完型策略分析与真题

1、2012 完形高分策略(Skills of Cloze Tests一、高考完形填空命题趋势选材特点:以记叙文为主，多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主命题特点:设空特点：名词 动词（5? 8个）为主（2）考点层次分三部：里边层次：（语篇层次 30%以上）体现了突出语篇的命题思路句子层次：（占70%左右）单词层次：（只须读懂单词所在句子就能做，分数较少）（3）考查重点：如文第一句不设问.高考完形填空题型特点完型填空Z能力训练冃标：1.以叙为主，叙议结合；2.1 ?词语辨析能力篇章短小，意义完整；2.语法结构分析能力3.首句完整，主题明确；3.语篇理解能力4.结构清晰，层次分明；4.逻辑推理能力5.考查语境，

2、侧垂辨析；5.文化背景透析能力6.实词为主，虚词为辅；6作者意图剖析能力7.逻辑推理，隐于语篇；&牛活常识综合运用能力8.常识语法，每年出现。二、考生易失分之处：1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。做题三忌：?急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。?只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键轄凤常上下呼嵐搭配査爲覺二.做题二步法方法:1、研究首尾找主题2、上下联系寻信息3、左顾右盼找搭配4、思前想后觅逻辑5、语境分析辨词义6、集中精力破难题7、I叫读检查补

3、漏洞1、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）2、打好语法基础（固定搭配）3、扩充词汇量（动词、名词）4、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好5、多做多练，以提咼实战能力How to get high scores?1正确的答题步骤2?必要的答题技巧3适量的实践训练审谏首句, 预测全文; 快速通谏.审读首句：明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，测全文内容.跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，應中心.领会大意。上下联系，逐思索，初定答 案。答案 要求语法正确，搭配无误，结构完整，意思通顺，前后一致，逻辑得当解题/分祈A-从空格所在的句子单独考虑B. 从空格所在的前后A3句考虑.C. 从整个段落、整篇短文考虑*生词的蛇 超、列

4、断词性、了解大意、猜测.思路一：分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构苇虑 .思路二：理解句子含义，列断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭 配考虑思路三:把握整体意思，寻找答裁索， 从上下文考虑.思路四:结合前后语境， 进行逻辑从日常生活常识考虑. 短文的中右内容 前后2-3歸M昔杲. 上下文提供的信息对应关系以及词语的重复使用M 复读全文，全篇联系，患前顾后, 歩核实;己夺把你选择的答案代入短文原句检查复核。（花1-2分钟进行检查复核是必要的人四、巧解完形填空一一高分技巧 九大方法巧解完形very |badly| at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 an

5、d when I was 14 he said, 一.利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择"You're never going to be 3 （anything） but a failure."D. hopefulA. brightB. useless C. simple、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题Our father was a struggling Ilawye? but I always knew he was 37 ? He never criticizedl us, butused _38 to bring out our best. （2005 山东卷

6、）37. A. strictB. honest C? specialD. lear ned3& A. helpB. peaceC. smilepraisePractice：His bigstomach 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a_44 T-shirt国 to lose weight.has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trouser? Although his family often43. A. caredB. forgot C. quarreled D? jokedD. dark

7、er44. A. cleanB. straight C? larger二、利用语篇标志解题 I （三找）常见的标志性的词语有以卜?几种：结构层次:行rsfly, secondly, thirdly ；逻辑关系:thus,therefore, so; 递进关系:besides, what's more, further转折关系:but, while, however, on the other hand 等。She told the front-desk clerk she had had（ n）41 vacation, |bu was heart-broken about losing

8、several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）句式结构：前血Ti定示面否定、前而否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。考点：（以下条件缺一不可） 考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系，空前后必须是独立的旬子； 出题位置在两个句子之间或笫二个句子的开头，不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间; 选项中必须要有对立关系的词

9、。3、找AND题（在原文中找and）考点：<7 八、 and 前后选同义词，词性一 ?致； and 前后选同一范围词； end 前后句子对应成分相同； 在文帝中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。3、找同现复现原则Liumei is among the _22_ ones? The Chin ese Un iversity of Hong Kong gran ted (答应给)Liu a full scholarship HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. s

10、ile ntFriendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all languag?Some of us like_2 frie nds while others like differe nt frie nds. Pers on ally I prefer both.Having similar frie nds has many adva ntages. .2. A. lineB. rightC? same D. similar四、根据逻辑推理解题.a nd the officers the n bega n t

11、o eat their meal , say ing that the mushrooms had a very strangc| quite |plcasant| taste.A. besidesB? butC. andD. or五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means con trol, particularly in the 37 areas |like

