实用高中英语短语与句型 C-D

1、实用高中英语短语与句型 C-DCcake1. (be) a piece of cake 很容易，小菜一碟。如：A：How do you do that? 你那是怎样做的?B：Its a piece of cake. Watch! 这很容易，你看着。This job is anything but a piece of cake. 这份差事决不轻松。call1. call at a place(1) (车船等)停靠。如：The train calls at every

2、 station. 这火车每个站都停。(2) 到某地拜访。如：She called at his office yesterday. 她昨天去了他办公室拜访。2. call away(1) 叫走，叫开。如：He was called away by a friend. 他被朋友叫走了。(2) 转移(注意力等)。如：He is studying an important problem, and nothing can callaway his attention. 他正在研究一个重要问题，什么也不能使他分

3、心。3. call back(1) 唤回，叫回。如：He was about to leave when his wife called him back. 他正要离去，他妻子把他叫了回来。(2) 回电话，再打电话。如：Ill call (you) back. 我将给你回电话。Hes not in. Please call back later. 他不在家，请过一会儿再打来。4. call for sth (sb)(1) 喊着叫某人来，喊着叫人取来某物。如：He called

4、 for the waiter. 他叫服务员。The boy called for his clothes. 小男孩喊着给他拿衣服来。He called for a glass of beer. 他叫了一杯啤酒。(2) 来或去取某物，来或去接某人。如：We called for the packages at the post office. 我们到邮局领取包裹。Ill call for you (at your house) at nine. 我九点(到你家)来接你。(3) 需要，要求。如：This problem cal

5、ls for careful thought. 这问题需要好好想一想。The work calls for time and patience. 这工作需要时间和耐心。注：有时可接不定式的复合结构。如：5. call in(1) 叫进，请进。如：He only waited two minutes before he was called in. 他只等了两分钟就被叫了进去。(2) 找来，请来。如：Call in the doctor at once. 马上去请医生来。(3) 来访。如：Please ca

6、ll in at five. 请在五点来访。He called in the office this afternoon. 他今天下午来办公室坐了一会儿。(4) 收回。如：The librarian called in all the books. 图书管理员把书全部收了回去。6. call off(1) 叫走，转移开。如：Call your dog off. 把你的狗叫走。(2) 取消，不举行。如：The match was called off because of bad weather. 

7、;由于天气不好，比赛取消了。He phoned me and called the appointment off. 他给我打电话取消了这次约会。7. call (up)on sb 拜访或看望某人。如：He called on them that evening. 他那天晚上去拜访了他们。I called upon Mrs Foster this evening. 我今晚去看望了福斯特太太。8. call sb sth 为某人叫某物。如：Please call me a taxi.&#

8、160;请帮我叫一辆出租车。注：该句型也可用介词 for 改写。如：Please call a taxi for me.9. call (up)on sb to do sth(1) 叫(请)某人做某事。如：Then the teacher called on me to answer the question. 这里老师叫我回答问题。We are calling on you to help us. 我们恳请你帮助我们。(2) 号召某人做某事。如：The Party call

9、ed on us to study hard for the people. 党号召我们要为人民努力学习。10. call out(1) 大声叫(喊)。如：He called out with pain. 他痛得大叫。The drowning boy called out for help. 溺水的男孩大声呼救。(2) 叫出去。如：The teacher called me out. 老师把我叫了出去。(3) 召唤，请来，调去。如：He decided to call out the army. 

10、;他决定动用军队。The fire brigade was called out twice last night. 昨晚消防队出动了两次。注：有时可接不定式的复合结构。如：A number of police were called out to keep order. 不少警察被调去维持秩序。11. call up(1) (给)打电话。如：Please call me up this evening. 请今晚给我打电话。All right, Ill ring up again. 好吧，我回头再打电话。(2) 想

11、起，回忆起。如：Your letter calls up the days when we worked together. 你的来信使我想起了我们在一起工作的情景。(3) 召集，应召入伍。如：He was called up right at the beginning of the war. 他在战争一开始就被应征入伍。candle1. burn the canle at both ends 夜以继日地干，劳动过度，过分消耗精力。如：If he goes on burnig the cand

