初三二轮复习冠 词 专 题

1、初三二轮复习 冠 词 专 题冠词的概念：冠词是置于名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有两种，一种是定冠词(the)，一种是不定冠词(a、an)。考点一：不定冠词a/an的用法1. 表示泛指“一（个）或一类”（基本用法）e.g. A plane is a machine. (表一类) He is an office worker. （表一个）2. 用于序数词前，表示“又一”e.g. He failed twice, but he still wanted to try a third time.3. 用在表示价格、速度、比率等名词前，表示“每一”e.g.

2、 three times a day 50 yuan a kilo ten miles an hour 4、固定搭配： have a rest/break , quite a few , go for a walk, make a telephone call【中考真题再现】( )1.What are you going to be when you grow up? - teacher like you. A. A B. An C. The D. /( )2.-Why do you like Jack? -Because he is honest boy. A. a B. an C. the

3、 D. ( )3. -I know you have seen the film. Why did you buy a ticket once more? -I want to see it .A. the second time B. a second time C. twice D. two times( )4. Lets have break; I want to make telephone call. A. a; a B. a; the C. the ; a D. the ; the来源考点二：不定冠词a/an 的区别观察下表总结a/an的区别：Aaan apple/ an aunt

4、/ an Asian country/ an American girl Ee1、a European country2、an eight-year-old boy/ an egg/ an 11-year-old boyIian idea/an interesting story来源:Zxxk.ComOo1、a one-eyed wolf 2、an orange/ an old man/ an outgoing girlUu1、a useful book/ a university/ a UFO/ a usual story2、an umbrella/ / an uncle/ an unusu

5、al story/ an unhappy boy特别记1、an hour an honest boy2、以元音音素开头的字母：an “a, e, _,”来口诀记忆： 用a用an有规律, 不看 看 ，不见原因(元音)不施恩(n).【中考真题再现】( )1.-What do you want to be in the future, Nick? - I want to be pilot. It is exciting job. A. a; a B. a; an C. the, an D. a; the( )2. As we know, England is European country and

6、 Singapore is Asian country. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an考点三：定冠词the的用法1、 特指的人或事之前。 This is the man we talked about yesterday. 2、 指谈话双方知道的人或事。 Take the medicine after meals. 3、 上文已经提及的人或事。 There is a new book on the desk. Give me the book.4、 用在姓氏复数之前，表示一家人或夫妇俩(两人以上) . the Wangs the Smiths.5、 用

7、于西方乐器名词前。play the piano/ the violin （切记: play erhu ）6、 用在形容词最高级前。7、 用在序数词之前。8、 世上独一无二的天体名词前。 the sun/ the moon/ the earth/ the world (on Mars; in nature space history)9、 用于普通名词构成的专有名词前。（说普通不普通）the United States, the Peoples Republic of China，the Great Wall, the Summer Palace. (也含用在江河湖海、山脉名词之前。the Ye

8、llow River/ the Pacific Ocean)10、用在“某世纪某年代”前,. in the 2020s/in the 2020s (21世纪20年代/本世纪20年代)11、用在方位及身体部位名词前。 (in) the east(东方). on the right/left. on the head/ in the eye;12、用在某些形容词前，表一类人（表复数） The rich should help the poor. 13、用在习惯用语中 in the morning/ afternoon/evening; in the open air【中考真题再现】( )1. Th

9、eres apple on the table. apple is for my little brother. A. a, An B. an, An C. the, An D. an, The( )2. -Whos that lovely girl? -You mean girl with long hair? Thats Kate. A. a B. an C. the D. /( )3. -What useful book it is ! Yeah, it tells you how to play guitar. A. an, the B. a, a C. a, the D. an ,a

10、 ( )4. We should often help poor. A. a B. / C. the D. an( )5. are planning to go on vacation. A. Blacks B. A Blacks C. The Blacks D. The Blacks考点四：零冠词（不用冠词）的情况1、 一日三餐、各门学科前。2、 球类运动和棋类游戏名词前不加冠词。 3、 在星期, 季节,月份,年份、节假日前。 On Sunday, in September, in summer , in 1998, on Childrens Day.4、 在称呼或表示官衔，职位名词前不加冠