12、the dese n.A. dryB. dista nt C. desertedD. wild六、从语法角度来解题I went into a cafe and asked for a coffee? 21 I was wait ing for my drin k, I realized thatthere were other people in the place , but I sen sed 22 (lon eli ness).A. BeforeB. Si nee C. AlthoughD. WhileHave you ever shouted at a teacher, told so

13、me one you were lon ely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you |had kept| your mouth shut?23. A. wishedB. hopedC. blamedD. shared解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过左式，其后句宾语从句|had kepi是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。七、从惯用法和固1定搭配方面'来解题1） He was only fourtee n and was not good at swim min g丄.So he should n't have

14、gone into that place?LA. after allB. in allC.at allD. for all八、从词语辨析的角度来解题When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9（enjoy） this country as the son of a minister.A. ran after B? nm into C? ran overD. ran to九、同义近义复现来解题I believe that a mi

15、xture of friends is equally advantageous. One can7 _ from varioussorts of frie nds in three aspects ? First, freque nt con tacts with differe nt frie nds broade n my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nu trime nts keep you healthy, making a 8 of frie nds keep you lively. . Secon dly, I have fo

16、und that differe nt frie nds can not only lead to new adve ntures but also show me new ave nues to success in lif?7. A. obta in B. ben efit C. sufferD. ear n8. A. range B. series C? quantity D. variety完型填空实战四招：抓首抓住首句，预测全文。完形填空所选短文多没有标题，但一 ？般首句是一个不设空（或较简单）的完整的句子 ，往往用以 点明短文的体裁，如议论、说明或叙述等。因此，我们在解题时一定耍注

17、意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点來进行逻辑思维，判断文章体裁，找出文章中心。捕眼捕捉题眼，寻找契机所谓“题眼”，就是指那些在短文小起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼，就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系一一那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等 ，述有那些明确具体的 事实（如时间、地点、人物、形状、 色彩、顺序），以及它们 Z间的关系等。跳身避难就易，节省时间在解题过程屮，我们应该遵循“先易后难”的原则，遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度，我们可以暂时跳过难点，去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的

18、问题。或许在扫尾 复读全文，解决残敌到了这时，借助已经补全的空口 ，我们应该对全文有了更清塑的理解，可以集中解决所遗 爾的少数 疑难问题，如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法。对于实在无从下手的个别题冃，我们则完全口 J以凭语感來确定：把几个选项逐-?放在空格内念两遍，哪个念起来顺口、脩服就选哪个。注意：凭语感选泄的答案不要轻易改动，因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的。在各空者E已填出后，再复读全文。我们必须重视这最后的弥补疏漏，改正错误的扫尾机会,以争取最好成绩I真题实战演绸（2011 -全国新课标卷）完形填空（共 20小题；每小题1?5分，满分30分）In our discussion with p

19、eople on how education can help them succeed in life woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory_36 （同义复现） course about 20 years ago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education）The professor37 the lecturdiall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with driedbeans （豆），and invited the students to _38_ （同义复现

20、）how many bea ns the jarcontained? After _39 |shouts| of wildly wrong guessesthe professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announcedjthe_40 agyvei；与前面 |wrong| 相对应）and went on saying, "You have just 41 an imrta nt less on aboutscience .That is:Never 42_ your own sen se£Twentv vears later, the_43

21、（上文提到的人物） could guesswhat theprofessor had in mind. He44_ himself perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting _45_ （概括的是答案）into an unknown world in visible （无形的）to the _46_,which can be discovered only through scie ntific 47 . But |the | seve ntee? yeaold girl could not acceptor 丿顺接关系）even

22、 48 the invitation. She was justA9 to understand the world. And she _50 that hefirsthand experienee could be the_51 .The professoh,owever,与小女 孩的观点相反的 said that it was 52 （与51 相对）.he was taking away her only_53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. T remember feelingsmall |and 54 （找 a

23、nd） the women says, "and I did the only thi ng I could do. I 55 the course that after noo ru and I have n't gone near scienee since.（找否定词）B. historyB. Io oked atB.guessB. givi ngB? possibleB. prepared36? A. art37. A. searched fo38. A. cou nt39. A. warning40. A. ready41. A. I ear nedC? scien

24、eeC. got throughC. reportC? turning awayC? coiTectC. taughtD. mathD. marched intoD. watchD. liste ning toD. difficultD. take n42. A. loseB. trustC.sharpenD. show43. A. lecturerB. scie ntistC- speakerD? woman44. A. describedB. respectedC. sawD? served45. A. voyageB. moveme ntC? changeD.rush46. A. pro

25、fessorB. eyeC. kno wledgeD. light47.A. modelB.sen sesC. spiritD. methods48.A.hearB. makeC. prese ntD. refuse49.A. suggest ingB. begi nningC. prete ndingD. waiti ng50.A. believedB. doubtedC. provedD. expla ined51.A. growthB. stre ngthC. faithD. truth52.A. firmB. in terest ingC. wrongD? acceptable53.A