12、le at both ends, he will beill. 假若他继续这样起早贪黑地干，他会病倒的。Burning the candle at both ends may have a serious effecton ones health. 过分消耗精力会对身体造成严重影响。care1. care about(1) 感兴趣，关心，关注。如：The only thing he cares about is money. 他只在乎钱。They dont care about this kind of thing. 他们对

13、这种事不感兴趣。(2) 担心，担忧。如：Dont you care about your countrys future? 你难道不为自己国家的前途担忧吗?2. care for(1) 喜欢，愿意(多用于否定句或疑问句)。如：Would you care for a drink? 你想喝一杯吗?He doesnt care much for music. 他不大喜欢音乐。(2) 照看，照顾。如：They cared for the child day and night. 他们日夜照看这个孩子。(3)&#

14、160;关心，爱护。如：How the Party care for us! 党多么关心我们啊！For himself he cares very little. 他很少想到自己。(4) 担心，担扰。如：We dont care for his safety. 我们不担心他的安全。3. care to do sth 愿意，喜欢，想要(主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件句)。如：Would you care to wait for a while? 请你等一会儿好吗?He didnt care to m

15、eet these people. 他不想见这些人。If you care to hear it, Ill tell it to you. 如果你想听，我就告诉你。4. care wh-clause 在乎，在意(多用于否定句或疑问句)。如：We wont let you in if you dont show your pass. We dont care who you are. 你不出示通行证，我们不会让你进去，我们不管你是谁。I dont care what they say. I shall go on just the sa

16、me. 我不在乎他们说什么，不管怎么说，我都会继续干下去。注：有时也用于肯定句。如：I really care whether we win or lose. 我们是输是赢我真的很在乎。5. take care (of)(1) 当心，小心。如：Take care that you dont drink too much. 当心别喝多了。Good bye, and take care. 再见，多保重。(2) 照看，照顾。如：He is old enough to take care of himself.&

17、#160;他大了，能照顾自己了。We should take good care of the children. 我们应该好好照看这些孩子。(3) 负责，处理。如：Let me take care of the cleaning. 打扫卫生的事就由我来管吧。His secretary takes care of all his appointments. 他的秘书处理他的一切约会。careful1. be careful of about, with sth 当心或注意某事。如：I

18、hope you will be more careful of about your health. 希望你更注意身体。Be careful with the vase;it is valuable. 这只花瓶很贵，要小心点。2. be careful in doing sth 做某事时很小心或仔细。如：Be careful in dealing with such people. 和这种人打交道要小心。注：有时也用介词 about, 或省略不用介词。如：Be careful (in

19、, about) crossing the road. 过马路要小心。3. be careful to do sth 小心地去做某事。如：You must be careful not to tell him about it. 你必须注意不要把此事告诉他。注：该句型有时可与后接 that 从句的句型转换。如：Be careful not to be late. / Be careful that you dontbelate. 注意别迟到。比较以下一组句子：Hes careful t

20、o read every sentence. 他注意读(即不漏读)每一个句子。He is careful in reading every sentence. 他读每个句子都很仔细。4. be careful wh-clause 小心。如：Do be careful what you say. 说话一定要小心。Be careful how you hold it. 小心拿好。注：有时接 that-clause。如：Be careful(that) you dont break it(=Be careful

21、 not to break it). 小心不要把它打破了。careless1. be careless of about, with sth 对某事很粗心。如：Hes careless of about his appearance. 他不修边幅。Shes careless of about the consequences. 他不顾后果。Dont be so careless with your money. 别这么乱花钱。2. be careless 

22、to do sth 粗心地做了某事。如：He was careless to make some mistakes. 他很粗心，结果出了些错。注：该结构中的不定式为结果状语。3. be careless in doing sth 做某事时很粗心。如：He was careless in typing the letter. 他打印这封信时很粗心。4. Its careless of sb to do sth 某人做某

