年考研大纲词汇

1、Page42 uglyDJ'?QiKK' ? di adj.难看的 , 丑陋的 , 难听的 Don't believe the ugly rumours. 不要听信那些不堪入耳的谣言。 有敌意的 , 阴险的 ; 不祥的 The situation was getting more ugly. 情况变得更恶劣了。Ugly clouds gathered on the horizon. 乌云在地平线上密集。ultimateD.J.'?ltimitK.K.' ?lt?m?t adj.最后的 , 最终的 What was his ultimate goal? 他

2、的最终目标是什么 ? 基本的 , 根本的The sun is the ultimate store of power. 太阳是能量之本。最大的 , 极限程度的The ultimate luxury of the trip was flying in Concorde. 这一行程中最大的享受就是乘坐协和式飞机。 ultravioletD.J.,?ltr?'vai?litK.K., ?ltr?'va?l?t adj.（光）紫外的It's called ultraviolet rays. 它被叫做紫外线。 umbrellaD.J.?m'brel?K.K. ?m'

3、;br?l? n.（雨）伞Umbrella and raincoats are what people need in rainy days. 伞和雨衣都是下雨天人们要用的。起保护作用的力量 势力 They operated under the umbrella of the police. 他们在警方的掩护下采取了行动。unanimousD.J.ju:'n?nim ?sK.K.j ?'n?n ?m?s adj.全体一致的 ; 一致同意的 ; 无异议的The members were unanimous in approving the project. 成员们一致同意批准这个

4、计划。uncleD.J.' ?klK.K.' ?k?ln.伯父, 叔父, 舅父, 姑父, 姨父I'll go to see your uncle presently. 我一会儿就去看望你叔叔。uncoverD.J., ?n'k ?v ?K.K. ?n'k?v?vt.揭开的盖子Please uncover the pot.请拿掉锅盖。In spring we uncover the swimming pool. 春天我们移去游泳池的覆盖物。The dish had been uncovered when I entered the kitchen. 我进厨

5、房时 , 那盘菜已被掀开。揭露 , 发现It was two young reporters who uncovered the whole plot. 是两位年轻记者揭露了整个阴谋。Geologists uncovered the hidden riches. 地质学家发现了地下的宝藏。We ought to look below the surface of things and then uncover the essence of them. 我们应该透过事物的表面进行观察 , 然后揭示其本质。His criminal activities were finally uncovered

6、. 他的犯罪活动最终被揭露出来。underD.J.' ?nd?K.K.' ?nd?prep.在下面 , 在底下They lay down under the shade of a tree. 他们躺在一棵树的树阴下。The village nestles under the hill. 那村庄紧靠在山脚下。All this happened under his eye. 这一切都发生在他的眼皮底下。She was carry ing her han dbag un der her armpit whe n I saw her.我看到她时，她腋下夹着手提包。The old cha

7、ir sudde nly folded up un der him.那张旧椅子让他一坐突然被压垮了。This field has bee n laid un der grass.这块地已经长满了草。The soldiers stood firm un der gunfire of the en emy.士兵在敌人的炮火下不屈不挠。少于，低于His in come is un der £ 2000 a year.他每年的收入不到两千英镑。It is un der the origi nal.这低于原价。He cannot be un der thirty years of age.他的

8、年龄不会小于三十岁。It took us un der a day.我们用了不到一天的时间。在情况下，在过程中The car is un der repairs.这辆汽车在修理中。Don't overload your lecture with details that do not bear on the topic un der discussi on.讲课时不要过多地谈与本题无关的细节。在管辖下；在影响下She has three secretaries un der her.她手下有三名秘书。The army is un der the comma nd of Gen eral

9、 Smith.这支部队由史密斯将军指挥。We lear ned a great deal un der her teach ing.在她的教导下我们学到了很多东西。This falls un der the head rhetoric.这个属于修辞学项目。使用（某名称）He n ever wrote un der his real n ame.他从来不用真名实姓写作。He did n't atte nd that meeti ng un der the pretext of sick ness.他以生病为借口，没参加那个会议。根据的条款Un der the terms of the a