26、. taskB. toolC? successD. conn ecti on54.A. cruelB. proudC. frighte nedD. brave55.A. droppedB. startedC. passedD. missedCDBDC/ ABDCA/BDABA/DCBCA（2010年山东）It was a cool October evening Excitement and family36 the hall? I was onmem7esar-old girl, but I was the cen ter of _37 . Fin ally, afterweeks of p

27、reparati on, I would _38_ all my hard work in a dance of performa nee.Everyth ing would be _39 so I thought. I waited baskstage all _40_ in my black tights with a golde n belt .In a loud and clear voice, the master of cere moni e41_ that my class was n ext.My dance class was doing a routi ne on wood

28、e n boxes two feet by two feet, facing the _42? All I had to do in the n ext move was put one foot on the box n ext tomine and keep my other foot on my box. I really was an _43_ move. I was concen trat ing so much _44 the huge smile on my face and hold ing my head up that I did not look _45 I was go

29、ing. I missed my part ner's box altogether and 46_. There I was sta nding on the stage floor whe n my classmates were on top of their boxes. I could hear giggles咯 咯笑）coming from the audie nee, and I felt the47 _ rush to my face. I rememberedmy dance teacher had told us, "If you make a mista

30、ke, keep smili ng so the audie nee will not _ 48 _ : I did my best to followher 49 as I continued with the rout ine.When the curtain dropped, so did my _50 for the evenin? I 51 bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed dow n my face. I ran backstage, but no one could _52_ me dow n.Rece

31、 ntly I realized I had bee n a _5 that ni ght. I was54 _ , but I foughtthe urge to run off the stage. _55_I fini shed the routi ne with a smile on my face.Now whe n frie nds and family laugh about the time I slipped duri ng a dance performa nee, Ican laugh too.36. A. filledB. visited C. atte nded D.

32、 decorated37. A. presssure3& A. take over39.A. reasonalbe40.A. dressed up41.A. suggested42.A. music43.A. easy ?44.A. containingB. impression C? debate D. attentionB. show off C. look after D. give upB. suitable C. obivious D. perfectB. folded upC. covered up D. mixed upB. explainedC. announced D

33、. predictedB. audienceC? curtainD. stageB. active C. adventurous D. extraB. hidingC. sharing D? keeping45. A. whyB. whetherC? whereD. whatalready46. A. wan dered B. slippedC. wavedD. skippedwhisperi47. A. bloodB. pleasureC. prideD. tearng about4& A. leaveB.cheerC. believeD. no ticeChristma49. A.

34、 gestureB. exampleC. adviceD. pla ns5(). A. doubtsB.hopesC. voiceD. patie neepla ns,Wi51. A ? arguecIB. shoutedC. beggedD.sobbedth each52. A. turnB. calmC. letD.putpass ing53. A. starB. pion eerC. loserD.fooldity54. A. satisfiedB. movedC. embarrassedD?every one55? A.B. In steadC. In totalD. in retur

35、nbecameHowADBDA/ CBADC/ BADCB / DBACBmore（2009山东）Eve n though itwas on ly October ,my stude nts were36_wtDavid was a small boy in ragged clothes ? I had often _3what kind of home lire davidhti ng for the final school bell Upon its _37every ine wouod run for theircoats and go hone ,every one except D

36、avidhad ,and what kind of mother could send her son to schlool dressed so _3for the cold win ter mon ths . without a coat ,boots ,or gloves ,But somethi ng made David 40 I can still remember he was always 41 to help? He always _42_after schoolto straighten chairs and mop the floo 匚 We never talkde m

37、uch a smile and willing He_43 ust smile and ask what else he could do ,then thank me for letting him stay and slowly_44 homeWeeks passed and the _45 ovre the coming christrnas grew ilto restlwssness until the last day of_46_before the holiday breaksmiled in47 _as the last of themhurried out the door

38、 .turni ng arormd Isaw David _ 4sta nding by my des?“I hve something for you ” he said 49from behind his back a smallbox ?_50_ it to me ,he said artxiously ?I tookdberboxror” him ,thankedhim and slowly unwjapped it Iliftd the lid and to my _51_saw nothing Hooked at David 's smili ng face add bac

39、k into the box and said . "The box is nice ,david ,but it 52_”“Oh no it isrf t ” said david “It's full of love ,my mum told me before she died that lo somethi ng you could 门代 see or souch uni ess you know it's thetfeTears filled my eyes 53 _ looked at the proud dirty race that I had rar

40、elygive n _ 54_ to.After that Christi nas . David and Ibecame good frie nds and I n everforgot the manning36. A .an xiors37. A .wartti ng37A scolded55 the little empjtv box set on my deskB. courageousB. ringingB. won deredC. seriousC. callingD. yellingC. rializedD.l eamedD. eautious39.A.m odestly 40