23、事很粗心。如：It was careless of you to leave the room unlocked. 你没有把门锁上真是太粗心(太大意)了。注：该结构可与以下句型互换。如：You were careless to leave the room unlocked.carry1. carry away(1) 带走，拿走，搬走，冲走，抢走。如：Please carry the table away. 请把桌子搬走。The bridge was carried away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走。(2) 

24、;使非常兴奋或失去自制力。如：The music carried her away. 那音乐让她陶醉。Dont be carried away by success. 不要让成功冲昏了头脑。2. carry off(1) 拿走，带走，搬走。如：Carry the empty bottles off, please. 请把空瓶子拿走。(2) 获奖。如：He carried off most of the prizes for swimming. 他获得了游泳项目的大部分奖。(3) 成功在应付。如：It wa

25、s a difficult situation, but he carried if off. 那是个困难的局面，但他还是成功地应付了过去。3. carry on(1) 继续下去，进行下去。如：Dont stop - carry on, everyone. 大家不要停下，继续干。Please carry on with your work. 请继续工作。注：这样用的 carry on 通常不及物，其后不接宾语或借助介词with 带宾语。(2) 继续，进行。如：We will carry on o

26、ur discussion tomorrow. 我们明天将继续讨论。When he left I carried on his research. 他走了，我继续他的研究工作。注：这样用的 carry on 通常是及物的，其宾语通常是 fight,war, struggle, conversation, experiment, strike, movement等；有时可后接动名词。如：They carried on talking as if nothing was happening. 他们继续谈话，好像什么也没发生似的。4.

27、60;carry out(1) 进行，开展，完成。如 ：We all have certain jobs to carry out. 我们大都有一些工作要完成。The operation was carried out successfully. 手术进行得很成功。注：其后通常接的宾语有 experiment, operation, enquiry, test,investigation 等。(2) 实现，执行，贯彻。如：Once a decision is reached, it must be firmly c

28、arried out. 决议一旦作出，就必须坚决执行。We expect her to carry out her promises. 我们希望她履行诺言。注：其后通常接的宾语有 plan, decision, reform, promise, policy, order, wish, idea 等。5. carry through(1) 成功地完成。如：Its a difficult job but he is the person to carry it through. 那是项困难的工作，但他是能胜任的。He

29、 carried through the work in a month. 他在一个月之内就完成了工作。(2) 帮助渡过难关。如：His courage carried him through (his illness). 他的勇气使他战胜了疾病。case1. in any case 不管怎样，无论如何。如：In any case, youll have to be at the station by nine. 无论如何你九点钟得赶到车站。It may rain tomorrow, but we are goin

30、g home in any case. 明天可能下雨，但不管怎样我们都打算回家去。2. in case(1) 如果，万一(用作连词，表示条件)。如：In case he comes, let me know. 如果他来，告诉我一声。If case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请请醒我一下。(2) 以防，免得(用作连词，表示目的)。如：Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞，以防下雨。Be quiet

31、in case you should wake the baby. 安静些，免得把婴儿吵醒。(3) 以防万一，免得(用作副词)：You had better carry some money in case. 你最好带些钱，以防万一(要用)。It may not rain, but you had better take an umbrella incase. 可能不会下雨，但你最好还是带把雨伞，以防万一。3. in case of 如果，万一，以防(用作介词，表示条件或目的)。如：In case of fire,

32、 call 119. 万一失火，就打119电话。Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞，以防下雨。4. in no case 绝不，在任何情况下都不。如：You should in no case tell her about it. 你绝不能把此事告诉她。注：若置于句首，句子用倒装。如：In no case should you give up. 你绝不能放弃。5. in that case 既然那样，假若是那样的话。

33、如：In that case come a little earlier. 既然那样，就早些来。You dont like your job? In that case why dont you leave? 你不喜欢你的工作，那你为什么不辞掉呢?cat1. cats and dogs(1) 水火不容。如：They are like cats and dogs. 他们水火不容。(2) 下倾盆大雨。如：It was raining cats and dogs. 天正下着倾盆大雨。2. let

34、60;the cat out of the bag (无意中)泄露秘密。如：I wanted mothers present to be a secret, but my sister let the cat out of the bag. 给母亲的礼物我原想保密，但妹妹却露了马脚。catch1. catch at 抓住，采纳。如：A drowning man will catch a straw. 快淹死的人一根稻草也要抓。They caught at the idea. 