10、greeme nt, you have to pay a weekly rent.根据这份协议的条款，你得支付一周的房租。un derestimateD.J.,? nd?r'estimeitK.K.?n d?'?st?met vt.对估计不足，低估I underestimate the distance, and am exhausted. 没想到这么远 , 我可累坏了。, ?nd?r'estimitn. 估计不足 , 低估 undergoD.J.,? nd?'g?uKK, ?nd?' gvt. 经历 , 承受 He underwent a lot of

11、 hardships in his childhood. 他在童年时代经历了许多坎坷。The explorers had to undergo much suffering. 探险者不得不忍受很多困苦。This new plane is undergoing safety tests. 这架新型飞机正在接受安全试验。undergraduateD.J.,?nd?'gr?djuitK.K., ?nd?'gr?d ?u?tn.（未获学士学位的 ）大学生 , 大学肄业生 This is a course for undergraduates.这是为本科生开的一门课。Mr. Stone

12、spent his undergraduate days in Columbia University, majoring in economics. 斯通先生在哥伦比亚大学度过了他四年的大学生活 , 主修经济学。underground D.J.'?nd?graundK.K.' ?nd?,gra?nd adj.地下的There is an underground park here. 这里有一个地下停车场。地下组织的 , 秘密的The spy never told his family about his underground activities. 那个间谍从来不把他的地下

13、活动告诉他的家人。,?nd?'graund adv.在地下The railway track goes underground for a short distance. 铁轨有一段不长的路程铺设在地下。秘密地The news has been passed on underground. 这消息被秘密传开来。n.地铁London has a well-developed underground system. 伦敦的地铁很发达。地下组织或活动His father is a member of the underground. 他父亲是一名地下组织的成员。underlieD.J.,?n

14、d?'laiK.K., ?nd?'la?vt. 位于或存在于 （某物 ）之下 构成的基础（或起因）;引起I think a lack of confidence underlies his manner. 我认为他表现出的态度是因为他缺乏信心。 underlineD.J.,?nd?'lainK.K.' ?nd?,la?n, ,?nd?'la?nvt. 在下面画线Underline the sentence. 在这个句子下面画线。Please underline the noun clauses in the passage. 请用线画出短文中的名词性从句

15、。He underlined his signature with a little flourish. 他挥笔在签名下画了一条线。加强 , 强调That article underlined the same problem. 那篇文章强调了同一个问题。In his speech he underlined several points. 他在讲话中强调了几点。She underlined her disapproval of the proceedings by walking out. 她退席以表示不赞成这些做法。The sudden summoning of the Cabinet u

16、nderlines the seriousness of the situation. 内阁会议的突然召开 , 突出了局势的严重性。The accident at the factory underlines the need of better safety standards. 工厂里发生的事故表明了需要更高的安全标准。underlyingD.J.,?nd?'laii?K.K.' ?nd?,la?adj.根本的 , 基础的含蓄的 , 潜在的The underlying theme of the novel is very serious. 小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。Thi

17、s word has its underlying meaning. 这个单词有它潜在的含义。 undermine D.J., ?nd ?'main K.K., ?nd?'ma?n vt.在某物下挖洞或挖通道；侵蚀的基础Badgers had undermined the foundations of the church. 獾在这座教堂的地基处打了洞。The soldiers undermined the wall. 士兵们在墙下挖洞。Rivers undermine their banks. 河水冲刷堤基。The house is unsafe since the foun

18、dations were undermined by floods. 这栋房子不安全 , 因为地基被洪水损坏了。暗中破坏 ； 逐渐削弱 Illness undermined his strength. 疾病逐渐削弱了他的力气。Many severe colds undermined the old man's health. 多次严重的感冒损害了老人的健康。 Insults undermined her confidence. 一再受到侮辱之后 , 她渐渐丧失信心。She tried to undermine our friendship. 她试图破坏我们的友谊。These incid

19、ents could seriously undermine support for the police. 这些事件会严重影响对警方的支持。The President's enemies are spreading rumours to undermine his authority. 总统的敌人在散布谣言以逐渐破坏他的威信。underneathD.J.,? nd?' ni:0KK, ?nd?'ni 0prep. 在下面 ； 在底下The ball rolled underneath the table. 球滚到了桌下。What have you got undern