41、A popular41. A.u xpress ing42. A .pracusedB. n aturallyB. upsetB. deliveri ngB. wan deredC. in accur ntely D. in appmpriatelyC. sottlal D.funnyC? wearing D. sharingC? studied D. stayed43.A .wouldB. shouldC.m ight44. A.aim atB. turn toC. put off45. A.argume ntB. exciteme ntC.m oveme ntD. couldD. head

42、 forD. program46. A. school47. A. relief48. A.weakly49. A.searched50. A.Holdi ng51. A.delight52. A.cheap53. A.as54. A.advice55. A.fromB. yearB. returnB. sadlyB.roundB. HandingB. expectati onB. emptyB.umtilB? supportB. beh indC. educati onC. vainC.q uietlyC? raisedC.SendingC. appreciati onC. uselessC

43、. becauseC. atte ntionC.overD. program D.con trolD. gelplessoyD. pulledD. Leav ingD. surpriseD. i mproperD. thoughD. commaiD. towardsABBDC/ CDADB / AACDB / DBACB2008 年山东卷：On August 26, 1999, New York City experie need a terrible rai nstor m. The rai n caused the streets to _36_ and the subway system

44、 almost came to a stop.Unfortun ately, this happe nedduri ng the morning rush hour Many people who were going to work were _37_ to go home. Some battled to _3 a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the _39_ bravely, walk ing miles to get to work.I 40_ to be one of the people on the way to wor

45、k that mor ning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most _41_ had stopped. After mak ing my way _42_ crowds of people, I fin ally found a subway line that was _43. Unfortun ately, there were so many people wait ing to _44_ the subway that I could not eve n get dow n the stairs

46、to the _45_? So I took the train going in the opposite directi on, and the n switch back to the dow ntow n trai n. Fin ally, after what seemed like an forever, the train _46_ my stop. The n I had to walk several blocks in the in creas in gly heavy ra?n Whe n I fin ally got to my office, I was _47_ t

47、hrough, exhausted and _4.My co? workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm, I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer _49_ I received an email from Garth, my Director:I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and _ 50 reported to work? It is alwa

48、ys reassuring（令人欣慰）， at times like these, when employees so clearly show their _51_ to their jobs. Tha nk you. GarthAs email was short, but I lear ned more from that _52_ message tha n I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of _5 can make a big differe nee. The rai nstorm a

49、nd the traffic _54_ had made me tied and upset. But GarthAs words immediately_55 me and put a smile back on my fac?36. A. breakB. floodC. sinkD. crash37. A. forcedB. refusedC. adjustedD. gathered38. A. orderB. payC. callD. search39. A. climateB. sce neryC? stormD. burde n40. A. usedB. promisedC? des

50、ervedD?41 ? A. practiceB. routi neC. processhaDpseebe42. A. toB. throughC. overD. for43. A. operat ingB. cycli ngC. turni ngD. rush ing44. A. checkB. carryC. findD. board45. A. streetB. groundC. floorD. platform46. A. pausedB. crossedC. reachedD. parked47. A. wetB. weakC. sickD. hurt48. A. ashamed49

51、. A. whileB. discouragedB. whe nC? surprised D. puzzledC? where D. after50. A. hardly51. A. devoti on52? A. accurate53. A. promise54. A. troubles55. A. correctedB. casuallyB? donationB? urge ntC. absolutely D. eventuallyC. connection D. reactionC. brief D. humorousB. appreciation C? advice D. guidan

52、eeB. sig nalsC? rules D. sig nsB. supportedC- amazedBACCD / DBADD/ CABBD/ ACBAD201（）山东【文章大意】七岁的“我”在一次舞蹈表演中出现了失误，引起了观众的嘲笑后来认识到了自己在那次表演屮实际已经很成功了，是个明星了，也看淡了那次的失误36.,受到了打击。37.Ao兴奋和家庭成员充满了整个大厅。Do “我”只有七岁，但是是整个注意力的中心。38.切。39.Bo经过数周的准备，“我”开始炫耀我在舞蹈表演屮的努力，用炫耀二字休现了孩子的童心，很贴40.41.42.43.44.Do “我”认为一切者E是完美的。Ao “我”穿着带着金色峻带的黑色紧身衣在后台等着。Co主持人宣布下一个就是"我”的节冃。Bo根据语境理解和帘识，是面向观众。Ao对“我”来说真的是一个很简单的移动。为下文埋下了失误的伏笔。Do脸上保持着灿烂的微笑。与后面的holding my head up形成完美承接。Co由于注意力在集中在口己的面部表情和肢休表演上，而没有留心注