35、他们采纳了这个意见。2. catch on(1) 挂住，钩住。如：Her coat caught on the nail. 她的大衣给钉子钩住了。(2) 受欢迎，流行。如：The new song caught on quickly. 那首歌很快就流行开来。(3) 领会，理解，懂得。如：He is very quick (slow) to catch on. 他理解得很快(慢)。I dont quite catch on to what he is saying. 我不大理解他在讲什么。3. c

36、atch sb doing sth 发现(撞见，逮住)某人正在做某事。如：The teacher caught him sleeping in class. 老师发现他在上课时睡觉。We caught him (in the act of) stealing. 他正在行窃被我们逮个正着。4. catch sb out 发现某人有错。如：Ask me anything you like - you wont catch me out. 你尽管问吧，决问不倒我。5. catch&

37、#160;up 赶上，追上。如：If you miss a lot of lessons, its very difficult to catch up. 要是你耽误很多课，你会很难上赶上的。Will we catch up with Japan industrial production? 我们能在工业生产上赶上日本吗?注：catch sb up 常可与 catch up with sb 互换。如：You go ahead and I will catch you up catch up with youlater. 我一

38、会儿就会赶上你的。6. catch up on (doing) sth 赶做，弥补。如：Ive a lot of work to catch up on. 我有很多工作要赶做。I have to catch up on writing letters tonight so I cant go out. 今晚我要赶写几封信，所以不能出去。cause1. cause sb sth 给某人引来(带来)某事物。如：The car caused me a lot of trouble.

39、 这车给我引来了不少麻烦。He caused his parents much unhappiness. 他弄得他父母很不愉快。2. cause sb (sth) to do sth 使某人(某事物)做某事。如：The cold weather caused the plants to die. 天气寒冷冻死了植物。What caused your wife to change her mind? 是什么使你的妻子改变了主意?certain1. be certain

40、 of about sth 对某事有把握或感到自信。如：Hes certain of success. 他自信会成功。Are you certain of about that? 你对此有把握吗?2. be certain to do sth 肯定会发生某事。如：Shes certain to pass the exam. 她考试肯定会及格。Spring is certain to follow winter. 冬季过后一定是春天。注：该结构有时可用

41、60;I am certain that 来转换。如：He is certain to come. / I am certain that he will come. 他肯定会来。3. be certain of doing sth 确信会发生某事。如：He is certain of winning the match. 他确信能赢这场比赛。注：该结构有时可与后接 that 从句的句型转换。如：He is certain of passing the exam. / He is ce

42、rtain that hecan pass the exam. 她确信考试会及格。4. for certain 有把握，肯定地。如：I dont know for certain. 我知道得不确切。I cant say for certain when he will come. 我不敢肯定地说他什么时候来。5. make certain 弄清楚，弄得有把握，核实。如：(1) 单独使用。如：I think the train leaves at six oclock but you ought

43、to make certain. 我想火车是六点开吧，但你应该查清楚。(2) 后接 that 从句。如：Make certain (that) you know what time the train leaves. 你要弄清楚火车开出的确切时间。(3) 后接 of 短语。如：You must make certain of the date of the meeting. 你必须把开会的日期弄清楚。We went to the theatre early and made certain of gett

44、ing seats. 我们去戏院很早，以便可弄到座位。注：有时以上各结构可互相转换。如：Make certain of his safe arrival. / Make certain that he arrived safe. 弄清楚他是否安全抵达了。chance1. the chance to do of doing sth 做某事的机会。如：It is a good chance to try of trying it. 那是尝试的好机会。I wish to have a cha

45、nce to go of going to college. 我希望有个机会上大学。注：the chance of (doing) sth 有时也可表示“做某事的可能性”。如：He had a good chance of success. 他成功的可能性很大。Is there any chance of getting tickets for tonights performance? 有可能搞到今晚演出的票吗?2. by chance 偶然地，无意中。如：I met her quite by chance. 我