11、词。Uncle Wang, Professor Li5、 在专有名词（人名、地名：国名,城市名，）前不用冠词。 6、 名词前有this, that, these, those, my, your , some, any, no, every等时，不加冠词。7、同一个人含有两种职位时，第二个名词前不加冠词。A teacher and writer(老师兼作家)8、某些固定词组中，不加冠词： at home by mistake, learn by heart, in sight day and night, year after year; at noon at work at home by

12、bus by air On footfrom morning till night at night go to school go to bed at last【常考易错点】、不定冠词 a，an 的区别a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，判断一个词是元音开头，还是辅音开头，是根据其读音，而不是根据其字母。e.g. Its an interesting movie. There is an “ h” in the word “ hour” . （）在 26个字母中，前面用 an 的字母有“ a， e， f， h， i， l，m， n， o， r， s， x” ，其

13、他用 a。（）要注意区别以 u 开头的单词an umbrella， an unusual story， an unhappy boy， a university， a useful book, a European 2、有、无定冠词的区别以下词组中加定冠词 the 或不加冠词时，意义有较大差异。in hospital住院in the hospital在医院at table在吃饭at the table坐在桌边in prison坐牢in the prison在监狱里in front of在（外部的）前面in the front of在（内部的）前部go to school上学go to the

14、school到那所学校去go to college上大学go to the college到那所大学去leave school毕业leave the school离开学校on earth究竟on the earth在地球上3、序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别“ the 序数词” 表示“ 第几” ； “ a 序数词” 表示“ 又一，再一” 。 e.g. You are so close to the answer. Try a second time. 4、a number of 与 the number ofa number of 意思是“ 许多”，相当于 a lot of；作主语时谓语动词

15、用复数形式the number of 意思是“ 的数目，的数量 ” ，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。5、a、an 特殊位置（）当名词被 such， half， what 修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词后。 e.g. I have never seen such a beautiful bird before. He bought half a kilo of pork. What an amazing flower! （）当名词前面的形容词前有 so，how，too 等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词后。e.g. He is so forgetful a person that you have to r

16、emind him of something again and again. How tall a tree it is! （）当名词前面有形容词 quite，rather 或 very 时，不定冠词置于 quite 和 rather 之后，very 之前。quite an attractive film rather a lazy guy a very smart boy 【中考真题再现】( ) 1. -How long does it take us to go to your hometown here?-It takes us hour or more to go to my hom

17、etown by train. A. an, a B. a, / C. the , the D. an, /( )2. -Did you get there by bike? -No , I took taxi. A. a, an B./ , a C. the , the D. a, the( )3. John can play _ guitar, but he cant play _ chess. (play football / chess / cards) A. the, / B. /, the C. the, the D. a, a 来( )4. From moon, we can s

18、ee Pacific. A. a, / B. a, the C. the, / D. the , the( )5. China is not China in the old days. Its becoming stronger and stronger. A. A, / B. A, the C. /, the D. The , the固定搭配:have a walk 散步 have a rest 休息 have a look 看一看 in a hurry 匆匆忙忙 make a face 做鬼脸 do somebody a favour 帮某人忙 a number of 许多 the nu

19、mber of .的数目 have a good time 玩得愉快as a rule 通常 as a result 结果 have a cold 感冒have a headache 头痛 in the morning 上午 in the sun 在阳光下 in the daytime 白天 in the end 最终 on the other hand 另一方面 play the piano 弹钢琴 play football 踢足球 at table 在吃饭； at the table 在桌子旁 in class 在上课 in the class 在班级中 by sea 乘船 go to

20、school 去上学; go to the school 到那所学校去go to bed 上床睡觉; go to the bed 到床那边去能力测试 阅读短文 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。(2015溧水一模) Under the Dome is a 104- minute smog documentary made by ChaiJing. Millions of people in China have watched it s _1 4 March, 2015. Instead of t 2 us something about smog or serious air poll

