美国政体 - 副本

1、The polity of The United States The federal government is composed of three branches: LegislativeJudicialExecutive Legislative（立法）The United States Capitol(国会大厦), which houses the United States Congress.(美国国会) The United States Congress, made up of the Senate(参议院，上院)and the House of Representatives,

2、 (众议院) makes federal law, declares war, approves treaties, has the power of the purse, and has the power of impeachment,(弹劾) by which it can remove sitting members of the government. Judicial(司法)the United States Supreme Court building(最高法院)3. The judicial branch(司法司法) is headed by the Supreme Court

3、 (最高法院最高法院) with a chief justice and 8 associate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power(复查权), the power determining whether congressional le

4、gislation or executive action violates the Constitution.Executive(行政)2. The executive branch(行政行政) of the Federal government is known as the Administration. The branch includes the President and his cabinet. Its chief executive officer, the President, is also the head of state. As the most prominent

5、 figure in America, the President is also known as the First Citizen, with his wife being called the First Lady. The Vice-President has no constitutional powers except that he serves as chairman of the Senate and performs the role assigned by the President. The Democratic Party(民主党民主党), which is tho

6、ught to be more liberal and the symbol of which is the donkey (Under President Franklin Roosevelts “New Deal”, Democrats set up government programs that provided paid employment for people building dams and roads and public buildings and Social Security社会保障制度社会保障制度, which ensures that those who are retired or disabled receive monthly payments from the government ) The Republican Party(共和党共和党), which is believed to be more conservative and the symbol of which is the elephant.（Republicans place more emphasis on private enterprise and often accuse the Demo