46、遇见她完全是偶然的。Did he do so on purpose or by chance? 他这样做是有意的还是无意的?change1. change sth for sth 用某物换来某物。如：Youd better change that shirt for a large one. 你最好把那件衬衣去换件大号的。2. change sth into sth 把某物变成(换成)某物。如：We can change ice into water by heating i

47、t. 通过加热我们可以把冰变成水。Mr Smiths changed his dollars into francs. 史密斯先生把美元换成了法郎。比较以下两句介用 for 和 into 所导致含义的差别：The singer changed his piano for a computer. 这位歌唱家用他的钢琴换了台电脑。The magician changed the piano into a computer. 这位魔术师把钢琴变成了电脑。3. for a change

48、0;为了改变一下，换换花样。如：Lets go to a restaurant for a change. 我们换个花样，去餐馆吃一顿吧。Why not try going by boat for a change? 为什么不试着坐船去，这样也可以换换花样?charge1. have charge of sth sb 负责照顾或管理某物或某人。如：He has charge of the branch. 他主管分店。Doctors have charge of sick people. 医生负责

49、照顾病人。2. in charge of 负责管理，主管。如：Mr Smith is in charge of the factory. 史密斯先生负责管理这个工厂。Mary is in charge of the children. 玛丽负责照顾这些孩子。注：有时可以不出现 of 短语。如：Who is in charge here? 这里谁负责?3. in the charge of 在的管理(负责)之下。如：The factory is in the

50、 charge of my father. 这家工厂由我父亲负责。比较：Mr Smith is in charge of our class. Our class is in the charge of Mr Smith. 我们班由史密斯先生负责。注：in the charge of 中的介词 in 有时可换为 under。如：The baby is in under her charge. 这个婴儿由她照看。4. take charge of 管理，负责。如：Soon he

51、 will take charge of the department. 他很快会来负责管理这个部门。The department was badly organized until she took charge(of it). 这个部门在她负责管理以前组织工作做得很差。5. charge some money for sth 因为某事物而索取钱。如：How much do you charge for a room with a bath? 一间带浴室的房间要多少钱?Theyll charge at

52、least 50 dollars for doing it. 做这工作他们至少要索50美元。注：若要指明是向谁而索，可在 charge 后加 sb。如：He charged me five dollars for this magazine. 这本杂志他向我要了五美元。Im not going there again - they charged me $2foracup of coffee. 我再也不去那里了- 一杯咖啡就要了我一美元。6. charge

53、 sb with sth 指控某人做某事，因为某事而控告某人。如：She charged him with cheating. 她告他进行欺骗。The police are going to charge him with murder. 警方准备控告他谋杀罪。注：该结构常用于被动语态形式。如：He was charged with stealing. 他被指控偷盗。cheat1. cheat at in, on sth 在某事当中舞弊。如：He always ch

54、eats at cards. 他在玩牌时总是作弊。Students mustnt cheat in on examinations. 学生不准在考试时舞弊。2. cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物。如：He cheated me (out) of my money. 他骗了我的钱。He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了。3. cheat sb into

55、60;(doing) sth 骗某人做某事。如：He cheated her into marrying him. 他骗她嫁给他。The man cheated me into believing the beliefthatheis very rich. 这个人骗我相信他很有钱。check1. check in(到旅馆等)登记，(向大会等)报到，(上班等)签到，办理(乘飞机等)手续。如：I havent checked in at the hotel yet. 我还没有到旅馆办理登记手续。Everyone has to c

56、heck in at the office by eight oclock. 所有人都得在八点钟到办公室(签到)上班。2. check sth in(1) 托运某物。如：Ill check in my baggage. 我将把行李托运。(2) 寄存某物。如：Is there a place we can check in our coats? 有暂存大衣的地方吗?cheer1. cheer sb on 给某人打气The officer cheered his men on.&

57、#160;军官给部下打气。We did our best to cheer him up when he was about to give up. 当他将要放弃时我们尽力鼓励他。2. cheer (sb) up (使某人)高兴起来。如：What the teacher said cheered all the students. 老师说的话使所有的学生都高兴起来。He cheered up at once when I promised to help him. 我答应帮助他时，他马上高兴起来。choice1. 