21、ution, this documentary gives some insight into how to solve the problem. 1.since 2. telling 3. How 4. far 5. call/contact 6. anyH _ 3 can every one of us protect our environment? Here are some tips from the video: If the place you need to go to is not f _ 4 away, take a bus or the underground. Ridi

22、ng a bicycle is also a good choice. 7. choose 8. our 9. happily / healthily 10.toIf you find a restaurant or a factory is harmful to the environment, such as letting out fumes(燃料) or dirty gas into the air, talk to them or c 5 12369 to complain. Dont have meals or buy a 6 products from those kinds o

23、f restaurants and factories.If you cook at home, c 7 clean energy for your kitchen and clean your cooking machine in the kitchen regularly to avoid extra fumes.Protecting our environment is everyones business. If we can try o 8 best to do something good to the environment, we will live h 9 under the

24、 blue sky and the white cloud. Remember, everyone can make a contribution t _ 10 protecting the environment. So we can start from now on to make a beautiful life阅读理解： (2014盐城中考c) C A C B What do you do in a situation like this? Youre calling dinner with friends at a nice restaurant. Youre having a g

25、reat time when a phone rings at the table next to you. A man takes out his phone and starts talking loudly about problems hes having with his girlfriend. He talks for almost ten minutes! This happens all the timeon buses, in restaurants, everywhere! Many people find cell phones useful in their daily

26、 lives. But weve all sat next to someone talking too loudly on a cell phone. You may want to tell the loudmouth to end the conversation, but let the management take care of those noisy customers. You can only control your own behavior. Here are a few rules: Off means off! Follow the rules of restaur

27、ants and other public places. If a sign says “turn off cell phones”, dont use your phone. If you are allowed, speak softly and for a short time and try to move away form other people. Lights off, phone off! Never make calls in a theater or at the movies. Pay attention! Talking on a cell phone while

28、driving is dangerous. And watch where youre going when youre walking down the streets and talking on the phone. As more people use cell phones, things are only going to get worse. So, the next time youre getting ready to make a call, stop and consider the people around you.1. The man talking on the

29、cell phone loudly in the restaurant will _. A. talk for half an hour B. pay more for his meal C. make other customers angry D. be driven out by the boss 2. Some people use cell phones in a rude way because_. A. they dont consider the people around them B. some public places allow them to do so C. th

30、ey are proud of having cell phones D. cell phones are common and available everywhere3. According to the passage, we shouldnt make calls _. A. in restaurants B. on buses C. at the movies D. on the street4. From the passage we can infer(推断）that _. A. cell phones have become the most useful tool in ou

31、r life B. public manners play an important role in our life C. cell phones lead to peoples bad relationship D. people ought to turn cell phones off in a public places阅读下面短文，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每空1个词。(2015溧水一模)Self-respect is a very important part of a great life. Self-respect is a feeling of being

32、 happy about ones characters, abilities and beliefs. If we are short of self-respect, we will be unsafe. Developing self-respect means developing self-confidence to deal with whatever life throws at us. The following are some ways we can improve our self-respect.There is great social stress from par

33、ents, work and society to become a certain person and to achieve certain goals. A real self-respect is important that you believe in your own values and remember what is important to you. Other people think you should behave in a certain way, but it doesnt mean they are right. Everyone needs to foll

34、ow his or her own path. Even if others dont respect your decision, it is important that you do. 1.importance/ value 2. develop / improve 3. follow Nobody likes criticism(批评). To keep a sense of self-respect, we need to learn how to deal with criticism. Dont take criticism personally. Dont get sad by

35、 the things other people say or do. Maybe it is completely untrue, so pay no attention to it. If there is some truth, we can use it to develop our characters. However, it is important not to take criticism too personally.Jealousy(嫉妒) of other peoples success is a common way of losing our happiness a

36、nd self-respect. Jealousy is simply envy of other peoples success. We feel unhappy when we cannot enjoy their success. The truth is that there will always be some people more successful than us. The method for lasting self-respect is to be happy with others success.If you have no respect for others,

37、 how can you have self-respect? It isnt right to feel better by putting others down. If we look for good qualities in other people, it is easier to remember the good qualities in ourselves.Forgive others and yourself. Dont live in the past, but move on from the past mistakes and difficult situations

