冶金工程物料平衡与热平衡

1、物料平衡计算钢种，铁水，废钢和终点钢水的成分设定值类别 成分CSiMNPS钢种Q295设定值0.160.5510.040.04铁水设定值4.30.70.60.30.03废钢设定值0.30.250.550.030.03终点钢设定值0.100.180.020.02注：【C】【Si】按实际情况选取，【MNPS分别按铁水中相应成分含量的30%-50% 5%-15%和50%-70%本计算设定冶炼钢种为Q295物料平衡基本项目收入项:铁水，废钢，熔剂，氧气，炉衬蚀损，铁合金支出项：钢水，炉渣，烟尘，渣中铁珠，炉气，喷溅原材料成分类别 成分CaOSiO2MgOAI2O3Fe2O3CaF2P2O5SCO2H2

2、OC灰分挥发分石灰882.52.61.50.50.10.064.640.1萤石0.35.50.61.61.5880.90.11.5生白云石36.40.825.6136.2轻烧白云石502.54214.5炉衬1.2378.81.41.6铁矿石1.52150.333800.050.114焦炭0.5831.512.45.52回收75%烧结25%铁合金成分及其回收率成分 回收率CSiMnALPSFe硅铁73/750.5/802.5/00.05/100 0.03/10023.92/100锰铁6.6/90 0.5/7567.8/800.23/100 0.13/10024.74/10010%C与O生成CO铁

3、水中元素的氧化产物及成渣量元素元素氧化量耗氧量产物量CCO 4.2*0.9=3.78 CO2 4.2*0.1=0.425.04,1.128.82,1.54SiSiO2 0.70.81.5MnMnO 0.420.120.54PP2O5 0.280.360.64SCaS 0.007-0.140.021FeFeO 0.837 Fe2O3 0.4240.239,0.182 1.076,0.606合计6.8688.0015.923炉衬损失成渣量炉衬蚀损量成渣组分耗氧量CaOSiO2MgOAI2O3Fe2O3COCO20.30.0040.0090.2360.0040.0050.088 0.0150.062

4、合计0.2580.103加入熔剂成渣量类别加入量成渣组分气态产物CaOMgOSiO2Al2O3Fe2O3P2O5CaSCaF2H2OCO2O2萤石0.50.0020.0030.0280.008 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.001 0.005生白云石2.50.0910.640.020.025 0.0250.905 -0.002石灰5.4560.1610.1350.093 0.093 0.031 0.006 0.009 0.006 0.288 0.002合计6.2680.8040.2030.126 0.126 0.039 0.0110.01 0.011 1.113总渣量及其成分炉渣成分

5、CaOMgOAl2O3MnOFeOFe2O3CaCl2P2O5CaSSiO2合计元素氧化成渣量0.541.0760.6060.64 0.0211.5 4.383石灰成渣量5.4560.1610.0930.0310.006 0.009 0.155 5.911生烧白云石0.0910.640.0250.02 1.595萤石0.0020.0030.0080.0080.44 0.005 0.001 0.028 0.495总渣量5.5490.8040.1240.541.0760.6450.44 0.651 0.031 1.703 12.38%44.816.4914.368.695.213.555.260.

6、25 13.75100实际耗氧量耗氧项供氧项实际氧气消耗量铁水中耗氧量8.001铁水中S与CaO生成0.0088.463-0.01+0.113炉衬耗氧0.062石灰中生成0.0028.566烟尘耗氧0.34炉气中自由氧含量0.06 0.5%是自由氧含量合计 8.4630.018.566炉气量及其成分炉气成分炉气量体积m3体积%CO9.37.7689.5CO21.5550.7929.1SO20.0210.0070.08H2O0.0110.0140.16O20.060.0430.5N20.0710.0570.16合计11.0188.671100未加入废钢时的物料平衡表收入支出项目质量%项目质量%铁

7、水10085.17 钢水88.9177.08石灰5.554.73 炉渣12.38410.74萤石0.50.43 炉气11.0189.55生白云石2.52.13 喷溅0.80.69炉衬0.30.26 烟尘1.51.3氧气8.5667.3 渣中铁珠0.7430.644合计117.41100 合计115.354100废钢中元素及其成渣量元素反应产物元素氧化耗氧量产物量入钢CCO0.00860.1140.02CO20.00096 0.002560.00352SiSiO20.030.0340.064MnMnO0.0470.0130.06PP2O50.0010.0010.002SSO20.0040.000

8、40.0008CaS0.0008 -0.00040.02合计0.0890.0611.911成渣量0.17加入废钢的物料平衡表，以100kg铁水为基础收入支出项目质量%项目质量%铁水10077.23 钢水100.8279.1废钢129.27 炉渣12.5549.84石灰5.554.29 炉气11.0468.67萤石0.50.39 喷溅0.80.00628生白云石2.51.93 烟尘1.51.18炉衬0.30.23 渣中铁珠0.7430.00583氧气8.6266.67 合计127.463100合计129.48100加入废钢平衡以100kg（铁水+废钢）为基础收入支出项目质量%项目质量%铁水89.

