虚拟语气-归纳总结

1、虚拟语气虚拟语气清理复习清理复习谓语谓语 谓谓语语动动词词 谓语动词在某时所谓语动词在某时所处的状态处的状态 主语与谓语动词之主语与谓语动词之间的主被动关系间的主被动关系 主语的单复数主语的单复数 说话人对自己所说说话人对自己所说的话的态度和看法的话的态度和看法 时态时态 语态语态 人称与数人称与数 语态语态 语语气气 陈述语气：陈述事实与看法陈述语气：陈述事实与看法 疑问语气：提出质疑疑问语气：提出质疑 虚拟语气：表示愿望或假设虚拟语气：表示愿望或假设 祈使语气：表达命令或请求祈使语气：表达命令或请求She is a teacher.She is not a student.Is she a

2、 teacher?If she were a teacher,she shouldnt be so childish.Dont be so silly!That is lovely, not childish虚拟语气虚拟语气课文中的虚拟语气课文中的虚拟语气 I wish people would find out the facts and not act as if I were a bad or dangerous person. If I were you I would give an AIDS patient a hug. If I had known more about givi

3、ng first aid, I could have helped them. If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.课文中的虚拟语气课文中的虚拟语气 It looked as if she were dead Leaning about first aid is the best way to make sure that we will not have to feel that we could have done more Many hospitals recommend that we use the letters DR

4、 ABC to remember what to do when we have to think fast表虚拟的动词形式表虚拟的动词形式 假设条件状语从句假设条件状语从句 愿望宾语从句愿望宾语从句 似乎好像状语似乎好像状语/表语从句表语从句 主句主句 建议建议 宾语从句宾语从句 命令命令 主语从句主语从句 要求要求 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 did /had done 情态动词情态动词过去式过去式 (should) do动词形式动词形式虚拟语气虚拟语气情态动词过去式表虚情态动词过去式表虚情态动词过去式用于主句中表虚拟情态动词过去式用于主句中表虚拟 should have do

5、ne would have done could have done might have done should /could /would /might do 本来应该本来应该 本来会本来会 本来可以，本来本来可以，本来能够能够 差点，本来可以差点，本来可以 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反或或将来事情发生将来事情发生的可能性很小的可能性很小 He could _ the exam, but he was too careless.(pass) Be careful. You might_ by that speeding car.(kill) Without your help, I wou

6、ldnt _ _such great progress.(make) Tom, you are too lazy. The work should _last night.(finish) The meeting might _ (put off) because of the bad weather.have passedhave been killed have madehave been finishedbe put off过去式与过去完成式过去式与过去完成式表虚拟表虚拟 假设：假设： If /Supposing条件从句条件从句 似乎好像：似乎好像： as if /though 状语状语

7、/表语表语从句从句 愿望：愿望： wish, if only would rather宾语从句宾语从句 wish(主语主语) is+表语从句表语从句 wish + 同位语从句同位语从句 与过去相反与过去相反 had done 与现在相反与现在相反 did /wereif /supposing条件句中虚拟语气条件句中虚拟语气If条件句条件句 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did /were 将来发生可能性小将来发生可能性小 did /should do /were to结果主句结果主句 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 should /would /c

8、ould /might have done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 should /would /could /might do 将来发生可能性小将来发生可能性小 should /would /could /might doIf条件状语从句条件状语从句 Fact: Mr. Zhang is very clever. But he didnt work hard at middle school. He works as a teacher. He is planning to buy a car next year. If he _(work)hard at middle school,

9、 he could _ _(admit) to Peking University. If he _(enter)Peking University, he might _ (be)a CEO of a big company now.had worked have been admittedhad enteredbe If he _(be) a CEO of a big company, he could _ (make) a large sum of money every year. If he _(make) a large sum of money every year, he wo

10、uld _ _(buy)an expensive car now. If he _(make) a large sum of money every year, he would_ (have)an expensive car now. If he _ (make) a large sum of money this year, he would _ (buy)an expensive car next year.weremakemade have boughtmadehavemade /were to make /should makebuy But for your help, I cou

11、ldnt _ _(find)this place. Thank you very much. He gave us much help. Otherwise we couldnt _ (finish) the task on time. I could have give you more help yesterday but I _ too busy. have foundhave finishedwasas if /though 状语状语/表语从句表语从句 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did /were Facts: Mr. Zhang i

