弗细胞hepatic sinusoid'sainsid肝血窦Disse space狄氏间隙perisinusoidal space窦周隙bile bailcanaliculus,kæn'likjuls胆小管portal canal area门管区interlobular vein小叶间静脉interlobular artery小叶间动脉interlobular bile duct小叶间胆管Respiratory 'resprtri,

26、System呼吸系统tracheatr'ki:, 'treiki气管lungl肺conducting portion导气部lobar bronchus'brks叶支气管small bronchus小支气管bronchiole'brkiul细支气管terminal 't:minlbronchiole终末细支气管respiratory'resprtri, portion呼吸部respiratory bronchiole呼吸性细支气管alveolar æl'vil duct肺泡管alveolar sac肺泡囊pulmonary, &#

27、39;plmnri acinus'æsins肺泡alveolar epithelium肺泡上皮type alveolar cell型肺泡细胞type alveolar cell型肺泡细胞surfactants:'fæktnt表面活性物质alveolar septum'septm肺泡隔alveolar pore肺泡孔pulmonary macrophage肺巨噬细胞dust cell尘细胞blood-air barrier血气屏障respiratory membrane呼吸膜Urinary'jurinri System 泌尿系统kidney &

28、#39;kidni 肾renal'ri:nl cortex'k:teks 肾皮质renal medulla me'dl 肾髓质cortical labyrinth 'læbrin 皮质迷路medullary ray 髓放线uriniferous tubule 泌尿小管nephron 'nefrn 肾单位renal corpuscle 肾小体vascular'væskjul pole 血管极urinary pole 尿极renal glomerulus l'merjuls 肾小球mesangium me's

29、30;ndim 血管系膜mesangial cell 系膜细胞mesangial matrix'meitriks 系膜基质renal capsule 'kæpsju:l 肾小囊parietal layer p'raiitl 壁层visceral layer 'visrl 脏层capsular space 肾小囊腔podocyte pd'sait 足细胞slit membrane 裂孔膜filtrationfil'trein membrane 滤过膜filtration barrier 滤过屏障renal tubule 肾小管proxim

30、al'prksiml tubule 近端小管thin segment 'semnt 细段distal tubule dis'tl 远端小管pars convolute 'knv,lu:t 曲部pars recta 'rekt 直部proximal convoluted tubule 近曲小管brush border 刷状缘lateral process 侧突basal striation 基底纵纹distal convoluted tubule 远曲小管collection tubule 集合管juxtaglomerular ,dkstl'mer

31、jul complex 球旁复合体juxtaglomerular apparatus ,æp'reits 肾小球旁器juxtaglomerular cell 球旁细胞renin 'ri:nin, 're- 肾素macula 'mækjul densa 致密斑extraglomerular mesangial cell 球外系膜细胞Skin 皮肤epidermis,epi'd:mis表皮dermis'd:mis真皮stratum'streitm, basale基底层stratum spinosum棘层stratum gr

32、anulosum颗粒层stratum lucidum透明层stratum corneum'k:nim角质层melanocyte'melnusait黑素细胞Langerhans cell朗格汉斯细胞papillaryp'pilri layer乳头层reticular layer网织层hypodermis,haipu'd:mis皮下组织Eye 眼eyeball 眼球fibrous tunic 'tju:nik 纤维膜vascular tunic 'væskjul 血管膜retina 'retin 视网膜cornea 'k:n

33、i 角膜corneal epithelium 角膜上皮anterior limiting lamina 前界层corneal stroma 'strum 角膜基质posterior limiting lamina 后界层corneal endothelium 角膜内皮layers of retina 视网膜的分层pigment 'pimnt epithelium layer 色素上皮层layer of rods and cones 视杆视锥层layer of bipolar bai'pul cell 双极细胞层layer of ganglion cell '&#

34、230;lin 节细胞层pigment epithelial cell 色素上皮细胞visual cell 'vizjul 视细胞photoreceptor cell ,futuri'sept 感光细胞rod cell 视杆细胞cone cell kun 视锥细胞bipolar cell bai'pul 双极细胞ganglion cell 节细胞Endocrine System 'endukrain, -krin内分泌系统endocrine gland内分泌腺nitrogen- 'naitrdn containine hormone 'h:mun