38、. If your mind is full of problems in the past, you will always feel ashamed and sad. Self-respect comes when we value our attitude towards life and other people. 4. sad / unhappy 5. loss6. successful7. wrong 8. easily 9. with10. result/ resultsSometimes we work with the best of motives(动机) only to

39、be disappointed by the result. It is the nature of life that things will not turn out as we hoped, but it is a mistake to link our sense of self-respect to the achievement of targets.TitleHow to develop respect for yourselfThemeKeeping a sense of self-respect is of great (1) to a great life.Idea of

40、self-respectSelf-respect is a feeling of being happy with ones characters, abilities and beliefs. It can make one (2)_ self-confidence of dealing with all kinds of problems in ones life.Ways to developSelf-respectBeing true to yourselfBelieve in your own values and (3)_ your own path.Learning to dea

41、l with criticismNever get (4) by things other people do or say.Pay no attention to untrue criticism and try to make progress from true criticism.Avoiding jealousyJealousy will lead to the (5)_ of your happiness and self-respect.Learn to be happy when others become (6)_ .Respecting othersIt is (7)_ t

42、o feel better by putting others down.Look for the good qualities in other people and we can remember ours more (8)_ .ForgivingMove on from the past mistakes made by others or yourself.Dont let your mind filled (9)_ the mistakes in the past.Remembering your motives, not your (10) It is normal that we

43、 work with strong motives, but fail to make achievement.完形填空：(2015溧水一模)16-20 CCBDA 21-25 BACDBI always felt sorry for people in wheelchairs. Some people, old and weak, cannot 16 by themselves. 17 seem perfectly healthy, dressed in business suits. But whenever I saw someone in a wheelchair, I didnt w

44、ant to treat him or her as a real person. Then I fainted(晕倒) at Euro Disney 18 low blood pressure. This was the first time I had ever fainted, and my parents said that I must 19 for a while after First Aid. 20_ I stepped towards the door, I saw my dad pushing a wheelchair in my direction! I could no

45、t believe this was happening to me. Wheelchairs were 21 for other people but not for me. As my father wheeled me out into the main street, people began to treat me differently at once. People looked down at me, pity in their eyes. Then they would look away, maybe because they thought the 22 they for

46、got me, the better I will feel. “I am just like you!” I wanted to scream. “The only 23 is that youve got legs, and I have wheels. ”Looking out at the faces, I finally understood: I was once just like them. I 24 people in wheelchairs exactly the way they did not want to be treated. I realized it is s

47、ome of us with two healthy legs who are 25 disabled. We should respect every one.16. A. look around B. talk aboutC. get around D. make out 17. A. otherB. anotherC. othersD. the others18. A. such as B. because ofC. in order toD. for example19.A.sleepB. breakC. leaveD. rest20. A. asB. untilC. afterD.

48、before21. A. sadB. fineC. light D. cheap22. A. faster B. happierC. soonerD. harder23. A. choice B. advantageC. differenceD. difficulty24.A. neededB. thoughtC. greetedD. treated25. A. badlyB. trulyC. mostlyD. likelyHomework: 阅读下面短文，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每空1个词。Criticism (批评) is everywhere in life. It

49、is up to you to decide how to react to it. Learn how to deal with criticism and lead a happier and more relaxing life.Ask yourself how the criticism will affect you. Will you lose your job because of the criticism? Will you lose what is important to you because you are criticized? Will life stop exi

50、sting if your opinions are not accepted? Surely not! So, dont worry about it. Instead, remember that some criticism actually helps you make some improvements.You absolutely cannot stop what people say. What you can do, however, is to change the way you react to criticism. If you let it upset you, th

51、en the blame is on you. You have the right to decide what to do with the criticism you receive.Dont be afraid to accept criticism. No one likes to be told that he is wrong. Yet, every single person has, at one time or another, been blamed for something. Realize that its normal. You may have received some strong criticism, but it doesnt mean that you are foolish, or that you dont have the ability to do something properly. If you are afraid to put your work out for others to