20、eath your shirt? 你的衬衫里面有什么 ?He staggered underneath a burden. 他在重负下摇摇晃晃。They lived underneath a crushing tyranny. 他们生活在难以忍受的暴政下。Underneath his rather severe manner, he is really very kindhearted. 他待人态度相当严厉 , 但心地确实十分善良。adv.在下面 底下 Have you looked underneath? 那底下你找过了吗 ?n. 底面 , 底部There's a crack on

21、the underneath of the bowl. 碗底有一道裂缝。understandD.J.,?nd?'st?ndK.K., ?nd?'st?nd vt. & vi.懂; 理解I didn't understand.我不懂。Don't always rely on others to understand and sympathize. 不要老是指望别人的理解和同情。My wife doesn't understand me. 我的妻子不了解我。Do you understand French? 你懂法语吗 ?I can't un

22、derstand neglecting children like that. 对孩子这样毫不经意 , 我不能理解。I can't understand him behaving like that. 我不能理解他那种行为。vt. 听说 , 获悉 ; 知道 , 认为Do you understand what to do next? 你们知道下一步该做什么吗 ?She doesn't understand how to look after you. 她不知道应该怎么照顾你。We understand that you'll be returning next year

23、. 我们知道你打算明年回来。It is understood that hard work can bring success. 不言而喻 , 艰苦的工作可带来成功。I understand him to be a distant relation. 我知道他是一位远亲。He is understood to be a man of ability. 他被认为是一个有能力的人。I understood him to say that he wouldn't be able to come. 我听他说过他不能来。The President is understood to have se

24、cretly left the country. 人们获悉总统已秘密地离开了这个国家。understandingD.J.,?nd?'st?ndi?K.K., ?nd?'st?nd?n.了解; 相互理解 , 谅解; （非正式 ）协议This argument aimed at the understanding rather than the emotions. 这场辩论针对的是理解而不是感情。We have reached an understanding with them. 我们和他们达成了协议。理解 （力）; 认识His understanding of English

25、is good. 他对英语的理解力很好。We must have a clear understanding of the problem. 我们对这一问题必须有一个清醒的认识。adj.体谅的 ; 谅解的 ; 通情达理的The youth was fortunate in having understanding parents. 这个青年有通情达理的父母 , 真幸运。Because she is understanding, people around her confide in her. 因为她通情达理 , 周围的人都相信她。Try to be understanding. 请多谅解。S

26、he was understanding about what happened. 她了解所有发生的事。undertakeD.J.,?nd?'teikK.K., ?nd?'tekvt.担任, 承揽 ; 保证I want you to undertake all the responsibility. 我要你承担所有的责任。Who will undertake the job of decorating the auditorium? 谁来负责装饰礼堂的工作 ?I'll leave you to undertake an important mission. 我要让你承担

27、一项重要使命。The lawyer undertook the case. 该律师承办这个案子。He undertook the leadership of the team. 他担任了这个团队的领导。If the equipment is not up to the agreed specifications and quality, we will undertake to replace them.如果设备达不到议定的规格质量 , 我们将负责调换。I can undertake that you will enjoy the play. 我保证你会喜欢这个剧。We can't u

28、ndertake that you will make a profit. 我们不能保证你会获利。着手 , 开始He undertakes a dangerous job. 他从事一项危险的工作。Their team will undertake exploration for oil. 他们队将着手进行石油勘探工作。She undertook to revise my compositions. 她着手批改我的作文。Next he undertook to pay off the debts. 然后 , 他负责偿还债务。undoD.J.,?n'duK.K. ?n'duvt.

29、松开 , 解开 Can you undo this knot? 你能解开这个结吗 ? He undid the parcel. 他打开包裹。He undid the string round a parcel. 他解开了绑包裹的绳子。He bent down and undid the laces of his shoes. 他弯腰解开鞋带。毁灭 ; 败坏His pride will undo him some day. 他的傲慢总有一天会毁了他。He did wrong, and in the end his wrongs undid him. 行恶者终以其恶毁其身。This mistake

30、 has undone all our good work. 这个错误使我们所有良好的工作白做了。The evil that he did can never be undone. 他做的坏事永远不会被抹掉。What is done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。undoubtedD.J. ?n'da?t?dK.K. ?n'da?t?d adj.无疑的 ;肯定的She is undoubted star of British ballet. 她是英国毋庸置疑的芭蕾明星。 undoubtedly?n'da?tidliad.无疑，必定，确实地 uneasyD