12、s very fluent in English and feel very proud. His dream is to go abroad. He acts as if he _(be) an American. He acts as if he _(be) to America. He sounds as if he _(know) everything about America.werehad beenknew He ran and shouted as if he _ (see) a ghost He ran and shouted as if he _ (be) mad.had

13、seenwerewish, if only, would rather宾语从句宾语从句wish (主语主语) + 表语从句表语从句wish + 同位语从句同位语从句 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did /were 将来发生可能性较小将来发生可能性较小 would /could /might do Facts: Tom is a naughty student. He is talking and misbehaving in the class. The teacher is angry. The teacher would rather To

14、m _(not come) to school. The teacher would rather Tom _(be) absent from school. He even wished Tom would _ (be) ill at home tomorrow and might _ (not come) to school.hadnt comewerebenot comeIt is (high) time that sb. should do /did sth. Tom, it is high time that you went to bed. You will have to go

15、to school earlier tomorrow. 本句型中本句型中should不能省略不能省略(should) do表虚拟should doVt+ 宾语从句宾语从句 建议：建议： suggest, advise, recommend propose 命令：命令： order, command 要求：要求： demand, insist, require, requestN + 同位语同位语/表语从句表语从句 建议：建议： suggestion, advice proposal 命令：命令： order, command 要求：要求： demand, request, requiremen

16、tshould do Toms pale face suggested that he_(be) badly ill. The teacher suggested that he _ _(send) to hospital. The boy insisted that he _ (be) innocent and that _ (not steal) the money. He insisted that he _ (set) free at once. was be sent/should be sentwashadnt stolenshould be set /be set He sugg

17、ested that immediate measures should be taken to prevent the unknown disease. It is suggested that immediate measures should be taken to prevent the unknown disease. He made a suggestion that immediate measures should be taken to prevent the unknown disease. His suggestion is that immediate measures

18、 should be taken to prevent the unknown disease.虚拟语气中的时间虚拟语气中的时间 It looked as if the girl in the car accident were dead Look, It looks as if the girl were dead It looked as if the girl in the car accident had died Look, It looks as if the girl had died以动词为线索归纳以动词为线索归纳虚拟语气虚拟语气did /had done 假假 设设 愿愿 望

19、望 似乎似乎好像好像 If /Supposing条件从句条件从句 wish /If only /would rather宾语从句宾语从句 wish主主 + 表从表从 wish + 同从同从 as if /though 状从状从/表从表从 过去过去 现在现在 将来将来 过去过去 现在现在 将来将来 过去过去 现在现在 had done did /were did/were to do /should do had done did /were would /could /might do had done did /were(should) do 建建议议 命命令令 要要求求 动词动词 sugg

20、est advise recommend propose order command demand insist require request 动词动词 宾从宾从 主从主从 名词名词 表从表从 同从同从 名词名词 suggestion advice proposal order command demand request requirement特例特例 suggest insist 建议建议 表明暗示表明暗示 坚决要求坚决要求 坚持认为坚持认为 陈述语气陈述语气 虚拟语气虚拟语气(should) do主句主句情态动词过去式表虚拟情态动词过去式表虚拟 should have done wou

21、ld have done could have done might have done should /could /would /might do 本来应该本来应该 本来会本来会 本来可以，本来本来可以，本来能够能够 差点，本来可以差点，本来可以 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反或或将来事情发生将来事情发生的可能性很小的可能性很小以从句为线索归纳以从句为线索归纳虚拟语气虚拟语气主语从句主语从句 It is important /necessary /natural /strange that sb. (should) do It is suggested /ordered /demanded

22、that sb. (should) do 宾语从句宾语从句 think /find /feel /consider it important /necessary /natural /strange that sb. (should) do宾语从句宾语从句 愿望：愿望： wish, if only，would rather 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did /were 将来发生可能性较小将来发生可能性较小 would /could /might do宾语从句宾语从句vt 建议：建议： suggest，advise， recommend， pr

23、opose 命令：命令： order，command 要求：要求： demand，insist，require，request宾语从句宾语从句 (should) do表语从句表语从句主语主语 建议：建议： suggestion, advice，proposal 命令：命令： order, command 要求：要求： demand, request, requirement表语从句表语从句 is that sb. (should) do表语从句表语从句主语主语 愿望愿望 wish is that表语从句表语从句 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did /were 将来发生可能性较小将来发生可能性较小 would /could /might do表语从句表语从句系动词系动词 + 似乎好像：似乎好像： look sound smell taste feel seem appear表语从句表语从句 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did /wereas if as though同位语从句同位语从句名词名词 建议：建议： suggestion, advic