9、2977.23 钢水89.9179.1废钢10.79.27 炉渣11.199.84石灰4.954.29 炉气9.858.67萤石0.450.39 喷溅0.7140.00628生白云石2.21.93 烟尘1.341.18炉衬0.260.23 渣中铁珠0.660.00583氧气5.956.67 合计113.7100合计115.5100W（Mn）=1.36 W(Si)0.9铁合金中元素烧损量及产物量类别元素烧损脱氧量成渣量炉气量入钢量C0.0090.02250.033CO20.081锰铁Mn0.1840.05260.23670.738Si0.00170.00170.340.005P0.003S0.0

10、02Fe0.336合计0.18570.24510.57670.0331.165Al0.0230.0220.013硅铁Mn0.00090.00020.0010.0036Si0.1640.1870.3510.493P0.00045S0.00027Fe0.2153合计0.1880.2090.3650.7126总计0.37370.45410.94170.0331.8776脱氧和合金化钢水成分如下CSiMnPS0.10.540.190.020.22Wi=(0.18-0.14)%*91.79/81.5%875%=0.06焦粉生成产物如下耗氧量 气体量成渣量入钢0.06*81.5%*25%=0.0120.0

11、320.0470.0070.037总物料平衡表收入支出项目质量%项目质量%铁水89.2977% 钢水91.879%废钢10.79% 炉渣12.1410%石灰4.954% 炉气9.919%萤石0.450% 喷溅0.7141%生白云石2.22% 烟尘1.341%炉衬0.260% 渣中铁珠0.661%氧气6.1155%锰铁1.361%硅铁0.91%焦粉0.060%合计116.205100%116.564100%热平衡计算计算所需的基本原始数据有：各种入炉料及产物的温度，物料的平均热容，反应热效应，溶入铁水中的元素对熔点的影响，其他数据照物料平衡选取计算步骤以100kg铁水为基础计算热收入热收入项包括

12、：铁水物理热，元素氧化热及成渣热，烟尘氧化热，炉衬中碳的氧化热Tt=1536-(4.2*100+0.7*8+0.42*5+0.3*30+0.028*25）-6=1092.61.Qw=100*0.745*(1092.6-25)+218+0.837*(1250-1092.6)=114510.582.元素氧化热及成渣热反应产物氧化热或成渣热反应物氧化热或成渣热CO4.3*0.9*11639=45042.93Fe2O30.424*6460=2739.04CO24.3*0.1*11639=5004.77P2O50.039*18980=740.2SiO20.7*29202=20441.44CaOP2O50

13、.651*4880=3176.88MnO0.42*6594=2769.482CaOSiO21.703*1620=2758.86FeO0.837*4250=3557.25合计86230.813.烟尘氧化热5075.364.炉衬中碳的氧化热586.25故热收入总值114510.58+86230.81+5075.36+586.25=206403热支出项包括：钢水物理热，炉渣物理热，烟尘物理热，炉气物理热，渣中铁珠物理热，金属物理热，轻烧白云石分解热，热损失，废钢吸热1.钢水物理热Tg=1536-(0.1*65+0.18*5+0.02*30+0.02*25)=1527.5 考虑温降等因素Tg=1697

14、.5Qg=90.377*(0.699*(1527.5-25)+272+0.837*(1697.5-1527.5)=132360.52.炉渣物理热Qr=13.043*(1.248*（1697.5-25）+200）=29832.993043.某些物料的物理热项目参数 （KJ）备注炉气物理热11.064*1.137*（1450-25）=17926.16941450度炉气和烟尘的温度烟尘物理热1.5*（0.996*（1450-25）+209）=2442.45渣中铁珠物理热0.743*（0.699*（1527.5-25）+272+0.837*170）=1088.15喷溅金属物理热0.8*（0.699*（

15、1527.5-25）+272+0.837*170）=1171.63合计22628.44.轻烧白云石Qb=2437.15热损失Qq=206403*5%=10320.156.废钢吸热Qf206403-132360.5-29832.99-22628.4-10320.15-2437.1=8823.86故废钢加入量8823.86/1171.63=7.53 废钢比7%热平衡表收入支出项目热量%项目热量%铁水物理热114510.5855.48% 钢水物理热132360.564%元素氧化成渣热86230.8141.78% 炉渣物理热29832.9914%C氧化50047.724.25% 烟尘物理热2442.451%Si氧化20441.49.90%