31、.J.,?n'i:ziK.K. ?n'izi adj.心神不安的She had an uneasy feeling that they were still following her. 她有一种他们仍在跟踪她的不安感觉。He feels uneasy today. 他今天心里感到不安。I am uneasy about this decision. 我为这一决定感到不安。There was one thing that made me very uneasy after hearing what he had said. 听了他的讲话后 , 我感到非常不安。不稳定的The n

32、uclear deterrent has maintained an uneasy peace. 核威慑一直使和平处于不稳定状态。不舒服的She felt uneasy with her new in-laws. 她和新姻亲在一起感到不自在。unemploymentD.J., ?nim'pl ?im ?ntK.K., ?n?m'pl?m?nt, -?m-n.失业The riots took place against a background of widespread unemployment. 暴乱是在普遍失业的情况下发生的。A rapid rise in price so

33、on eventuated in mass unemployment.物价迅速上涨 , 结果造成了大量失业。失业 （人数 ）, 失业率Unemployment among married women reached a peak. 在已婚女性中失业率达到了峰值。There is an equation between unemployment and rising crime levels. 失业人数增加则犯罪数量增加。Unemployment was high despite the gains of the civil rights movement. 尽管民权运动有所进展 , 失业率仍然

34、很高。unexpected, ?nik'spektidadj.没有料想到的 , 意外的 , 突如其来的He is an unexpected guest to her.对于她来说 , 他可是位不速之客。This was a sudden and unexpected blow. 这是一个突如其来的意外打击。His unexpected death is unexpected news. 他的猝死是一个意外的消息。His promotion was unexpected. 他的升迁出人意料。 unfold D.J. ?n'f ?uld K.K. ?n'fold vi. 显

35、露 , 展现As I opened the scroll, a panorama of the Yellow River unfolded. 我打开卷轴时 , 黄河的景象展现在眼前。As the mist cleared, a most beautiful view unfolded before their eyes. 薄雾散去 , 美丽的景色逐渐呈现在他们的眼前。vt. & vi. 展开 , 打开 Buds unfold in the sunshine. 花蕾在阳光下开放。The story unfolds as the film goes on. 情节随着影片的进展逐步展开。 H

36、e unfolded a map. 他摊开地图。When he came across his close friend, he unfolded his arms and hugged him. 当他遇到密友时 , 张开双臂紧紧拥抱对方。unfortunately ,?n'f?:t?nitli adv.遗憾地 , 不幸地 Unfortunately, the war broke out. 不幸的是战争爆发了。She had gone home, unfortunately. 遗憾的是她已回家了。uniform D.J.'ju:nif ?:mK.K.'jun ?,f?r

37、mn. 制服 The new uniforms will arrive tomorrow. 新制服明天就到。Soldiers, policemen, and nurses wear uniforms. 士兵、警察和护士们都穿制服。He was in uniform three years. 他服役三年。 adj. 全都相同的 , 一律的 , 清一色的The earth turns around at a uniform rate. 地球以相同的速度旋转。The windows in the house are all uniform. 房子里的窗户都是一样的。They are uniform

38、in size and shape. 它们的大小和形状都相同。unify D.J.'ju:nifai K.K.'jun ?,fa? vt.使联合 , 统一The emperor unified the country by the sword. 那位皇帝用武力统一了全国。How can we unify such scattered islands into a nation? 我们怎么才能把如此分散的岛屿统一成一个国家呢 ?Spain was unified in the 16th century. 西班牙是在 16 世纪统一的。使相同 ; 使一致The teacher un

39、ified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。Someone in charge of quality control should unify the printing with the rest of the book. 质量检查人员应使该书的印刷质量与其他方面相称。union D.J.'ju:nj ?n K.K.'junj ?n n.联合, 结合, 合并Union between the two countries would be impossible. 这两个国家的联合是不可能的。联盟, 联邦 ; 工会; 俱乐