58、choice between A and B 在A与B之间的选择。如：He has his choice between A and B. 他可以在A, B两者之间任选一个。His father gave him a choice between a recorder and a bicycle. 他父亲让他在录音机和自行车之间选一样。2. have no choice but to do sth除了做某事外别无选择，只好做做某事。如：We had no

59、choice but to do what we were asked to do. 我们只好照办。He has no choice but to go with them. 他没有办法， 只好跟他们去。3. make ones choice 作出选择。如：What influenced you when you made your choice? 在你做出选择时你受了什么影响?You may make your choice for one dollar. 每样一元，你可以任意选择。注：有时也用动词&#

60、160;take。如：Make Take your choice. 你随意选吧。4. by for choice 出于自择，凭爱好。如：He lives here by choice. 他自愿选择住在这里。I should take this one for choice. 要挑我就挑这个。5. out of from choice 愿意地，出于自愿。如：He helped us out of choice. 他出于自愿帮助我们。She lives in the c

61、ountry from choice. 他愿意住在乡下。choose1. cannot choose but do sth 不得不做某事。如：He cannot choose but obey. 他不得不服从。She could not choose but leave her children at home. 她只好把孩子们留在家里。2. choose between A and B 在A, B两者之间选择。如：He had to choos

62、e between death and dishonour. 他必须在死亡和屈辱之间作出选择。注：在现代英语中也可用 choose between A or B。如：She had to choose between giving up her job or hiring a nanny. 她得在放弃工作和雇佣保姆之间作一选择。3. choose sb as to be选某人担任We chose him as to be chairman. 我们选他当主席。The Americans chose Mr C

63、linton as to be president. 美国人选择了克林顿先生当总统。4. choose to do sth(1) 决定做某事。如：We chose to go by train. 我们决定乘火车去。He chose not to go home. 他决定不回家。(2) 愿意或宁愿做某事。如：He chose to stay at home. 他宁意呆在家里。He didnt choose to marry her. 他不愿同她结婚。5. choose 

64、;sb sth 为某人选择某物。如：He chose her a nice present. 他为她选了一件漂亮的礼物。Will you help me choose myself a new coat? 请你帮我选件新大衣好吗?注：该结构可与带介词 for 的结构转换。如上面第一句可说成:He chose a nice present for me.church1. go to church 去教堂做礼拜。如：Im going to church today. 我今天去做礼拜。How

65、 often do you go to church? 你隔多久去一次礼拜?比较：go to the church 去教堂(不一定是做礼拜)2. at in church 在做礼拜。如：They are at in church. 他们在教堂做礼拜。比较：They are at in the church. 他们在教堂里。cinemago to the cinema 去看电影。如：He often goes to the cinema with his girl-friend

66、. 他经常同他女朋友一起去看电影。clever1. be clever at 善于，擅长。如：Hes clever at English. 他擅长英语。She is clever at making excuses. 她善于找借口。2. be clever with 善于使用。如：George is clever with his pen. 乔治善于写文章。She is clever with her fingers hands. 她的手很灵巧。3. Its

67、0;clever of sb to do sth 某人做某事很聪明。如：Its clever of her to refuse him. 她拒绝他那是明智的。注：以上句型也可换成：She is clever to refuse them. college1. at in college 读大学。如：We were at in college together. 我们大学是同学。He studied hard at college. 他上大学时读书很用功。2

68、. go to college 上大学。如：He went to college in London. 他在伦敦上大学。Our daughter is going to college this autumn. 我们的女儿今年秋天就要上大学了。come1. come about (某情况)发生：Do you know how this thing come about? 你知道这事是怎样发生的吗?2. come across(1) 被理解(不及物)：What he said did not really come across. 他说的话没有被很好的理解。(2) 给予印象(不及物)：He came across well to my mother. 他给我母亲的印象很好。(3) (偶然)发现或遇见：Perhaps I shall come across him in Paris. 也许我会在巴黎见到他。3. come along(1) 一道去：Come along, Ill show you to