35、 cell含氮激素细胞steroid secretory si'kri:tri cell类固醇分泌细胞thyroid gland 'airid甲状腺thyroid hormone甲状腺激素follicular flikjul epithelial cell滤泡上皮细胞thyroglobulin ,airu'lbjuli iodination ,aiudi'nein碘化的甲状腺球蛋白colloid 'klid胶体thyroxine ai'rksi:n, -sin甲状腺素triiodothyronine(T3)三碘甲状腺原氨酸tetraiodothy

36、ronine(T4)四碘甲状腺原氨酸parafollicular cell滤泡旁细胞calcitonin ,kælsi'tunin降钙素parathyroid ,pær'airid甲状旁腺chief cell主细胞parathyroid hormone甲状旁腺激素oxyphil cell嗜酸性细胞adrenal 'dri:nl gland肾上腺 zona glomerulosa球状带mineralocorticoid ,minrlu'k:tikid盐皮质激素aldosterone ,ældu'sterun醛固酮zona fa

37、siculata束状带Glucocorticoid ,lu:ku'k:tikid糖皮质激素corticosterone,k:ti'kstrun皮质酮zona reticularis网状带chromaffin kru'mæfincell嗜铬细胞adrenaline'drenlin epinephrine,epi'nefrin肾上腺素norepinephrine/noradrenaline去甲肾上腺素pituitary gland pi'tju:itri垂体basophilic cell,beis'filik嗜碱性细胞thyrotr

38、oph促甲状腺激素细胞thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)/thyrotropin促甲状腺激素adrenocorticotroph(ACTH cell)/corticotroph促肾上腺皮质激素细胞adrenocorticotropin'dri:nu,k:tiku'trpin促肾上腺皮质激素gonadotroph促性腺激素细胞 adenohypophysis,ædnuhai'pfisis腺垂体pars distalis 远侧部acidophilic cell,æsidu'filik嗜酸性细胞 somatotroph

39、 'sumttruf生长激素细胞somatotropin/growth hormone(GH)生长激素mammotroph/prolactin cell促乳激素细胞mammotropin,mæmu'trupin促乳激素 follicle'flikl stimulating'stimjuleiti hormone(FSH)卵泡刺激素luteinizing'lu:tiinaiz hormone(LH) 'h:mun黄体生成素interstitial cell stimulating hormone(ICSH)间质细胞刺激素chromopho

40、be cell嫌色细胞pars intermedia中间部melanotroph促黑素激素细胞melanocyte stimulating hormone(MSH)黑素细胞刺激素pars tuberalis 结节部neurohypophysis,njuruhai'pfisis神经垂体 pars nervosa神经部pituicytepi'tju:isait垂体细胞Herrings body赫林体hypothalamus,haipu'ælms下丘脑supraoptic nucleus,sju:pr'ptik视上核paraaventricular nucl

41、eus室旁核vasopressin(VP) ,veizu'presin加压素antidiuretic hormone(ADH) 'ænti,daiju'retik抗利尿激素oxytocin(OT) ,ksi'tusin, -'t-催产素 infundibulum,infn'dibjulm漏斗 Male Reproductive System ,ri:pr'dktiv 男性生殖系统testis 'testis 睾丸seminiferous tubule ,semi'nifrs 生精小管interstitial ti

42、ssue 间质spermatogenic epithelium ,sp:mtu'denik, 生精上皮spermatogenic cell 生精细胞spermatogonium ,sp:mtu'unim, 精原细胞primar spermatocyte 'sp:mtusait, 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞spermatid 'sp:mtid 精子细胞spermatozoon ,sp:mtu'zun 精子sustentacular cell ,ssten'tækjul, 支持细胞intersti

43、tial cell 间质细胞androgen 雄激素Female Reproductive System 女性生殖系统ovary 'uvri 卵巢superficial epithelium 表面上皮ovarian cortex 'k:teks 卵巢皮质ovarian medulla me'dl 卵巢髓质hilus cell 'hails 门细胞follicle 'flikl 卵泡primordial follicle prai'm:djl 原始卵泡primary cocyte 初级卵母细胞oogonium ,u'unim 卵原细胞follicular cell flikjul 卵泡细胞primary follicle 初级卵泡zona pellucida 透明带corona k'run radiata 'reidi,eit 放射冠seco