40、部 The President gave his speech on the state of the Union. 总统发表了国情咨文演讲。The Student Union isare holding election today. 学生会今天举行选举。和睦 , 一致 They lived in unspoilt union. 他们和睦相处。结婚 , 婚姻 God will bless this union. 愿上帝保佑这桩婚姻。 unique D.J.ju:'ni:k K.K.ju'nik adj.独一无二的 , 仅有的 , 惟一的I am in a rather uni

41、que position, as my job is different from anyone else's. 我的情况很特殊 , 因为我的工作与众不同。The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的。 异常的 , 特有的 , 少见的This is a rather unique position. 这是一个相当好的位置。unitD.J.'ju:nit K.K.'jun ?t n.（工作 ）单位The family is the basic unit of society. 家庭

42、是构成社会的基本单位。（计量或计数用的 ）单位The metre is a unit of length. 米是长度单位。（ 课本中的 ） 单元A Reading Practice section is added to each unit in Book Two. 在第二册书里每个单元都加上了阅读练习部分。（特定功能的 ）装置All the units employ hollow burned-clay blocks as the basic raw material. 所有构件都用空心陶土砖做基本原料。unite D.J.ju:'nait K.K.ju'na ?tvt. &

43、amp; vi.（使）联合; 合并 ; 统一The broken bones of a child unite easily. 儿童的断骨容易接合。They unite to form a new company. 他们联合组成一个新公司。A piece of wood unites the two parts. 一块木头将两部分接合起来。vt. 团结 They should be able to unite students. 他们应该能团结同学。unityD.J.'ju:nitiK.K.'jun ?tin. 统一 ; 统一体 一致 , 同心协力 ; 和谐universalD

44、.J.,ju:ni'v ?:s?lK.K.,jun ?'v?s?l adj.全体的His speech met with universal applause. 他的演讲博得全场的喝彩。 广泛的 , 普遍的It's a universal truth. 这是一个普遍真理。These habits are both universal among mankind and peculiar to individuals. 这些习惯在全人类中很普遍 , 而对个人来说又很独特。 在世界各地的 , 世界性的Climate change is a universal problem

45、. 气候变化是个世界性的问题。 universeD.J.'ju:niv ?:sK.K.'jun ?,v?sn. 宇宙 ; 天地万物Our world is but a small part of the universe. 我们的地球只是宇宙的一小部分。 星系 , 银河系Are there other universes outside our own? 在我们的银河系之外还有别的星系吗 ? universityD.J.,ju:ni'v ?:sitiK.K.,jun ?'v?s?tin. 大学The boy scared up enough money to g

46、o to university. 这孩子筹措了足够上大学的钱。He graduated from Yale University in 19 15 .他 1915 年毕业于耶鲁大学。She is a student at the University of Cambridge. 她是剑桥大学的学生。unlessD.J.?n'lesK.K. ?n'l?sconj.除非 , 如果不You will fail unless you work hard. 如果你不积极工作 , 就会失败。Let's have dinner out unless you are too tired

47、. 咱们出去吃饭吧除非你太累了。Substances have no tendency to expand unless (they are) heated. 除非受热 , 物质不会有膨胀的倾向。I will be very angry unless you have already spoken to her. 除非你已经对她说过了 , 否则我会很生气。Don't ask me to explain unless you really don't understand. 不要叫我解释 , 除非你真的不懂。Unless paying by credit card, please

48、 pay in cash. 如果不用信用卡付账 , 就请付现金。unlike D.J.,?n'laikK.K. ?n'la?k prep.(表示属性)与不像，与不同；非的特点She's very unlike her mother. 她一点也不像她母亲。It's unlike him to be late； he's usually on time. 他不是会迟到的那种人 ， 他通常很准时。 adj.不同的 ， 相异的 ， 不相似的The two men are unlike in disposition. 这两个人的气质不同。unlikelyD.J.

49、?n'la?kli:K.K. ?n'la?kli adj.未必的 ， 不太可能的It is unlikely that she will come. 她不大可能来了。不可能发生的 ； 不像是真的That ' s an unlikely story. 这事不像是真的。adv. 不可能 ，未必She may， not unlikely， go abroad. 她或许会出国 ，这未必不可能。 unloadD.J.，?n'l?udK.K. ?n'lod vt. & vi.从卸下货物The ship is unloading. 这艘船正在卸货。Docker

50、s started unloading the ship. 码头工人开始卸船。vt. 摆脱 until D.J. ?n'til, ?n'til K.K. ?n't?l prep.到为止，在以前conj. 到为止 ，在以前 ，直到才 unusual D.J.， ?n'ju: ?u?l K.K. ?n'ju ?u?l adj.罕有的 ， 异乎寻常的It was an unusual day for summer， damp and chilly. 这是夏季少有的一天 ， 又湿又凉。The boy's unusual behaviour puzzled

51、 the doctor. 这男孩的异常行为使医生困惑不解。It is unusual to see snow in this region. 这个地区难得见到雪。 独特的 ， 与众不同的 upD.J. ?p K.K. ?p adv. 成直立姿势 ; 起床 They stood up when he came in. 当他进来时 ， 他们都站起来。 He got up very late. 他很晚才起床。 向上 ， 趋于较高处 Please lift your head up. 请把头抬起来。 向北 ， 在北部 She lives up north. 她住在北部。 完全地 ， 彻底地 We fi

52、nished all work up. 我们完成了所有的工作。 成碎片 ; 分离 He tore up the clothes. 他把衣服撕碎了。We divided up the money. 我们把钱分了。adj. 向上的 , 上行的 He caught the up train. 他赶上了上行的火车。vt. & vi. 站起身 , 提高 （价格等 ） He upped and left. 他站起身走了。You simply couldn't up it. 你根本不能提高了。 prep.（表示位置）在的上端There was a workman up the ladder.

53、 有一个工人在梯子上工作。（ 表示方向 ） 朝上 , 向上They climbed up a hill. 他们爬上了山。The ship is sailing up the Nile. 这艘船顺尼罗河向上游航行。 updateD.J. ?p'deitK.K. ?p'detvt.更新 ; 使现代化They decided to update the computer systems. 他们决定更新计算机设备。向提供最新信息The TV updated a news story on the bad storm coming to our area. 电视就我们地区即将来临的暴风雨

54、作了最新报道。n. 提供最新信息 ; 现代化 ; 更新 Maps need regular updates. 地图需要经常修订。upgradeD.J.,?p' creidKK' ?p, red n.向上的斜坡Freight trains travel slowly on upgrades into the hills. 火车徐徐向山上驶去。vt. 提升 , 使升级 They upgraded the land by improving it with new buildings. 他们建造新楼房来提高土地的等级。upholdD.J. ?p'h?uldK.K. ?p

55、9;holdvt.支持 , 维护They upheld our opinions.他们支持我们的意见。We will loyally uphold the principles of the United Nations. 我们将忠实地维护联合国的原则。It's up to the government to uphold the rights of individual citizens. 政府有责任维护各个公民的权利。维持 , 保持The Supreme Court is expected to uphold the death sentence. 预计最高法院将维持死刑的原判。u

56、ponD.J. ?'p?n, ?p?nKK ?p an, ?p?nprep.在上； 在.旁 =onprep.在上面She sat upon the sofa.她坐在沙发上。当时候Upon seeing her, I smiled and ran toward her.看到她我笑了 , 并跑了过去。upperD.J.'?p?K.K.' ?p?adj.较高的 , 上部的He is a member of the upper house of legislature.他是上议院的成员之一。adj.大写的vt.用大写字母排印/upper crust面包表层的皮贵族阶层,上流阶层

57、；最上层/upper works海水 线以上的船体uprightD.J.'?praitK.K.' ?p,ra?tadj.直立的 , 垂直的He stood in an upright position.他直直地站着。正直的 , 诚实的An upright man is respectable. 诚实的人是值得尊敬的。The man is very upright. 这个人非常正直。adv. 垂直 竖立 地 He stood himself upright. 他笔直地站着。uproarD.J.' ?p,r ?:K.K.' ?p,r?r, -,rorn.吵闹 , 喧嚣 , 骚乱She could hear the uproar in the room. 她能听见房间里的吵闹声。With the whole meeting in uproar, the chairman abandoned the attempt to take a vote. 因为整个会议一片喧嚣 , 主持会议的人放弃了投票表决的尝试。upsetD.J. ?p'setK.K. ?p's?tvt. & vi.